Laparoscopic ileovesicostomy

PURPOSE: We present our initial experience with laparoscopic ileovesicostomy for managing neurogenic bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 5 port transperitoneal approach was used for laparoscopic ileovesicostomy. After bladder preparation a 17 cm. ileal segment was harvested and used as the urinary conduit. Ileovesical anastomosis was formed using intracorporeal suturing and knot tying techniques. RESULTS: Operative time was 4 hours. Blood loss was less than 100 ml. Physical activity and oral intake resumed on postoperative day 1 and the patient was discharged home on postoperative day 3. The postoperative narcotic requirement was 4 mg. morphine sulfate equivalent. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic ileovesicostomy in this initial experience was associated with acceptable operative time and minimal postoperative morbidity. It may serve as an excellent minimally invasive alternative to conventional open ileovesicostomy.     

Urodynamic findings in boys with posterior urethral valves after treatment with primary valve ablation or vesicostomy and delayed ablation

PURPOSE: Primary valve ablation and temporary vesicostomy with delayed valve ablation are alternative initial management procedures in neonates and infants with posterior urethral valves. To investigate whether initial vesicostomy followed by delayed valve ablation and simultaneous vesicostomy closure may lead to more alterations in bladder function than primary valve ablation only we retrospectively compared postoperative urodynamic findings in 2 small groups of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1980 to 1990, 15 male infants 19 days to 34 months old with posterior urethral valves were treated with 1 of 2 initial surgical approaches, including valve ablation only in 8 (group 1), and primary vesicostomy and delayed valve ablation associated with concomitant vesicostomy closure in 7 (group 2). Mean age at valve ablation and vesicostomy in groups 1 and 2 was 10.8 +/- 11.2 months (range 1 to 35) and 55.4 +/- 43.3 days (range 19 to 151), respectively. Average duration of vesicostomy diversion was 33.6 +/- 18.8 months (range 14 to 70). All patients underwent conventional urodynamics postoperatively using normal saline at room temperature. In groups 1 and 2 mean age at followup was 11.5 +/- 6.6 (range 5 to 16.2) and 9. 4 +/- 3.1 (range 4.10 to 14) years, respectively. Controls comprised 46 age matched males who underwent urodynamics using similar methodology. RESULTS: Postoperative urodynamic assessment of maximum cystometric bladder capacity and the incidence of detrusor instability in each treatment group were not statistically different. In group 1 bladder capacity was significantly higher than that in controls (p <0.0001). In group 2 mean end filling detrusor pressure was increased compared with that in group 1 (29 cm. water, range 15 to 60 versus 8, range 4 to 21). Compliance was significantly lower in group 2 than in group 1 (p <0.0005). Analysis of detrusor voiding pressure at maximum flow was not significantly different in the 2 groups. We noted detrusor under activity in 1 group 1 and 2 group 2 cases. In these patients post-void residual urine volume was 8% to 66% of cystometric bladder capacity. However, only 1 of these 3 patients who required augmentation cystoplasty needed intermittent catheterization. Urodynamic patterns of outflow obstruction developed in 1 patient in each group, including urethral stricture and bladder neck obstruction. At followup we observed no difference in renal function impairment in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our retrospective study of rapid filling cystometry suggests that primary valve ablation for posterior urethral valves is associated with a better bladder function outcome than that in patients treated with vesicostomy and delayed valve ablation. Therefore, although cutaneous vesicostomy may be performed as initial management of posterior urethral valves, primary valve ablation is the most effective surgical option in these cases.     

腔镜辅助下微创经皮膀胱穿刺造瘘术的临床应用

目的探讨膀胱镜、电切镜、输尿管镜辅助直视下经皮膀胱穿刺造瘘术的临床应用疗效和安全性。方法对我院80例从2007年10月到2011年12月采用膀胱镜或电切镜、输尿管镜辅助直视下行经皮膀胱穿刺造瘘术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 80例患者均穿刺造瘘成功,手术时间平均25min,估计术中失血量约3mL,术后均无明显手术并发症。结论腔镜辅助下微创经皮膀胱穿刺造瘘术具有安全性高、操作简单、创伤小、微出血、并发症少、疗效满意等优点,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

更换膀胱造瘘管并发症105例分析

目的分析更换膀胱造瘘管并发症的原因并探讨解决方案。方法回顾分析105例更换膀胱造瘘管并发症,按不同原因分类,记录各类并发症发生率、临床表现、导致后果、解决方案。结果本组病例膀胱造瘘管拔出失败29例（27.6%）,膀胱造瘘管位置异常28例（26.7%）,出血26例（24.8%）,膀胱造瘘管引流不畅21例（20%）,膀胱穿孔1例（0.95%）.经相应处理,患者均成功更换膀胱造瘘管。结论更换膀胱造瘘管存在发生并发症的风险,定期更换、采用合理的操作程序并及时发现处理并发症可降低风险。     

Easily Removable Ureteral Catheters for Internal Drainage in Children: A Preliminary Report

Purpose

We review our experience using a new and easily removable ureteral catheter in patients who underwent complicated ureteral reimplantation. Our goal was to shorten hospital stay and lower anxiety during catheter removal without fear of postoperative ureteral obstruction.

Materials and Methods

Between April 2009 and September 2010, nine patients who underwent our new method of catheter removal after ureteral reimplantation were enrolled. Patients who underwent simple ureteral reimplantation were excluded from the study. Following ureteral reimplantation, a combined drainage system consisting of a suprapubic cystostomy catheter and a ureteral catheter was installed. Proximal external tubing was clamped with a Hem-o-lok clamp and the rest of the external tubing was eliminated. Data concerning the age and sex of each patient, reason for operation, method of ureteral reimplantation, and postoperative parameters such as length of hospital stay and complications were recorded.

Results

Of the nine patients, four had refluxing megaureter, four had a solitary or non-functional contralateral kidney and one had ureteral stricture due to a previous anti-reflux operation. The catheter was removed at postoperative week one. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 2.4 days (range 1-4 days), and the mean follow-up was 9.8 months. None of the patients had postoperative ureteral obstructions, and there were no cases of migration or dislodgement of the catheter.

Conclusion

Our new method for removing the ureteral catheter would shorten hospital stays and lower levels of anxiety when removing ureteral catheters in patients with a high risk of postoperative ureteral obstruction.     

膀胱造瘘术联合改良尿道腔内剜除术治疗老年前列腺增生疗效分析

目的探讨膀胱造瘘术联合改良尿道腔内剜除术(M-PKEP)治疗老年前列腺增生的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年1月河北省沧州中西医结合医院收治的90例老年前列腺增生患者的临床资料,按照手术方案的不同分为4组:A组患者采用经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP),B组患者采用膀胱造瘘术联合TURP,C组患者采用M-PKEP,D组患者采用膀胱造瘘术联合M-PKEP。比较4组患者围手术期及并发症发生情况,记录术前及术后3、6个月的IPSS、残余尿量(RUV)、最大尿流率(Qmax)及生活质量(QOL)评分水平。结果各组患者术中出血量、膀胱冲洗时间及术后住院时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中D组患者术中出血量、膀胱冲洗时间及术后住院时间均最少;术后3、6个月4组患者IPSS及RUV较术前均明显降低,Qmax较术前明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中D组患者IPSS、RUV最低,Qmax最高;4组患者并发症发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中B组患者并发症发生率最高;术后3、6个月4组患者QOL较术前均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3个月4组患者QOL比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中D组患者QOL最低。结论膀胱造瘘术联合M-PKEP治疗前列腺增生可显著提高临床疗效,降低并发症发生率,改善患者生活质量。     

膀胱针刺造瘘在经尿道前列腺汽化电切术中的应用(附32例报告)

目的总结膀胱针刺造瘘配合尿道前列腺汽化电切术治疗前列腺增生症的经验。方法．采用单纯汽化电极和汽化切割电极配合膀胱针刺造瘘施行经尿道前列腺汽化电切术32例。结果平均切除腺体28．5(19．5—60．2)g，平均手术时间50(30—110)min，手术结束时血钠浓度平均为133．5(132．0-136．5)mmol／L。结论膀胱针刺造瘘配合经尿道前列腺汽化电切术，操作简单，创伤小，能降低膀胱内压，增加灌洗液流量，使视野更清晰，同时减少灌洗液的吸收，避免膀胱逼尿肌损害，降低经尿道电切综合征等并发症的发生率，效果确切。     

基于行为转变理论的居家护理对永久性膀胱造瘘患者生活质量的影响

目的 探讨基于行为转变理论的居家护理对永久性膀胱造瘘患者生活质量的影响.方法 选取2018年6月至2019年6月安徽济民肿瘤医院收治的74例永久性膀胱造瘘患者.按出院顺序分为对照组(2018年6月至2018年12月出院,n=37)和观察组(2019年1月至2019年6月出院,n=37).对照组采取常规居家护理,观察组采用基于行为转变理论的居家护理,比较干预前后两组研究对象心理状况、自护能力、自我感受负担和疾病感知程度和生活质量的差异.结果 干预后观察组焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、自我感受负担评分低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后观察组健康知识评分、自护责任感、自我概念、自护技能评分、疾病感知程度评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).多因素重复测量资料方差分析,干预后2、4、6个月观察组SF-36评分较干预前增高(时间效应P<0.05);干预后观察组SF-36评分高于对照组(组间效应P<0.05);干预措施和时间存在交互作用(P<0.05).结论 基于行为转变理论的居家护理可明显减轻永久性膀胱造瘘患者的负性情绪、自我感受负担,并有效提高患者的疾病感知程度、自护能力和生活质量.