强氧酸性离子水毒性试验研究

目的 了解新型消毒剂强氧酸性离子水的毒性。方法 采用一次性限量灌胃法测定急性经口ＬＤ５０;采用剂量递增蓄积系数法测定蓄积毒性;采用取样前３０小时、６小时两次给予受试物法测定其对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核形成的影响;用斑贴法测定其对动物的皮肤刺激强度;用棉条浸入法测定其对大鼠阴道粘膜的刺激强度。结果急性经口ＬＤ５０大于２１５００ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｂｗ,属实际无毒物,蓄积试验属弱蓄积性,对小鼠骨髓微核细胞未见损伤作用,对家兔皮肤和大鼠阴道粘膜无刺激。结论 强氧酸性离子水是一种安全的消毒剂。     

Airway irritation produced by volatile anaesthetics during brief inhalation: comparison of halothane,enflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane

Eleven male volunteers were studied to compare the airway irritation produced by the four anaesthetic agents: halothane, enflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane at two concentrations, equivalent to one and two MAC. Tidal volume, respiratory frequency and functional residual capacity changes induced by 15 sec inhalation of the anaesthetics were measured using respiratory inductive plethysmograph. Appearance of the cough reflex was also observed. The order of subjective airway irritation was evaluated by the volunteers. Inhalation of the anaesthetic agents induced a decrease in tidal volume, increase in respiratory frequency and decrease in functional residual capacity. Significant changes were considered to have occurred if tidal volume and respiratory frequency changed by more than 30% from the resting values for at least ten seconds, or if functional residual capacity changed by more than 30% of the value at resting tidal volume, for at least ten seconds. Each change was induced most frequently by isoflurane followed by enflurane, halothane and, least frequently, by sevoflurane. The orders of appearance of the cough reflex and of subjective airway irritation were similar. Sevoflurane did not elicit a cough reflex. It is concluded that sevoflurane was the least irritant anaesthetic and is considered to be the most suitable for inhalational induction of anaesthesia. Sept volontaires du sexe masculin font partie dune étude visant à comparer les ejfets irritants de quatre agents anesthésiques sur les voies respiratoires: l’halothane, l’enflurane, l’ isoflurane et le sévoflurane, à deux concentration qui équivalent soit à MAC 1, soit à MAC 2. On mesure les changements de volume courant, de fréquence respiratoire et de capacité résiduelle fonctionnelle à l’aide d’un pléthysmographie à induction. On note l’apparition du réflexe de toux. De plus, on évalue le degré subjectif d’irritation éprouvé par les sujets. L’inhalation d’agents anesthésiques cause une baisse du volume courant, une augmentation de la fréquence respiratoire et une diminution de la capacité résiduelle fonctionnelle. On considère significatifs les changements de volume courant et de fréquence respiratoire de plus de 30% des valeurs de repos pour au moins dix secondes, les changements de capacité résiduelle fonctionnelle de plus de 30% de sa valeur au volume courant de repos pour au moins dix secondes. Les changements sont initiés principalement par l’isoflurane, suivi par l’enflurane, l’halothane et moins fréquemment par le sévoflurane. L’ordre d’apparition du réflexe de toux et de l’impression subjective d’irritation des voies aériennes est identique. Le sévoflurane ne provoque pas de réflexe de toux. On conclut que le sévoflurane est le moins irritant des anesthesiques et qu’on peut le considerer comme celui qui convient le mieux à l’induction de l’anesthésie par inhalation.     

长效避孕栓剂对家兔的抗生育作用

目的和方法:是观察NP-9长效避孕栓(100mg/栓)于家兔阴道给药后15分钟和3.5小时的抗生育作用和连续7天给药的阴道刺激试验。结果:长效避孕栓无论在给药15分钟还是3.5小时交配避孕率均为100％。而生理盐水和赋型剂对照组避孕率分别为0％和40％。家兔阴道刺激试验结果表明:该栓剂阴道刺激炎症总分值为6.9,在可接受范围内。     

Use of sclera and liquid collagen in the camouflage of superior sulcus deformities

The cosmetic deformities following enucleation are often unavoidable. Loss of orbital volume and atrophy of orbital fat create significant enophthalmos. The literature is filled with numerous procedures that add to the orbital volume of the anophthalmic socket. An outline of three procedures to the upper eyelid to camouflage an enophthalmic appearance are presented. These can be used alone or in conjunction with an "orbital volume increasing" procedure. Two procedures can be used in an office setting to alleviate small deformities; 19 patients have been treated in this manner with a follow-up period of up to 26 months.     

Cutting oil dermatitis on guinea pig skin

The effect of repeated exposure of cutting oil on 8 guinea pigs' skin was evaluated by visual scoring for erythema and skin water vapour loss (SVL) measurement over a 6-week period. The visual scores (measuring severity of erythema) and SVL values were significantly higher on skin treated with cutting oils (positive control) compared to untreated skin (negative control) throughout the study period. The scores and SVL values returned to near-baseline values when cutting oil application was stopped. In addition, the effect of 2 "after-work" emollient creams on 8 guinea pigs' skin repeatedly treated with a cutting oil was assessed by similar methods. The visual scores and SVL values of guinea pig skin that was repeatedly treated with the cutting oil and moisturized with "after-work" emollient creams, were significantly higher than negative and positive control guinea pig skin. It appeared that the 2 "after-work" emollient creams do not alleviate the irritant effect of the cutting oil on guinea pig skin. They appeared to aggravate the irritant effect of the cutting oil.     

酸枣仁油的毒理学研究

目的：评价酸枣仁油的用药安全性。方法：常规毒性实验和血液生化检查。结果：酸枣仁油对大小鼠均未测出LD50，家兔皮肤刺激实验未见急性毒性反应。大鼠的体重、血液学检查、血液生化学检查无显著性差异，大鼠的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、肾上腺、胸腺、睾丸、子宫、卵巢等器官肉眼观察及病理切片先镜检查，均未发现明显病理改变。豚鼠皮肤、兔眼睛及阴道局部应用，未见明显刺激反应。豚鼠皮肤未见过敏反应。结论：临床应用酸枣仁油并无毒性。     

大鼠皮肤及毛囊骨桥蛋白研究

目的 对出生和出生后大鼠皮肤及毛囊的骨桥蛋白（ｏｓｔｅｏｐｏｎｔｉｎ）的ｍＲＮＡ进行研究。方法 确定妊齿１４～１８ｄ和出生后１～６１ｄ Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠毛周期,用放性同位素标记的原位杂交法牟大鼠皮肤和毛囊骨桥蛋白ｍＲＮＡ的分布和含量进行研究。结果 骨桥蛋白ｍＲＮＡ在大鼠出生后第１８天首次在真皮乳头（ｄｅｒｍａｌｐａｐｉｌｌａ,ＤＰ）细胞中出现,在各毛发周期中骨桥蛋白ｍＲＮＡ信号均出现一毛囊退化期Ｄ     

复方壬苯醇醚-9栓对家兔抗生育作用和阴道刺激性实验研究

目的:观察复方壬苯醇醚-9栓对家兔的抗生育作用和阴道刺激性。方法:采用改良Eckstein方法,对性成熟雌性家兔进行阴道刺激性研究。结果:家兔抗生育实验结果表明,高、中、低剂量实验药物组的避孕率分别为 100％、80％和60％;阴道刺激炎症总分值分别为4．3、3．5、3．0。结论:在实验应用剂量下壬苯醇醚-9抗生育作用及对阴道刺激性在可接受范围内。