Study on Bone Mineral Density and its Influencing Factors among 1 214 Older Adults in Xuhui District, Shanghai

Osteoporosis is a common disease in older adults. The basic evidence for the diagnosisof osteoporosis is the decrease of bone mineral density (BMD) [1]. Studies showed that the risk of fractures would rise as the bone mineral density decreased, and the me…     

微创内固定系统治疗复杂股骨转子部骨折的初步报告

目的探讨微创内固定系统(LISS)治疗复杂股骨转子部骨折的可行性、手术技术及指征,并总结其近期临床治疗效果。方法自2005年6月～2006年5月,应用LISS治疗复杂股骨转子部骨折12例。骨折采用AO分类法,其中转子间骨折5例：31-A2．2型2例,31-A2．3型2例,31-A3．3型1例；转子下骨折7例：32-A3．1型1例,32-B1．1型3例,32-B2．1型1例,32-B3．1型2例。记录手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间,术后观察有无感染、下肢深静脉血栓、心肺疾患、应激性溃疡等并发症。术后1、2、3、6、12个月时常规随访。结果手术时间50～90 min,平均65 min；出血量50～400 mL,平均142 mL,术后住院时间6～15 d,平均9．3 d。无死亡病例。所有患者均未出现切口感染、下肢深静脉血栓、术后心肺疾患、应激性溃疡等并发症。12例均获得3～14个月(平均7．2个月)随访。10例在术后3个月复查骨折时达到临床愈合,1例假体周围骨折术后4个月、1例病理性骨折术后6个月达到临床愈合。所有患者在最后一次随访时均无骨折再移位、髋内翻畸形、内固定切出、内固定失败及股骨头坏死。结论微创反向使用股骨LISS从生物力学和解剖结构上都能满足股骨近端骨折内固定要求,并具有创伤小、操作简便、固定可靠、安全性高、并发症少的特点,尤其适用于老年人合并内科疾病、骨质疏松较重的转子间骨折及复杂的股骨近端骨折。熟练掌握间接复位技术,正确放置A孔导针,避免过早负重是手术成功的关键。     

Inhibition of hepatitis B virus DNA replicative intermediate forms by recombinant interferon-γ

AIM: To evaluate the in vitro anti-HBV activity of recombinant human IFN-γ, alone and in combination with lamivudine. METHODS: A recombinant baculovirus-HBV/HepG2 culture system was developed which could support productive HBV infection in vitro. Expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in infected HepG2 culture medium was detected by commercial enzyme immunoassays. HBV DNA replication intermediates were detected in infected cells by Southern hybridization and viral DNA load was determined by dot hybridization. RESULTS: IFN-γat 0.1 to 5μg/L efficiently down regulated HBsAg expression in transduced HepG2 cells. At 5μg/L, IFN-γalso suppressed HBV DNA replication in these cells. While treatment with a combination of lamivudine and IFN-γshowed no additive effect, sequential treatment first with lamivudine and then IFN-γwas found to be promising. In this culture system the best HBV suppression was observed with a pulse of 2μmol/L lamivudine for two days, followed by 1μg/L IFN-γfor another four days. Compared to treatment with lamivudine alone, the sequential use of 0.2μmol/L lamivudine for two days, followed by 5μg/L IFN-γfor six days showed a 72% reduction in HBV cccDNA pool. CONCLUSION: This in vitro study warrants further evaluation of a combination of IFN-γand lamivudine, especially in IFN-αnon-responder chronic hepatitis B patients. A reduced duration of lamivudine treatment would also restrict the emergence of drug-resistant HBV mutants.     

人胎肌来源的生物因子抗肿瘤活性实验研究

研究人胚胎横纹肌条件培养液产生的生物因子（ＡＴＰ－ＦＭＣＭ）抗瘤活性。观察发现ＡＴＦ对８种肿瘤细胞株体外增殖有抑制作用。对ＢＧＣ－８２３等６种瘤细胞的抑制率均有５２％￣９４％之间。其中对ＢＧＣ－８２３、Ｖ－７２２１和Ｈｅｌａ３株瘤细胞的抑制率最高，分别为９４％、９３％和８５％。整体抑瘤实验证实，ＡＴＦ能明显减轻Ｓ－１８０荷瘤小鼠腹水的严重程度，生存时间延长，并能有效抑制ＬＡ－７９５肺腺癌荷瘤小鼠的     

Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay of Pro-gastrin-releasing Peptide for Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients in Comparison with Neuron-specific Enolase Measurement

Our previous study demonstrated that pro-gastrin-releasing peptide(31–98), or ProGRP, is a specific tumor marker in patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Using a newly developed, highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for ProGRP, we analyzed 1,446 samples including those obtained from 478 lung cancer patients to evaluate the clinical usefulness of this ELISA. Several properties indicated that ProGRP is a useful tumor marker for SCLC. First, ProGRP was specifically elevated in SCLC patients. In non-SCLC patients and patients with non-tumorous lung diseases, its serum level was very rarely elevated. Secondly, ProGRP was a reliable marker, in terms of the marked elevation of serum ProGRP levels in SCLC patients. Thirdly, serum ProGRP levels were elevated in SCLC patients even at a relatively early stage of this disease. Fourthly, changes in the serum ProGRP level showed an excellent correlation with the therapeutic responses in SCLC patients. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is accepted as a tumor marker of SCLC patients. With the aim of comparing ProGRP and NSE as tumor markers for SCLC patients, we measured serum NSE levels in all samples collected in the present study. We found that ProGRP was superior to NSE in terms of sensitivity, specificity and reliability. Therefore, we consider that ProGRP can play a major role as a clinical tumor marker for SCLC patients.     

SARS胸部影像表现与评价(附75例分析)

目的：回顾分析75例严重急性呼吸综合症(SARS)病例，探讨该病影像学表现及其与临床治疗有关的问题。方法：全部75例患者均行胸片检查，一般隔日行影像追踪复查。结果：胸部X线表现为肺实质渗出病灶为主，肺内网状改变及肺门片块影较少。影像表现与临床病程有一定关系。结论：胸部影像表现以肺实质渗出病灶较常见。胸片检查是进行本病诊断和评估病程及疗效的重要方法。     

皮质激素对人体血管收缩试验的研究

在20名正常人前臂内侧涂以4种以清凉油为基质含不同浓度地塞米松(0.1、0.05、0.025、0.0125%)的皮炎速灵油膏,并以清凉油作阴性对照,地塞米松软膏作阳性对照。采用改良的Mckenzie和Stoughton法,将六种药剂涂于同一个体,以消除个体间反应差异。涂药后3h拭去药物,再经2、3、4、5、7、9及21h进行观察并打分,在双盲条件下根据用药部位发白情况由3名评估者对每名受试者独立打分,应用Wilcoxon等经典秩和试验法进行统计分析,结果显示清凉油和所有含地塞米松的制剂之间存在着非常显著的差异,并对受试者反应和评估者打分的变异系数进行了计算。我们的体会是血管收缩试验在黄种人也是可行的,而这种打分系统只要提供足够数量的受试者,特别适宜于应用Wilcoxon等统计方法。     

76例宫颈癌组织中人类乳头瘤病毒的检测

本文应用ＨＰＶ－ＰＣＲ技术和ＤＮＡ杂交技术对７６例宫颈鳞癌标本进行了ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ的研究，发现ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ存在率为９０．７９％（６９／７６），主要类型为ＨＰＶ１６和１８。多酶切ＳｏｕｔｈｅｒｎＢｌｏｔ杂交证实在宫颈癌中９２．５６％的ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ发生变异，说明ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ的基因变异与其致癌作用密切相关。ＰＣＲ结果证实ＨＰＶ－Ｅ６片段在宫颈癌组织中常可出现，推测可能是致癌的关键片段之一。因此，检测宫颈癌组织中ＨＰＶ－ＤＮＡ的完整性、关键基因片段的存在与否，可能对于病变恶变的预测有一定的意义     

Patients seeking symmetrical recontouring for “Perceived” deformities in the width of the face and skull

This article describes plastic surgery patients who sought symmetrical recontouring of the width of the face and skull. The basic demographic and personality characteristics of these facial width deformity (FWD) patients and the surgical procedures performed on them are discussed. Details of the surgical and psychological management of three representative cases are given. Speculative conclusions regarding the general characteristics of the FWD population are offered. Suggestions are proposed for a combined surgical-medical psychotherapeutic collaboration in managing these patients.     

亚硒酸钠对荷Lewis肺癌小鼠癌组织和肝组织溶酶体的作用研究

用差速离心方法分离提取荷Lewis肺癌小鼠癌组织和肝组织富含溶酶体部分,并以溶酶体标志酶酸性磷酸酶(ACP)的游离酶和总酶活性比值作为观察溶酶体膜稳定性变化的指标,观察了亚硒酸钠对两种组织ACP酶活性和膜稳定性的影响。发现硒对癌组织和肝组织ACP活性的异常升高有抑制作用、稳定溶酶体膜,在癌瘤增殖前期作用明显(P<0.05)。提示这种拮抗效应与硒直接和间接的抗脂质过氧化有关。