Anatomical study of Lapidus arthrodesis using two different plantar plate systems

BackgroundFirst tarsometatarsal arthrodesis (modified Lapidus procedure) constitutes a sufficient treatment for moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity and first ray instability. The plantar plate arthrodesis was shown to provide superior mechanical stability and less postoperative complications than screw fixation or dorsal plating. Nevertheless, the in-brought hardware may cause irritation of the tibialis anterior or peroneus longus tendon requiring explantation of the material in some cases.The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of tendon irritation after plantar first tarsometatarsal joint arthrodesis in a cadaver study.MethodsPlantar plate arthrodesis was performed as in real surgery on twelve pairs of fresh frozen cadaveric feet. Two different plate systems were randomly allocated to each pair of feet. After plate fixation careful dissection of the feet followed to analyze potential tendon irritation and to determine a “safe zone” for plantar plate placement.ResultsA “safe zone” between the insertion sties of tibialis anterior and peroneus longus tendon was found and proven to be sufficiently exposed using a standard medio-plantar approach. Both plates were fixed in this zone without compromising central tendon parts. Peripheral tendon parts were irritated in 42% using Darco Plantar Lapidus Plating System® (Wright Medical, Memphis, TN) and in 8% using the Plantar Lapidus Plate® (Arthrex, Naples, FL). Bending of the anatomically preshaped plates is often necessary to ensure optimal fit on the bone surface.ConclusionsModified Lapidus procedure with plantar plating of the first tarsometatarsal joint can be performed safely without compromising central tendon parts via standard medio-plantar approach.Level of clinical evidence5, Cadaver Study.     

全麻胸腔镜下肺楔形切除术不留置导尿管可行性研究

目的减少全麻胸腔镜下肺楔形切除术后麻醉苏醒期导尿管所致的患者躁动。方法将182例全麻胸腔镜下肺楔形切除手术患者按照数字随机表法分为观察组(不留置导尿管)和对照组(留置导尿管),每组各91例。比较两组术后麻醉苏醒期躁动例数、患者术后恢复原有排尿型态时间、膀胱刺激征发生率、尿潴留发生率等情况。结果观察组术后恢复原有排尿型态时间显著短于对照组(P0.01),苏醒期躁动、膀胱刺激征发生率显著低于对照组(P0.05,P0.01)。两组术后尿潴留发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论全麻胸腔镜下肺楔形切除手术不留置导尿管没有增加患者术后尿潴留发生率,不仅有利于患者尽快恢复正常排尿,还能显著降低患者麻醉苏醒期躁动和膀胱刺激征发生率,减轻患者痛苦。     

金霉素眼膏在术前留置导尿中的应用效果

目的 探讨采用金霉素眼膏作为润滑剂在留置导尿中的应用效果.方法 将300例需术前留置尿管的患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各150例.对照组采用无菌石蜡油作为润滑剂,观察组在留置尿管时采用金霉素作为润滑剂,观察两组患者因留置导尿管导致的尿道刺激症状、菌尿阳性率进行比较.结果 观察组与对照组在术后6h、术后12h、术后24h、术后36 h各时间点两组患者尿路刺激症状比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;两组菌尿阳性差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 采用金霉素眼膏作为留置尿管时的润滑剂,对减轻手术患者术前因留置尿管引起的尿路刺激症、尿路感染有明显效果.     

稳定性二氧化氯喷雾剂对家兔皮肤的刺激性实验

目的考察稳定性二氧化氯喷雾剂局部经皮给药的安全性。方法将健康家兔背部两侧对称脱毛3 cm×3 cm后,每次给予二氧化氯喷雾剂0.5 ml,对其完整皮肤和破损皮肤分别进行单次给药及多次给药的皮肤刺激性试验。结果该喷雾剂对于家兔完整皮肤和破损皮肤单次给药及多次给药后于1、24、48、72 h观察均无红肿或斑块出现。结论本试验条件下二氧化氯喷雾剂局部经皮给药无明显不良反应,表明安全性良好。为二氧化氯喷雾剂用于临床经皮给药提供可靠的试验依据和安全保障,为临床经皮给药提供一种新的二氧化氯新剂型。     

人体生物敷料在腹腔开放治疗中的临床疗效

目的 探讨人体生物敷料（灭活的同种异体皮肤）作为腹腔开放临时覆盖物的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2014年1月南京军区南京总医院收治的44例因外伤行腹腔开放治疗患者的临床资料.所有患者腹腔开放后以改良三明治法作为临时关腹技术.2011年1月至2012年12月共33例行腹腔开放治疗患者采用凡士林纱布为腹腔临时覆盖物,设为凡士林纱布组（33例）;2013年1月至2014年1月共11例行腹腔开放治疗患者采用人体生物敷料为腹腔临时覆盖物,设为人体生物敷料组（11例）.采用门诊和电话随访,随访时间截至2014年10月.比较两组患者肠道空气瘘发生率、植皮时间、术前和术后2周内血液感染学指标（WBC、中性粒细胞所占比例、降钙素原及C反应蛋白）,住院时间、住院费用以及总体预后.计量资料比较采用独立样本t检验和重复测量方差分析;率或构成比的比较采用Fisher确切概率法.结果 凡士林纱布组患者中,肠道空气瘘发生率为42.4％（14/33）,人体生物敷料组患者中无一例出现肠道空气瘘,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.凡士林纱布组植皮时间为（15±6）d,人体生物敷料组为（11±3）d,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（t =2.10,P＜0.05）.凡士林纱布组患者术前、术后第1、3、7、14天降钙素原分别为（1.20±0.60） μg/L、（2.50±0.90） μg/L、（1.70±0.30） μg/L,（1.90±0.40） μg/L、（2.70±0.60）μg/L,显著高于人体生物敷料组的（0.90 ±0.30） μg/L、（1.80±0.60） μg/L、（1.30 ±0.50） μg/L、（0.60±0.20） μg/L、（0.30±0.07） μg/L,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（F=8.50,P＜0.05）;两组患者WBC、中性粒细胞所占比例和C反应蛋白分别由术前的（13.8±2.4）×10^9/L和（12.9±2.1）×10^9/L、0.90±0.09和0.88 ±0.06、（81±19） mg/L和（136±28） mg/L变化为术后第14天的（16.2±3.3）×10^9/L和（7.9±3.0）×10^9/L?     

HSP27 as a biomarker for predicting skin irritation in human skin and reconstructed organotypic skin model

In vitro alternative tests aiming at replacing the traditional animal test for predicting the irritant potential of chemicals have been developed, but the assessing parameters or endpoints are still not sufficient. To discover novel endpoints for skin irritation responses, 2DE-based proteomics was used to analyze the protein expression in human skin exposed to sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) following the test protocol of the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM) in the present study. HSP27 was up-regulated most significantly among the eight identified proteins, consistent with our previous reports. Acid and basic chemicals were applied on human skin for further validation and results showed that the up-regulated expression of HSP27 was induced in 24 h after the exposure. Skin-equivalent constructed with fibroblasts, basement membrane and keratinocytes was used to investigate the potential of HSP27 as a biomarker or additional endpoint for the hazard assessment of skin irritation. Our skin-equivalent (Reconstructed Organotypic Skin Model, ROSM) had excellent epidermal differentiation and was suitable for the skin irritation test. HSP27 also displayed an up-regulated expression in the ROSM in 24 h after the irritants exposure for 15 min. All these results suggest that HSP27 may represent a potential marker or additional endpoint for the hazard assessment of skin irritation caused by chemical products.