合力外加压手术治疗后极部孔源性视网膜脱离

目的探讨合力外加压手术治疗后极部孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效。方法采用合力外加压手术治疗44例（44眼）后极部孔源性视网脱离病人，随访3～12mo。结果44眼视网膜完全复位（100％），术后视力提高≥0．02者32例（72．7％），脱盲率达68．18％。结论指出合力外加压手术的优点是能建立一个良好的加压嵴以推顶裂孔，术中不放液，黄斑孔不电凝、不冷凝。强调正确选择手术适应症是手术成功的关键。     

RNA interference inhibits expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human retinal pigment epithelial cells

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV), a major causeof vision loss, is the result of the increased vascularendothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in humanretinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells·It is important toinhibit the expression of VEGF protein in RPE cells·RNA interference ( RNAi) can result in sequence-specific gene silencing·1This phenomenon is nowbeingexploited as a powerful tool for reverse genetics, andshows great promise for therapeutic applications·Recently, numerou…     

氪多波长激光治疗和预防视网膜脱离临床分析

目的 分析氪多波长激光治疗和预防视网膜脱离的效果。方法 用氪多波长激光治疗和预防视网膜脱离患者188例（193眼）。结果 视网膜周边干性裂孔和视网膜周边变性单纯用氪多波长激光治疗15眼，成功100％；局限性孔源性视网膜浅脱离10眼，先使用脱水剂、卧床休息、单眼加压包扎等措施，而后行激光治疗，成功率80％，2眼因玻璃体有牵引结合局部垫压术后成功；巩膜外扣带术后激光封孔141眼，成功率96．5％。5眼因玻璃体有牵引行玻璃体手术后眼内激光封闭裂孔成功；复杂性视网膜脱离经玻璃体切割手术，术中及术后激光封闭裂孔27眼，成功100％。结论 氪多波长激光治疗和预防视网膜脱离成功率高，创伤小，对于周边视网膜干性裂孔和变性激光治疗可以预防视网膜脱离的发生。激光可根据病情在术中术后选择，作为常规视网膜脱离手术和玻璃体手术的补充治疗。     

过氟化碳液在复杂视网膜脱离手术中的应用

目的：探讨过氟化碳液在复杂视网膜脱离手术中的作用。 方法对１３例伴巨大裂孔或严重增殖性玻璃作视网膜病变的复杂视网膜脱离行玻璃体切除及视网膜复位术，术中应用过氟化碳液。 结果术后随访２～１０ｍｏ，１２眼视网膜复位，１０眼视力较术前提高，其中 ６眼＞０． １；术后视网膜下过氟化碳小液滴残留１例。 结论过氟化碳液的应用，有利于提高复杂视网膜脱离的解剖复位率，并改善视功能。     

Evaluation of MRI for in vivo monitoring of retinal damage and detachment in experimental ocular inflammation

Two quantitative methods were developed for investigation of the potential of MRI for in vivo monitoring of retinal damage and detachment in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). Measurements of retinal thickness and detachment area were performed on matched MR and histologic (HIST) images of rat eyes at different stages of EAU. In vivo MR images of rat eyes were acquired at 4.7 T using a figure‐of‐eight surface coil and a spin echo pulse sequence. Ex vivo measurements were performed on HIST images acquired using a digital camera attached to a microscope. MR images mirrored the HIST appearance of inflamed eyes at each stage of disease. Retinal detachments as small as 0.1 mm² were measured in vivo by MRI and confirmed in the same eye ex vivo by histology. Measurements performed on corresponding MR and HIST images demonstrated a good agreement between the two techniques. The potential of MRI for in vivo visualization and for monitoring changes in the eye during development of EAU was demonstrated in this study. Magn Reson Med 53:61–68, 2005. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

原发性高血压患者眼底改变与动态血压关系的研究

为了探讨原发性高血压 (以下简称高血压 )患者血压与眼底改变的关系 ,分别观察 1 86例轻中度高血压患者的脉压、诊所舒张压、2 4h平均舒张压、血压负荷及夜间血压下降率与眼底小动脉改变的关系。结果 :1 86例患者中 ,眼底正常 46例 ( 2 4.7% ) ,Ⅰ级改变 1 1 6例 ( 62 .4% ) ,Ⅱ级改变 2 4例 ( 1 2 .9% )。眼底正常组左室肥厚 (LVH)的发生率为 1 0 .9% ( 5 /46) ,而眼底异常组的发生率为 89.3 % ( 1 2 5 /1 40 )。诊所舒张压≥ 1 3 .3kPa( 1 0 0mmHg)、2 4h舒张压≥ 1 2 .0kPa( 90mmHg)的高血压组与其对应组相比眼底改变有显著性差异 (P分别 <0 .0 5、<0 .0 1 ) ;舒张期血压负荷超过 40 %组与对应组比较眼底改变有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而收缩压负荷、杓型与非杓型血压及不同脉压差组的眼底变化组间比较无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。提示 :无合并症的轻中度高血压患者早期眼底改变大多为Ⅰ级 ,受舒张压的影响较明显 ,视网膜动脉硬化的程度也提示高血压的时限及病情。     

Construction of a cDNA library from human retinal pigment epithelial cells challenged with rod outer segments

Background: To study genes expressed by retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells during phagocytosis and digestion of rod outer segments (ROS), a complementary (c)DNA library was produced using an in-vitro model. The cDNA library can be used to study molecular changes which contribute to the development of diseases due to a failure in outer segment phagocytosis and digestion by RPE cells. Here we demonstrate a way to study genes and their functions using a molecular biological approach and describing the first step involved in this process, the construction of a cDNA library.
Methods and results: Human RPE cells obtained from the eyes of a seven-year-old donor were cultured and challenged with bovine ROS. The culture was harvested and total RNA was extracted. Complementary DNA was transcribed from the messenger (m)RNA and was directionally cloned into the LambdaGEM-4 bacteriophage vector successfully. Some clones were picked and the DNA extracted, to determine the size of the inserts as a measure of the quality of the library.
Conclusions: Molecular biology and cell culture are important tools to be used in eye research, especially in areas where tissue is limiting and animal models are not available. We now have a ROS challenged RPE cDNA library which will be used to identify genes responsible for degrading phagocytosed debris within the retinal pigment epithelium.     

视网膜色素变性的中西医结合治疗

本文报告了采用中药“网变煎剂”辅以西药综合治疗视网膜色素变性45例,显效14例,占31.11％;进步18例,占40％;好转6例,占13.33％。总有效率达84.44％。经临床观察1～5年,视力均有不同程度进步,视野有所增宽,其作用机理是:“网变煎剂”具有滋肾壮阳,养血益气,活血通络之功能,可以治其本,西药给予免疫制剂,维生素类,血管扩张剂等,可以改变细胞免疫功能,补充微量元素,改善轴浆流的阻滞现象,进而达到治疗作用。认为,在西医治疗本病尚无特殊疗效的情况下,采用中西治疗的治疗方法,不失为一种有效的探索。     

视网膜分支静脉阻塞与动—静脉交叉的关系

视网膜分支静脉阻塞（BRVO）的阻塞部位多位于动—静脉交叉处。但迄今有关交叉处的动、静脉解剖位置与BRVO的关系仍不十分明了．为了探讨BRVO与动—静脉交叉的关系，作者研究了82眼（76例）BRVO和82眼（82例）无BRVO者的眼底彩色照片和眼底荧光血管造影片发现：BRVO多发生于颞侧（90．3％），尤其是颞上象限（54．95％），且在阻塞处，静脉后位交叉为100％（82／82）；而在三个不同对照组的动—静脉交叉处，静脉后位交叉分别为：B组67．1％（55／82），C组70．0％（49／70），D组74．4％（61／82）。阻塞组分别与三个不同对照组比较有显著差异（P均＜0．001）。提示：静脉后位交叉可能为BRVO的主要危险因素；动脉对静脉的机械压迫可能是BRVO的主要原因之一。此外，还对动—静脉交叉在各象限的分布和类型进行探讨。