B超引导下经皮肺穿刺针吸活检对周围型肺肿块的诊断价值

目的探讨Ｂ超引导下经皮肺穿刺针吸活检对周围型肺肿块的诊断价值。方法对３１例患者施行Ｂ超引导肺穿刺针吸活检５６次，进行细胞学和细菌学检查。结果穿刺取材成功率为９３．６％，所获细胞学资料与手术病理诊断或临床治疗随访对照，定性诊断符合率为８９．７％。结论该诊断方法简便实用，并发症轻微，适于临床推广应用。     

31例卵巢恶性畸胎瘤临床分析

本文报道了我院收治的卵巢恶性畸胎瘤３１例，随访中２例失访，随访率为９３．５３％。并讨论了卵巢恶性畸瘤的治疗方式为手术加联合化疗，对年轻的Ｉ期患者可行患侧单侧附件切除术，术后化疗极为重要。化疗方法采用ＶＡＣ或ＰＶＢ方案联合化疗，本文还 影响预后的重要因素为临床分期期和病理学特点．     

鼻部源性突眼的CT分析

目的：为了提高对鼻部源性突眼的认识。材料和方法：本文19例鼻部源性突眼，其中鼻咽癌7例，鼻咽纤维血管瘤2例，鼻腔纤维血管瘤、恶性肉芽肿和嗅神经母细胞瘤各1例，上颌窦癌和软骨肉瘤各2例，上颌窦恶性肉芽肿、纤维肉瘤和恶性纤维组织细胞瘤各1例，全部病例均作轴位CT扫描，12例加作增强扫描，详细分析了它们CT表现。结果：源于鼻咽的放疗前鼻咽癌和纤维血管瘤，其病变主要位于鼻咽腔和咽旁，后者显著增强并有钙斑，与前者不同；源于上颌窦的肿瘤，病变占据上颌窦的全部或大部分，软骨肉瘤有钙斑且无强化，易与其它肿瘤区别，它们破坏上颌窦顶部进入眼眶；鼻腔嗅神经母细胞瘤在鼻腔和筛窦形成肿块，破坏筛骨眶板侵入眼眶。结论：根据CT所见，可判断突眼原因。     

Localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of a cerebellar tumor in a two-year-old child

Noninvasive localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used for differential diagnosis of a focal brain lesion in a 2.5-year-old girl. The clinical signs were a mild head tilt and neck pain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a lesion in the right hemisphere of the cerebellum, but its nature remained obscure. In this lesion quantitative determinations of cerebral metabolites by fully relaxed, short-echo-time proton MRS revealed markedly lowered N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and pronounced elevations of choline-containing compounds (Cho) and myo-inositol (Ins), whereas metabolite concentrations in cortical gray matter and white matter were within normal ranges. The metabolite pattern of the lesion indicated loss of vital neuroaxonal tissue (low NAA) and enhanced glial proliferation (high Cho and Ins), which, together with the MRI morphology, suggested a brain tumor. The diagnosis was established by neurosurgical exploration and total extirpation of the tumor. Histology confirmed an astrocytoma (WHO II). After 2 weeks' recovery the child was discharged with no neurological signs.     

便携式多普勒血管探测仪在皮瓣移植中的应用

目的 :研究皮瓣移植前简单、可靠的血管探测的方法。方法 :在皮瓣移植前 ,以 HADECO ES-1 0 0 0 SPM多普勒血管探测仪对皮瓣血管蒂及皮动脉进行探测 ,与术中皮动脉探查结果进行比较 ,考察术前血管探测的准确性和意义。结果 :皮瓣血管蒂及皮动脉术前探测与术中探查结果完全一致。结论 :便携式血管多普勒仪是皮瓣移植前 ,简单、可靠的血管探测的仪器 ,根据探测结果进行皮瓣设计 ,有效地降低了手术失败的风险     

联合菌苗抗肿瘤作用的初步探讨

目的 :探讨联合菌苗防治肿瘤的作用。方法采用动物体内实验 ,动物为封闭群KM小鼠 ,菌株为 2 6 0 0 3- 2 1、4 482 4 - 3及 932 0 1- 3,瘤种为S180 。所有实验小鼠接种S180 后 ,按随机对照试验设计分成 5组 ,即三个不同的单价菌苗组、一个联合菌苗组及一个对照组 ,同期观察联合菌苗对S180 增长的影响。结果 :三个不同的单价菌苗组及联合菌苗组的平均瘤重均比对照组低 ,联合菌苗组的平均瘤重比单价菌苗组的更低 ,差异均有高度统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1～ 0 .0 0 1) ;三个不同单价菌苗组的抑瘤率分别为 5 0 .6 %、4 8.3%、4 5 .5 % ,联合菌苗组抑瘤率为 75 .0 %。结论 :实验所选用的菌苗能抑制S180 的增长 ,联合菌苗的效果更好     

儿童原发性腹膜后恶性肿瘤的诊断与治疗

分析原发性腹膜后恶性肿瘤１２例。８３％以腹块和腹痛为主要症状，体征中腹块占９１．５％，以恶性淋巴瘤居首位占６１％。全组完全切除率为５８％，行脏器联合切除占２５％。完全切除加放疗、化疗３年存活率为２８．５％，部分切除及活检未给其它治疗者５例预后差，均１年内死亡，差别显著。     

Uptake of Adriamycin in tumour and surrounding brain tissue in patients with malignant gliomas

Summary Eight patients with malignant gliomas verified on CT scan, received an intravenous injection of 50 mg of Adriamycin R, 24 hours prior to surgical removal of the tumour. Peroperatively, both tumour and surrounding tissue specimens were obtained for determination of the tissue concentrations of Adriamycin and its reduced metabolite Adriamycinol. It was found that Adriamycin could be detected in tumour tissue from all patients. The concentration varied between 0,9 and 4,6 nmol/g tissue. In contrast, Adriamycin could only be detected in surrounding brain tissue from one patient.In anin vitro study a human malignant glioma cell line (U-251 MG) was exposed to various concentrations of Adriamycin for 24 hours. It was found that an intracellular drug concentration above 30 nmol/g cells caused a concentration dependent inhibition of cell growth. Thus, it is likely that the poor effect of Adriamycin on patients with malignant gliomas is due to an ineffective drug accumulation in the tumour tissue.     

Modulation of ryanodine-induced contractures in human skeletal muscle pretreated with dantrolene

Dantrolene seems to be the causal therapy in malignant hyperthermia (MH) crisis but the complex mechanisms of MH and dantrolene therapy are still not fully understood. The influence of dantrolene on ryanodine-induced contractures has been reported in animal studies only. In the present study 20 patients from] 7 families were tested for MH using the protocol of the European Malignant Hyperthermia Group. In addition ryanodine-induced contractures were evaluated following bolus application of 10.0 μmol · 1^-1 ryanodine. After pretreatment with 1 μimol · 1^-1 dantrolene ryanodine-provoked contractures developed significantly later in MHS (15.8±1.8 min) and MHN (46.0±4.2 min) muscle specimens than after ryanodine alone (MHS 4.8±0.7 min), (MHN 13.7±0.9 min). They were no longer observed in either group after pretreatment with 5 μimol · 1^-1 dantrolene. We conclude that dantrolene is able to attenuate ryanodine-induced contractures dose-dependendy, and therefore it is speculated that dantrolene could specifically act at the ryanodine receptor binding site.