中国汉族人S-美芬妥英4′-羟化代谢的遗传多态性(英文)

目的:研究我国汉族人S-美芬妥英(S-Mep)4′-羟化代谢的遗传多态性。方法:148名互无血缘关系的汉族健康志愿者和5个家族21名成员,口服美芬妥英100mg后,用HPLC法测定0-12h尿中S-Mep 4′-羟化代谢的代谢比值(lg MR)和羟化指数(lg HI)。结果:lg MR和lg HI均呈两态性分布,分型点(antimode)分别为-1.00和1.50,羟化代谢缺陷的频发率为13.5％(20/148)。系谱分析表明S-Mep 4′-羟化代谢缺陷为常染色体隐性遗传。结论:S-Mep 4′-羟化代谢缺陷频发率东方人高于高加索人,遗传方式均为常染色体隐性遗传。     

不同剂量亚砷酸钠染毒大鼠多药耐药相关蛋白2表达水平的变化

目的观察不同剂量亚砷酸钠染毒大鼠肝细胞膜转运蛋白——多药耐药相关蛋白2(multidrugresistance-associatedprotein2,MRP2)表达水平的变化及与砷代谢的关系。方法24只健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为4组:第1组为对照组,给予生理盐水;第2～4组为染砷组,分别给予4、10和20mg/kg体质量的亚砷酸钠溶液,隔天灌胃染毒1次,2周后将大鼠处死。原子吸收分光光度法测定胆汁、全血和肝组织中的总砷含量。蛋白印记法测定肝细胞膜上MRP2的改变。结果经方差分析检验,胆汁和肝脏中含砷量随着染砷剂量的增加而逐渐增加(P<0.05)。两两比较发现,3个染毒组的血砷与对照组之间差异有统计学意义,而3个染毒组间差异无统计学意义。随着染砷剂量增加,MRP2表达有增加的趋势,且MRP2表达量与胆汁含砷量呈正相关(r=0.986,P<0.05)。结论亚砷酸钠可以诱导MRP2的表达,随染砷剂量增加,MRP2表达量增加。MRP2在砷及其代谢产物的胆汁排泄过程中发挥了重要作用。     

不同浓度健脾解毒中药对肝癌裸鼠的抗癌作用

[目的]探讨不同浓度健脾解毒中药对间接原位移植肝癌裸鼠模型的抗癌作用及最佳药效浓度。[方法]采用人肝细胞癌细胞株Bel-7402间接原位移植,造雄性肝癌裸鼠模型90只,造模后24h随机分9组,即不同浓度健脾解毒复方中药A、B、C、D、E、F、G组,替加氟207化疗（FT）组,0．85％氯化钠（NS）组,8周后处死裸鼠,观察各组荷瘤裸鼠的生存时间、体重变化、肿瘤形成情况、肝脾指数等。另外10只雄性裸鼠不造模作为正常对照（DZ）组。[结果]造模成功率为76．14％,实验结束获得有效病理标本67例,成瘤以多发小结节为主;各中药组的生存时间和生存率均优于FT组（P〈0．05）,中药D、E组的生存时间〉NS组（P〈0．05）;各中药组荷瘤裸鼠治疗后体重有增加（P〈0．05）,FT组治疗后体重明显下降（P〈0．05）;中药组的肝指数和脾指数均〉FT组（P〈0．05）。[结论]健脾解毒复方中药可以增加荷瘤裸鼠的体重,改善营养状态,延长带瘤生存时间。健脾解毒复方中药抗癌作用的有效范围为7．5～20．0g／kg。     

陆拯“调气解毒法”论治萎缩性胃炎的经验特色

陆拯主任中医师的学术思想体系极为注重毒理学说和脾胃学说,临证善治中医内、妇、儿等各科疑难杂病,对萎缩性胃炎的治疗经验颇具特色且疗效确切。"调气解毒法"是其论治萎缩性胃炎的主要方法之一,是针对萎缩性胃炎的病因病机特点而制定的治法。陆师通过辨毒邪作祟,析气机病变,创"毒证四层法",从病因、病机、治法三方面论述萎缩性胃炎中"调气解毒法"的具体施用,并示验案二则以说明临床应用。     

Randomized double-blinded and controlled clinical trial on treatment of HIV/AIDS by Zhongyan-4

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of Zhongyan-4 (ZY-4, a Chinese herbal preparation worked out according to the therapeutic principle of supplementing qi, nourishing Yin, clearing heat and detoxication) in treating HIV/AIDS patients in the early or middle stage.Methods: Adopted was randomized double-blinded and placebo-parallel-controlled method, with 72 HIV/AIDS patients randomly divided into the ZY-4 group (36 patients) treated with ZY-4 and the control group (36 patients) treated with placebo. The treatment course was six months. The index of CD ₄ ⁺ , CD ₈ ⁺ counts, body weight, clinical symptom scoring were estimated at 4 time points (0, 1, 3 and 6 month in the course), and also the viral load before and after treatment. The whole course of observation was completed in 63 patients, 30 in the ZY-4 group and 33 in the control group.Results: CD ₄ ⁺ count in the ZY-4 group got elevated by 7.70 ± 150.96/mm³ on average, while that in the control group lowered by 27.33 ± 85.28 /mm³. Fifteen out of the 30 patients in the ZY-4 group had their CD ₄ ⁺ count increased, which was evidently much higher than that in the control group (8/33,P<0.05), suggesting that the efficacy of ZY-4 is superior to that of placebo in elevating CD ₄ ⁺ count. Moreover, ZY-4 showed actions in elevating CD₄₅RA⁺ and CD ₈ ⁺ count, reducing HIV virus load, improving clinical symptom/sign and increasing body weight of patients. No obvious adverse reaction was found in the clinical trial.Conclusion: ZY-4 has an immunity-protective and/or rebuilding function in HIV/AIDS patients in the early and middle stage, and also shows effects in lowering viral load, increasing body weight and improving symptoms and signs to a certain degree. Supported by the Projects of Ministry of Science and Technology for 10th Five-year Plan (2001BA701A18)     

Abstracts

Abstract

A high performance liquid chromatography method has been used to study the plasma kinetics of atrazine in a human fatality after ingestion of a herbicide mix containing atrazine, aminotriazole, ethylene glycol and formaldehyde. A hemodialysis was performed in an effort to eliminate these toxic substances. The mean atrazine clearance over 4?h was 250 mL/min and the dialysance of atrazine was calculated as 76%. On autopsy, the kidney showed the highest concentration of atrazine (97.62 μg/g-¹ wet tissue) with lesser concentrations in the lung, small intestine and liver, and the lowest concentration in the heart.     

中西医结合治疗系统性红斑狼疮疗效观察附:41例病例报告

目的 探寻中西医结合治疗系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）的新方法。方法 采用中药滋阴清热解毒活血法配合小剂量激素与单纯应用激素疗法进行对照研究。结果 在总体疗效评估，病情评分，临床症状与体征的改善，实验异常指标的恢复，激素开始和最终用量以及治疗随访等一系列指标的比较方面，治疗组均优于对照组（P＜0．01或P＜0．05）。结论 中药滋阴清热解毒活血配合小剂量激素疗法对SLE的疗效，优于单纯激素疗法。     

碱化丁卡因溶液尿道粘膜表面麻醉的临床观察和药代动力学研究

１６例接受膀胱镜检的患者分为临床碱化组和临床对照组；将２０只家兔匀分为动物碱化组和动物对照组。碱化组均给予ｐＨ７．１５的１％丁卡因溶液，对照组给予ｐＨ５．１的１％丁卡因溶液。结果，临床碱化组麻醉效果优于临床对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。但临床对照组药液在血液中达峰时间（Ｔｐｅａｋ）快；峰浓度（Ｃｍａｘ）及血药浓度的各个时点均高于临床碱化组（Ｐ均＜０．０１）。两组中分布半衰期，消除半衰期无显著性差异。表现分布容积（Ｖｄ），药时曲线下面积（ＡＵＣ）和清除率（ＣＬ）有显著性差异（Ｐ均＜０．０１）。动物碱化组丁卡因在血中浓度低，而在膀胱组织中浓度高（Ｐ均＜０．０１）。认为碱化丁卡因具有效果好，毒性低和清除快的优点，用于临床尿道粘膜表面麻醉安全有效。     

清热解毒冲剂治疗痤疮的疗效分析

目的 探讨清热解毒冲剂对痤疮分级的临床疗效。方法 按改良国际分类将120例痤疮患者均等分为A组（Ⅰ级痤疮）、B组（Ⅱ级痤疮）、C组（Ⅲ级痤疮），D组（Ⅳ级痤疮），四组痤疮患者均2次／d服用清热解毒冲剂，同时服用维生素B6，6w后作疗效评估。结果 四组痤疮患者的临床疗效，经统计学处理，A组与B组两组疗效比较总有效率差异有较显著性（P＜0.01)；B组与D组两组疗效比较，总有效率差异有极显著性（P＜0.01)；C组与D组两组疗效比较，总有效率差异有较显著性（P＜0.01)。结论 清热解毒冲剂对中等程度痤疮（Ⅱ-Ⅲ级）疗效最显著，Ⅰ级痤疮的疗效次于Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级痤疮，Ⅳ级痤疮疗效最差。清热解毒冲剂有价格低，易服用，无副作用等优点。     

解毒排毒法内外合治毒蛇咬伤的临床研究

目的:探讨救治毒蛇咬伤的临床方法。方法:对毒蛇咬伤患者采用中医药解毒排毒法为主的综合治疗方法,观察其临床疗效。结果:69例患者治愈37例,显效16例,有效15例,死亡1例,总有效率98.5%,痊愈显效率76.8%。结论:解毒排毒法内外合治毒蛇咬伤具有良好的疗效。