CRITIQUE OF THE SCREENING TEST HOME (HOME OBSERVATION FOR MEASUREMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT)

No abstract available for this article.     

Socio-sexual characteristics of men with sexual problems

Information has been gathered from a sample of men who presented for help at a clinic specialising in the treatment of sex disorders. Three categories of patient, matched for age and social class, made up the sample. They were those who presented with disorders of erection, those with premature ejaculation and those who were defined as heterophobic and who were largely without coital experience.

Twenty parameters were recorded; they included various aspects of social and family history, religious affiliation and details of sexual behaviour past and present. The object of the investigation was firstly to attempt to establish reliable base-line data from a U.K. population of males presenting with sex disorders so that a comparison might be made with control data where available. Secondly, it was hoped that comparisons between the three patient categories might reveal differences which would contribute to an understanding of their aetiology.

The results obtained illustrated a number of interesting differences. Due to the absence of suitable control data from the U.K. population it was only possible to establish significant differences for a few parameters such as for religious affiliation, the extent of adolescent sex play and the incidence of attempted suicide. However, comparisons made between the three patient categories revealed some striking differences in eight out of the 20 parameters surveyed. Of particular interest were differences in the extent of adolescent sex behaviour, adult masturbation frequency, the incidence of adult wet dreams and occurrence of REM erections, age at first coitus and the number of coital partners.     

飞机驾驶舱概念设计阶段工效评价用人体几何模型

目的：基于飞机驾驶舱设计需要,建立适合其工效分析用的人体几何模型。方法：首先进行人体表面划分,确定曲面数据来源、人体曲面表示、人体的关节自由度、局部坐标系及人体各节段的质心位置和大小,最后利用三维造型软件显著人体几何模型。结果:按上述方法生成的人体几何模型可模拟基本的工效分析动作,包括人体头颅转动和手、脚运动后的最终姿态。结论：人体几何模型适于目前研究和工程的需要。     

科学传播的缺失模型在医患沟通中的应用

科学传播的缺失模型为医患沟通问题提供了崭新的研究视角与框架,认为解决医患沟通问题应将公众的知识理解置于道德信任之前,在明确现阶段责任主体的前提下,准确定位并有效填补医患沟通中责任履行的缺失点,通过解构与建构医学健康知识传播的隐喻文本,以全方位、多元化举措在实践中不断增强医患信任度;并在此基础上,进一步提出促进未来医患沟...     

The concept of spirituality in nursing theories: differing world-views and extent of focus

Although nursing has recognized spirituality as an important aspect of holistic patient care, exactly what spirituality means has remained rather amorphous. The purpose of this article is to present aspects of spirituality found in modern nurse theorists' ideas. These aspects are presented both in relation to reciprocal interaction or simultaneous action world-views and in relation to the extent of focus on the concept within the model or theory. This discussion will provide the researcher and practitioner with additional theoretical understanding on which to ground investigations and base practice.     

Deconstructing quality: A conceptual framework for the new paradigm in day care provision for the under eights

The issue of quality in day care provision for children has received considerable attention in recent years. Researchers, practitioners, parents and other stakeholders all have a need to define what is meant by good quality care. However, because quality as a relative, values based concept that is wholly constructed and subjective, there can be no single, universal definition of quality in day care. This paper argues that the best alternative to a universally accepted definition of quality is a conceptual framework within which different definitions of quality can be deconstructed. Such a framework is described. Developed from work undertaken in the health care field, it builds on existing day care work to provide a practical tool that can be used by stakeholders to understand the values implicit in different definitions of quality and the processes that went into the production of those definitions.     

Beyond Cause and Effect: Some Thoughts on Researc and Practice in Child Psychiatric Nursing

TOPIC: A comprehensive conceptual framework that informs about the complexity of childhood psychopathology. PURPOSE: To discuss the importance of a unifying conceptual framework and multiple partnerships in research and practice that can inform critical events and effects of interventions at various system levels in the treatment of children. SOURCES: Literature review. CONCLUSIONS: The most informative research and intervention will occur by using multiple measures and sources of information. As understanding of children and their problems in development and in context grows, intervention research that will be both useful, timely, and cost-effective must include cross-discipline teams of researchers and practitioners who will speak to these complexities.     

Normal Inability Versus Pathological Disability: Why Ossorio's Definition of Mental Disorder Is Not Sufficient

Ossorio's proposed definition of mental disorder as "inability to engage in deliberate action" is evaluated and compared to Wakefield's analysis of mental disorder as "harmful dysfunction." Ossorio's definition is found to be neither necessary nor sufficient for disorder. The most severe problem is its extreme over inclusiveness; normal mental functioning includes many restrictions on deliberate action, and entire nonpathological domains, such as ignorance and lack of skill, are encompassed within Ossorio's definition. Bergner's attempt to defend Ossorio's definition through various construals of its clauses is found to be ad hoc and unsuccessful, tt is argued that the harmful dysfunction analysis adequately explains the shared classificatory judgments about disorder and non-disorder that Ossorio's definition fails to explain, and that Bergner's "epistemological" objection to the harmful dysfunction analysis is invalid.     

Nursing's metaparadigm concepts: disimpacting the debates

Theoretical advances in nursing have been complicated by polarization and extreme positions regarding nursing's approach to its main metaparadigm concepts: person, health, environment and nursing. In this paper, the authors deconstruct some of the central arguments that are used to further this polarization. Using a critical interpretive approach, they explain some of the logical implications imposed by various extreme positions for the larger project of nursing's health and social mandate, and consider the effects of such polarization. On the basis of an appreciation of the serious difficulties inherent in certain philosophical and theoretical positions currently evident within nursing's literature, the authors argue for a less extreme and more integrated reference point for nursing's theory and practice.