延续护理在2型糖尿病患者中的应用效果及并发症发生率影响观察

目的:研究对2型糖尿病患者实施延续护理的效果。方法:选取2018年1月~2018年12月在某院治疗后出院的2型糖尿病患者120例展开研究,按护理施差异分为两组,对照组常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上实施延续护理,对比分析护理效果、护理后并发症发生率以及生活质量改善情况。结果:经护理后观察组血糖各指标均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组发生率21.6%,对照组发生率41.6%(P<0.05);护理后观察组生活质量各项评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对2型糖尿病患者实施延续护理效果显著,值得推广。     

Composite Behavior of Insulated Concrete Sandwich Wall Panels Subjected to Wind Pressure and Suction

A full-scale experimental test was conducted to analyze the composite behavior of insulated concrete sandwich wall panels (ICSWPs) subjected to wind pressure and suction. The experimental program was composed of three groups of ICSWP specimens, each with a different type of insulation and number of glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) shear grids. The degree of composite action of each specimen was analyzed according to the load direction, type of the insulation, and number of GFRP shear grids by comparing the theoretical and experimental values. The failure modes of the ICSWPs were compared to investigate the effect of bonds according to the load direction and type of insulation. Bonds based on insulation absorptiveness were effective to result in the composite behavior of ICSWP under positive loading tests only, while bonds based on insulation surface roughness were effective under both positive and negative loading tests. Therefore, the composite behavior based on surface roughness can be applied to the calculation of the design strength of ICSWPs with continuous GFRP shear connectors.     

Periarticular Knee Injection With Liposomal Bupivacaine and Continuous Femoral Nerve Block for Postoperative Pain Management After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background

Local periarticular infiltration (PAI) analgesia has emerged as an important component of multimodal approaches to treat total knee arthroplasty postoperative pain. Liposomal bupivacaine may provide prolonged analgesic duration when injected into the surrounding tissues. The purpose of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy and serum bupivacaine levels of a continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) with bupivacaine to PAI with liposomal bupivacaine.

Barriers to the use of patient safety information sources by community pharmacies

BackgroundWhen patient safety information is communicated across a regulatory jurisdiction or country, the potential to enhance the safety of community pharmacy practice is significant. While there currently exists a number of sources for patient safety information (e.g., websites, safety bulletins, online tools), knowledge of the barriers that may inhibit the use of such information sources within community pharmacies is limited.ObjectiveThis research explores community pharmacy manager use of Canadian patient safety information sources and the barriers that may limit the use of such sources.MethodsA qualitative research study design using semi-structured interviews was conducted with 15 community pharmacy managers in the Halifax Regional Municipality of Nova Scotia, Canada. The study explored how pharmacists access and engage a variety of information sources, including corporate intranets, websites, and tools provided by third party data base repositories. Interview data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsFive general barriers were identified: lack of time to access information sources and its contents; too many sources of available information; too much information not relevant to community pharmacy practice; complexity navigating online information sources; and lack of community pharmacy involvement in source design.ConclusionWhile pharmacies do use safety information sources to enhance practice safety, their ability to incorporate this information is inhibited by their general lack of time available to access and read safety information, lack of knowledge about where to get this information, and lack of tailored information for the community pharmacy context. Future initiatives should address increasing information awareness of available sources, consolidating and reducing information overload of such sources, and packaging information to better fit with pharmacists’ needs.     

Using online content uniformity measurements for rapid automated process development exemplified via an X-ray system

This paper addresses the relevance of automated content testing for the rapid automated process development (RAPD). Our previous work demonstrated that RAPD allowed a fast and efficient development of a continuous capsule-filling process. Target was the mean weight and the relative standard deviation of the weight. Likewise important are the content and the content uniformity. However, an implementation demands a certain level of automation. In general, technology is available that can detect active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) inside the capsules but the final application is linked to additional development and investment in machinery. To eliminate doubts regarding the benefits of an automated content check within the RAPD we present an application example. First, an X-ray system was used to detect barium sulfate accurately inside capsules. Second, a process was developed where barium sulfate was filled. The concentration of excipients was modified in the experiments, as well as the setting of the process parameter. The obtained model provided an explicit understanding of the process. Subsequently, the content uniformity model was compared to a model of the capsule weight relative standard deviation, confirming the benefits of an automated content check in the RAPD. Moreover, we presented another example illustrating the advantages of a connected continuous filling process, which permits evaluation of all process steps and their interactions (i.e. evaluation of the entire process).     

微信式医院家庭协作延续护理在直肠癌结肠造口患者中的应用

目的 探索基于微信的医院家庭协作延续护理在直肠癌肠造口患者中的应用效果.方法 将80名直肠癌肠造口患者随机分入两组,观察组给以基于微信的医院家庭协作延续护理,对照组实行常规护理模式.对比两组患者护理前后自护能力,生活质量以及并发症发生情况.结果 护理后,观察组自护能力评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05);护理后两组生活质量评分明显提高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05).观察组和对照组并发症发生率分别为7.50%和37.50%,显示差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 基于微信的医院家庭协作延续护理可有效提高直肠癌肠造口患者自护能力,改善生活质量,减少并发症.     

Validation and confirmatory factor analysis of the pediatric Adherence Barriers to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Questionnaire

ObjectiveTo evaluate and refine a newly proposed factor structure for the Adherence Barriers to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Questionnaire (ABCQ) and to present psychometric data from a large, geographically diverse sample of children and young adults with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) treated with positive airway pressure (PAP).MethodsA sample of 181 patients prescribed PAP for treatment of SDB, ages 8–21 years, and caregivers (n = 234) of patients ages 2–21 years, completed the ABCQ during routine sleep medicine clinic visits. Adherence data from participants' PAP machines were obtained via electronic download, providing objective data on PAP adherence immediately preceding the clinic visit during which the ABCQ was completed.ResultsA three-factor structure (1. Behavior, Beliefs, Environment, 2. Emotional Barriers, & 3. Physical Barriers) exhibited good model fit in confirmatory factor analysis. Results indicate that the ABCQ has strong psychometric properties, including good internal consistency among subscales and strong convergent validity with objectively measured PAP adherence. Analysis of the Receiver Operator Characteristic Curve (ROC) yielded an ABCQ total cut-off score of 46.5 for patient report and 53.5 for caregiver report. Scores above the cutpoint predicted nonadherence to PAP, defined as failure to use PAP for ≥4 h on 70% of nights.ConclusionsThe three-factor ABCQ appears to be a useful patient- and caregiver-report instrument to measure barriers to PAP treatment in children and young adults with sleep disordered breathing.     

医院物业持续改进工作平台建设

医院物业与医院的日常运行关系密切相关,医院物业管理的水平和效率直接影响到医院工作的方方面面。为提升医院整体管理的水平,从医院物业的特点出发,认真分析物业工作现状,根据持续改进医疗服务工作的需要,引入闭环管理思维,打造医院物业持续改进工作平台,使得医院物业管理工作在物业质量、生产安全、人性化服务上取得了长足的进步,医院物业管理水平得到了全面的提升。     

An update on the contribution of hot-melt extrusion technology to novel drug delivery in the twenty-first century: part I

Introduction: Currently, hot melt extrusion (HME) is a promising technology in the pharmaceutical industry, as evidenced by its application to manufacture various FDA-approved commercial products in the market. HME is extensively researched for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poor water-soluble drugs, taste masking, and modifying release in drug delivery systems. Additionally, its other novel opportunities or pharmaceutical applications, and capability for continuous manufacturing are being investigated. This efficient, industrially scalable, solvent-free, continuous process can be easily automated and coupled with other novel platforms for continuous manufacturing of pharmaceutical products.

Areas covered: This review focuses on updates on solubility enhancement of poorly water-soluble drugs and process analytical tools such as UV/visible spectrophotometry; near-infrared spectroscopy; Raman spectroscopy; and rheometry for continuous manufacturing, with a special emphasis on fused deposition modeling 3D printing.

Expert opinion: The strengths, weakness, opportunities, threats (SWOT) and availability of commercial products confirmed wide HME applicability in pharmaceutical research. Increased interest in continuous manufacturing processes makes HME a promising strategy for this application. However, there is a need for extensive research using process analytical tools to establish HME as a dependable continuous manufacturing process.