The Contemporary Uses of Hallucinogenic Plants and Mushrooms: A Qualitative Exploratory Study Carried Out in France

This qualitative research implemented in France between 2004 and 2007 is based on 30 in-depth interviews carried out with individuals who consumed hallucinogenic plants or mushrooms at least six times during the year preceding the interview. The interviews were recorded, retranscribed, and an analysis of their content applied for the textual data. The study focuses on drug users and the meanings they attach to their drug use. These meanings involve three different representations of the drugs: “enchanting plants,” “disorientation plants,” and “visionary plants.”     

浅谈当代高校教师的角色定位

教育是一种培养人的活动,作为人才培养者,教师不仅要通过自己掌握的知识影响学生,还要通过自己的人格和道德力量,通过自己的言传身教去影响和感染学生。教师的这一角色特征,要求教师注意自己的人格和道德方面的修养,并在实际的教育教学工作中注意自己的人格因素对学生所起的影响作用。本文作者通过对高校教师角色定位由传统到现代演进过程的分析,阐述了从当前体制的规定性出发提出当代高校教师角色怎样定位。     

对中医药学合理内核进行再认识

在当今以现代生命科学为主导学科的时代,建设和发展现代科学体系中的中医药学,必须注意既适应现代生命科学的发展趋势,又坚持和发展中医药学体系的合理内核.中医药学的合理内核集中反映为:以"阴阳"、"五行"等概念为核心构筑的理论体系;中医药学理论的"理想模型"及其数理逻辑;以"黑箱"方法建立的"藏象"理论;"四诊合参"全面诊断的诊法体系与理论;辨病论治与辨证论治结合的临床诊疗模式;理、法、方、药一致的逻辑要求;临床各科的综合治疗体系.本文提出,以现代生命科学作为参照系,对中医药学体系的合理内核进行再认识,是在现代生命科学时代发展中医药学的需要.     

人工智能技术视域下中医药发展的当代进路

基于"中国知网"检索人工智能在中医药领域相关文献,并进行可视化分析,发现近年来其在中医药的研究和应用逐渐兴起。当下人工智能技术解决了中医药发展的痛点,各类数据挖掘软件、诊断仪器、大数据医学信息系统等为中医诊断和诊疗提供辅助手段,并融入人们生活。未来把握住、利用好人工智能技术将有力助推中医药学的学术经验继承和临床科研发展。     

周敦颐的"孔颜乐处"思想

汉唐儒学由于缺乏精神超越层面的范式和系统的理论论证,以致儒学随着佛教的传入和兴盛而日渐式微。宋明新儒学的开山鼻祖周敦颐兼采释道的出世精神,提出“孔颜乐处”这一精神超越层面的儒学新范式,并对其作了较系统的论证。“孔颜乐处”实质上是一种“见大心态”和“道充身安”的身心和谐状态。它的人性论基础是“诚无为,几善恶”,实现途径是“无欲故静”,社会功用是“蕴之为德行,行之为事业”,即以“身心和谐”去实现其时的“社会和谐”。“孔颜乐处”倡导远大的人生理想和高尚的道德情操,因而在今天仍有着重大的现实意义。     

国内焦虑症的心理疗法研究进展

焦虑症作为较为常见的一种神经症,对患者的工作、学习和生活等都造成了巨大的影响。心理疗法从心理学角度探讨焦虑症的病理机制,依照其理论、治疗技术及原则进行治疗。相关研究表明,心理疗法对焦虑症的治疗具有良好的效果。     

Periacetabular osteolysis is the problem in contemporary total hip arthroplasty in young patients

We retrospectively reviewed 474 patients (492 hips) with a contemporary cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) (mean age, 38.9 years) and 504 patients (532 hips) with a cementless THA (mean age, 39.3 years). Patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically. The mean follow-up was similar (14.5 vs 14.8 years) in both groups. The mean postoperative Harris hip scores (93.6 vs 94.7 points), the mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores (12 vs 13 points), and the mean University of California, Los Angeles activity scores (6.9 vs 7.1 points) were similar between the 2 groups. Incidence of acetabular osteolysis (16% vs 20%) and femoral osteolysis (8% vs 9%) was similar between the 2 groups. Survivorship of cup (86% vs 82%) and stem (98% vs 98.5%) was similar between the 2 groups. Periacetabular osteolysis constitutes the major challenge in modern THAs in young patients.     

Comparison of new point-of-care troponin assay with high sensitivity troponin in diagnosing myocardial infarction

Objectives

The aim of this study is to compare a new improved point of care cardiac troponin assay (new POC-cTnI) with 1. its predecessor (old POC-cTnI) and 2. a high sensitivity assay (hs-cTnI) for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) by 30 days.

Methods

This is a single centre observational study, set in Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand. Patients presenting to the emergency department with non-traumatic chest pain underwent blood sampling at 0 h and 2 h post presentation for analysis with the 3 cTnI assays for the outcome of AMI and for analysis using an accelerated diagnostic protocol (ADP-normal 2 h troponins, normal electrocardiograms and Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score of 0 or ≤ 1) for 30 day MACE.

Results

Of 962 patients, 220 (22.9%) had AMI. Old POC-cTnI was least sensitive at 70.0% (65.4–73.9%) by 2 h (p < 0.001). New POC-cTnI, sensitivity 93.6% (89.9–96.2%) had similar sensitivity to hs-cTnI, sensitivity 95.0% (91.5–97.3%) (p = 0.508). There were 231 (24.0%) patients with 30 day MACE. When used as part of the ADP, all assays had 100% (98.0–100%) sensitivity using TIMI = 0. Sensitivities of new POC-cTnI ADP, 98.3% (95.4–99.4%), old POC-cTnI, 96.5% (93.2–98.4%) and hs-cTnI, 98.7% (96.0–99.7%) were similar (p = 0.063–0.375) using TIMI ≤ 1.

Conclusions

A new POC-cTnI has improved sensitivity for AMI and MACE compared with its predecessor and comparable sensitivity to a high sensitivity assay. Now that sensitivities of the POC assay are improved, the new assay may be a useful alternative to central laboratory assays when rapid turn-around times are not possible.     

Psychodynamic Movement and Dance Therapy (PMDT) in Hungary

The emergence of dance therapy in Hungary has been a long and organic process from the 1980s onwards. In those years, psychiatrist and psychotherapist Márta Merényi developed Psychodynamic Movement and Dance Therapy (PMDT), a psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapeutic method, based on the body-mind work, the movement improvisation and the psychodynamic working through of movement experiences and relations in the group. This article offers insight into the Hungarian PMDT: its history, theoretical roots, therapeutic practice, applications, training and organisation, with an outline of the special characteristics of body-mind work, the interpersonal dynamics, leader instructions, and the creative movement and verbalism in PMDT.