Monocyte CD14 response following endotoxin exposure in cotton spinners and office workers

BACKGROUND: Monocyte cell surface CD14 acts as the major lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding structure, and as such is of interest in the etiology of LPS induced disease. METHODS: The objective was to assess change in monocyte cell surface CD14 and CD4+ CD25+ lymphocytes in a group of cotton workers exposed to LPS over a working week, and to compare this to changes in office workers. Twenty-five cotton workers and nine office workers were studied. Monocyte CD14 fluorescence was measured by flow cytometry, on samples taken pre-shift on a Monday morning (baseline/pre-exposure), and subsequently after 6 and 72 hr. The majority of cotton workers were exposed to at least 1 EU/m(3) of endotoxin over a working shift, and some highly exposed (between 100 and 400 EU/m(3)). RESULTS: After 6 hr of work in the mill, cotton workers developed a significant upregulation in CD14 in comparison to office workers (P = 0.016), whereas CD14 expression had returned to levels not significantly differing from the office workers at 72 hr after first work exposure (P = 0.426). CONCLUSIONS: We propose that CD14 expression on monocytes may help to determine the mechanism of action of lipopolysaccharide in producing respiratory ill health, and may ultimately play a role in monitoring the health effect associated with LPS exposure in the workplace.     

医用棉布护理贴辅料联合除湿合剂治疗面部皮炎的效果

目的 探究医用棉布护理贴辅料联合除湿合剂治疗面部皮炎的临床效果。方法 选取2021年 1月-2022年6月于邳州市中医院门诊就诊的88例面部皮炎患者为研究对象,依照随机数字表法分为观察 组与对照组,每组44例。对照组予以除湿合剂治疗,观察组予以医用棉布护理贴辅料联合除湿合剂治 疗,比较两组临床疗效、皮肤红斑面积与经皮水分的丢失量、症状评分。结果 观察组治疗总有效率高于 对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组皮肤红斑面积小于对照组,经皮水分丢失量少于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组 皮肤瘙痒、灼热疼痛、肿胀潮红、干燥脱屑症状评分均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 医用棉布护理贴辅 料联合除湿合剂治疗面部皮炎效果确切,可积极改善症状,促进皮损及屏障功能恢复,值得临床应用。     

Efficacy of the cytobrush method in aged patients

To evaluate the efficacy of the Cytobrush method in aged patients, a comparative study between the Cytobrush smears and cotton swab smears from the uterine cervix was performed. Consecutive 319 cotton swab smears of the endocervix were attempted on aged patients (60-98 yr, average 77.5 yr) from 1987 to 1988 (A group). Subsequently 391 endocervical smears were attempted by the Cytobrush on aged patients (60-100 yr, average 76.9 yr) from 1988 to 1990 (B group). The Cytobrush method was more effective in the following two points: (1) The rate of insert-impossible case in B group (7.2%) was lower than A group (12.5%). (2) The rate of case containing endocervical columnar cells increased in B group (64.7%) compared with A group (47.7%). In contrast, benign epithelial fragments (BFs) were observed in 6.8% of A, in 28.4% of B group. In smears positive for squamous cancer, malignant epithelial fragments (MFs) were noted in 24.5% of A, and 55.1% of B group. Consequently, the differential diagnosis of MFs from BFs is of more importance on the Cytobrush smears of aged patients. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

钡棉检查在食道异物诊治中引起的并发症

目的：探讨钡棉检查给食道异物疾病诊治带来的影响。方法回顾性分析我科近10年来收住的27例钡棉检查给食道异物诊治带来影响的病例资料。结果5例出现钡剂误吸入肺导致钡肺,12例因钡剂残留至食道壁导致误诊,10例因钡剂从破损食道壁溢出致食管周围炎与纵隔脓肿。结论钡棉检查有一定的禁忌证,恰当的掌握适应证有助于减少并发症的发生。     

共振光散射法测定环境水中痕量镉

目的：结合巯基棉分离富集方法，建立一种测定水中痕量镉的共振光散射新方法。方法：在碱性介质中，Cd^2 与S^2 形成CdS纳米微粒，在TritonX-100存在下，共振光散射(RIS)明显增强．研究了体系的吸收光谱和共振光散射光谱持性，将此体系成功地应用于水中痕量镉的测定。结果：在实验最适条件下，RLS增强程度与Cd^2 的浓度在0．067～20．00μg／ml范围内具有良好的线性关系(r=0．9991)。方法榆出限20．11ng/ml：相对标准偏差0．86％～1．91％；样品加标回收率92．75％～103．50％。结论：方法简便、测定体系抗干扰的效果好，灵敏度高。     

Laser Treatment of Cotton Fabric for Durable Antibacterial Properties of Silver Nanoparticles

In the present study, cotton fabric was exposed to laser exposure at different energy levels and then the silver nanoparticles were coated on untreated and laser treated cotton fabrics. Methylene blue dye was used to detect the presence of carboxylic acid groups (-COO⁻) on laser treated cotton and the dye absorption results were determined spectrophotometrically. ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy) analysis and antibacterial tests were carried out to investigate the silver ion content and bactericidal properties of silver nanoparticles on cotton fabrics. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR/ATR) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to identify chemical changes and to study the morphology of the surface of the fibers. EDAX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) analysis was calculated for SEM micrographs. The results showed according to the higher uptake of methylene blue dye that the negative charge of the carboxylic acid groups had been created by laser treatment. Although the FTIR spectroscopy results did not show an increase in carboxylic acid groups, the cationic dye absorption increased. The durability of the Ag⁺ ion particles on repeated laundered laser treated cotton was proven by antibacterial and ICP tests, particularly when the laser energy was increased.     

Lung Function and Symptoms among Cotton Workers and Dropouts Three Years after the Start of Work

Abstract

A longitudinal study of cotton workers was undertaken to assess the presence of work-related medical effects. A cohort of 110 subjects was examined before starting work and one year later. Measurements of pulmonary function were made before and after the work shift. Airway responsiveness was measured using a methacholine challenge test. A questionnaire was used to determine work-related symptoms. The 60 workers who remained after three years experienced an over-shift drop in FEV₁ and an increase in airway responsiveness that did not increase after the first year. The data from the dropout group (n = 50) before work and after one year were compared with those for the active workers. The dropout group had a higher prevalence of symptoms of chest tightness and nasal irritation after one year of work. Atopy was not more common in this group. The results suggest that leaving work was related to symptoms of airways inflammation but not to atopy.     

Nutrition and Infection Field Study in Guatemalan Villages, 1959–1964

Triehloroethylene (TCE) postexposure breath decay curves were obtained from ten male and ten female volunteers who were exposed daily in a controlled-environment chamber to TCE vapor, 20, 100, or 200 ppm for one, three, or 71/2 hours. Alveolar breath samples were collected in glass pipettes for TCE analysis by gas chromatography.

The series of TCE breath decay curves obtained was highly reproducible and the narrow range of TCE in the breath at a specific time in the early postexposure period of persons identically exposed indicated that breath analysis could be used as a rapid method with which to estimate the magnitude of recent TCE exposure.

The TCE breath concentration in the immediate postexposure period accurately reflected the vapor concentration to which the subject had been most recently exposed. Breath samples collected eight to 24 hours following exposure were accurate indicators of the time-weighted average vapor exposure experienced by the subject on the previous day.     

Green Sorbitol- and Isosorbide-Based Flame Retardants for Cotton Fabrics

Flame retardancy is often required in various textile applications. Halogenated flame retardants (FR) are commonly used since they have good FR performance. Several of these components are listed under REACH. Halogen-free FR compounds have been developed as alternatives. So far, not many biobased FR have made it to the market and are being applied in the textile sector, leaving great opportunities since biobased products are experiencing a renaissance. In this study, renewable FR based on sorbitol and isosorbide were synthesised. The reaction was performed in the melt. The resulting biobased FR were characterised via FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Cotton fabrics functionalized with the developed biobased FR passed ISO 15025 FR test. After washing, the FR properties of the fabrics decreased (longer afterflame and afterglow time) but still complied with ISO 15025, indicating the biobased FR were semi-permanent. The amount of residue of modified sorbitol and isosorbide measured at 600 °C in air was 31% and 27%, respectively. Cotton treated with biobased modified FR showed no ignition during cone calorimetry experiments, indicating a flame retardancy. Furthermore, a charring of the FR containing samples was observed by means of cone calorimetry and TGA measurements.     

PVA-SiO2复合物改性棉纤维及其吸油性能

首先以棉纤维为主要原材料,通过一步浸渍将聚乙烯醇-二氧化硅粒子(PVA-SiO₂)复合物涂覆在棉纤维表面;然后对其进行疏水改性,制得一种超疏水吸油材料。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和水接触角(WCA)测试对改性纤维的表面结构及润湿性进行了分析表征。研究了PVA和SiO₂纳米粒子的质量分数对纤维吸油性能的影响,并评价了改性纤维的疏水性、润湿耐受性、吸油速率和重复使用性能。结果表明:棉纤维经过PVA-SiO₂复合物涂覆后具有稳定的超疏水性,吸油量比改性前显著提高,对正己烷、甲苯和氯仿的吸油量分别提高了47%、18.6%和26.2%。