Calreticulin binding and other biological activities of survival peptide Y-P30 including effects of systemic treatment of rats

Neuron survival-promoting peptide Y-P30, purified from oxidatively stressed neural cell lines, inhibits the appearance of microglia and rescues neurons 1 week after direct application to lesions of the rat cerebral cortex (7). Y-P30 affinity matrices treated with solubilized membranes from a variety of cell lines including human neuroblastoma SY5Y, mouse hippocampal cells HN 33.1, and human promonocytes HL-60, as well as with cerebral cortex tissue from both humans and rats, showed highly specific binding to calreticulin, a ubiquitous calcium binding protein that may be critical for integrin function. Treatment of cultures with 0.1 nM Y-P30 stabilized all these cell types whether differentiated or not, while 1 microM peptide also inhibited the morphological differentiation of the HL-60 cells into macrophages. Western analysis of the medium of SY5Y cell cultures suggested Y-P30-stimulated release of calreticulin, a result consistent with its other biological activities. Likewise, single dose systemic application of Y-P30 in unoperated rats and in rats with cerebral cortex lesions produced significant reductions in cerebral cortex membrane-associated calreticulin. Both direct and intravenous treatment with peptide also reduced cortical neuron atrophy 4 days after these lesions but only direct application consistently inhibited the appearance of ED-1(+) monocyte derivatives. We suggest that in vitro and in vivo mechanisms of Y-P30 effects are similar and involve the targeting of calreticulin. The results also suggest that some of these activities are apparent in the cerebral cortex after systemic application of this peptide.     

CT-Based Needle Marking of Superficial Intracranial Lesions for Minimal Invasive Neurosurgery

A CT-based method of marking superficial intracranial lesions with a needle is presented. This form of neuronavigation can be applied in every neurosurgical centre. Owing to its rapid application it is also suitable for cases of emergency. The neurosurgical approach can be centred precisely over the lesion providing for a minimally invasive operation. The method has proved its efficacy in numerous cases of haematomas and cystic lesions.     

CT三维容积重建在颌骨疾病诊治中的应用

目的　评价CT三维容积重建在颌面骨病变诊治中的应用价值。方法　用MX 80 0 0双排螺旋CT机的 4D Angio软件处理容积数据得到高度仿真的三维CT ,可直观清晰地显示颌骨病变的部位、范围、程度及其与邻近结构的关系 ,有利临床作出准确诊断 ,正确选择手术方法和确定手术进路。结果　CT三维容积重建可以直观地显示颌合骨的复杂结构及其病变的整体形态 ,对骨折复位和病变彻底切除起到重要作用。结论　与常规断面CT以及三维表面遮蔽 (SSD)重建相比 ,MX 80 0 0的 4D Angio软件 (相当于volumerender ing软件 ,即VR)做出的CT三维容积重建 (VR)更有立体感 ,更能展现解剖结构的自然形态 ,而且其为容积数据的全息处理 ,可显示骨质内部结构 ,因而能为临床提供更直观 ,详实的形态学资料 ,便于确诊并可优化手术方案和最大限度减少手术创伤 ,有利于功能和形态的更好恢复     

中药防治癌前病变现状及其机制

中药在防治食道癌前病变、口腔癌前病变、鼻咽癌前病变、胃癌前病变、肝癌前病变和宫颈癌前病变等方面取得了显著成效,其逆转癌前病变主要是通过调节细胞周期调控基因,细胞生长、增殖、分化调控基因及相关蛋白基因,细胞凋亡基因,转录因子等表达来发挥作用,另外中药还可对端粒酶活性、DNA水平等进行调整,也可能通过改善免疫相关基因如细胞黏附分子来提高机体的抗癌变能力。     

Assessment of optic nerve and optic tract alterations in patients with orbital space-occupying lesions using probabilistic diffusion tractography

AIM: To investigate the diffusion changes in both the optic nerve and optic tract in orbital space-occupying lesion patients with decreased visual acuity, and its clinical significance using probabilistic diffusion tractography (PDT). METHODS: Twenty patients with orbital space-occupying lesions and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy persons were included. All patients and controls underwent routine orbital magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), using a 3.0T magnetic resonance scanner (Trio Tim Siemens). After the image data were preprocessed, each DTI parameters of the optic nerve and optic tract was obtained by PDT, including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD). The asymmetry index (AI) of each parameter was calculated. Compared the parameters of the affected side optic nerve and ipsilateral optic tract with the contralateral side by paired sample t-test; compared AI of parameters of optic nerve and optic tract between the patient group and the control group by independent sample t-test. Patients were divided into three subgroups according to the low vision grade standard of WHO, compared the FA and AI of FA between the three subgroups by single factor variance analysis. RESULTS: The affected side optic nerve presented significantly decreased FA, increased MD, AD, and RD values compared to the unaffected side (P<0.05). The AI of FA, MD, AD, and RD of optic nerve in the patients was significantly higher than that of the controls (P<0.05). The comparison results of the optic tract showed that there was no significant difference between the patient group and control group in terms of the bilateral optic tracts in patients (P>0.05). The AIs of the FA value of the optic nerve in the eyesight <0.1 subgroup was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: FA, MD, AD, and RD of the affected side optic nerve of the orbital space-occupying lesions have significantly changed, the FA value is the most sensitive. The PDT could be a useful tool to provide valid quantitative markers of optic nerve injuries and evaluate the severity of orbital diseases, which other examinations cannot be acquired.     

PSTPIP1‐associated myeloid‐related proteinemia inflammatory syndrome: A rare cause of childhood neutropenia associated with systemic inflammation and hyperzincemia

Neutropenia in pediatric patients can be due to a variety of disorders. We describe two patients who underwent extensive evaluation over many years for arthralgias and moderate neutropenia of unclear etiology. Genetic testing identified a pathogenic variant in PSTPIP1 (proline‐serine‐threonine phosphatase‐interacting protein 1) in both patients. Markedly elevated inflammatory markers and zinc levels confirmed the rare diagnosis of PSTPIP1‐associated myeloid‐related proteinemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndrome, tailoring treatment. Neutropenia is common in patients with PAMI syndrome. Unique mutations seen in PAMI syndrome may account for the specific phenotypic features of this disorder.     

半月板损伤的超声诊断价值

目的探讨超声检查对膝关节半月板损伤的诊断价值。方法将74个膝关节共148个半月板超声检查结果与关节镜及手术结果进行对照分析。结果超声准确作出半月板损伤诊断38个,漏诊8个,真阴性97个,假阳性5个,准确性91.2%,敏感性82.6%,特异性95.1%,阳性结果预测值88.4%,阴性结果预测值92.4%。结论超声检查无创、方便、及时,诊断半月板损伤准确性较高,可作为诊断半月板损伤的一种重要的检查方法。     

野灯心草地上部分菲类成分及其抗焦虑作用研究

运用正相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、聚酰胺、制备型HPLC等多种色谱方法从野灯心草地上部分分离纯化得到10个菲类化合物和4个其他类化合物。经质谱、NMR谱图解析鉴定结构,分别为厄弗酚(1)、灯心草酚(2)、juncuenin D(3)、去氢厄弗酚(4)、去氢灯心草酚(5)、juncuenin B(6)、dehydrojuncuenin B(7)、2-甲氧基-7-羟基-1-甲基-5-乙烯基菲(8)、2-羟基-7-羧基-1-甲基-5-乙烯基-9,10-二氢菲(9)、2-羟基-7-羧基-1-甲基-5-乙烯基菲(10)、木犀草素(11),香草酸(12)、瑞香素(13)、对香豆酸(14)。其中,化合物13为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物5,8~12为首次从该植物中分离得到。采用小鼠高架十字迷宫实验评价菲类化合物6和7的抗焦虑活性,结果表明化合物6和7均具有抗焦虑作用。     

四慧合剂对睡眠剥夺大鼠旷场及高架十字迷宫行为的影响

[目的]观察睡眠剥夺72 h大鼠行为学变化并研究四逆散、生慧汤、四慧合剂对其影响。[方法]采用旷场和高架十字迷宫,观察实验大鼠行为学变化。[结果]模型组在旷场中央格停留时间和次数、站立次数均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);四慧合剂组均明显低于模型组(P<0.01)。模型组在高架十字迷宫试验开放臂次数比例明显高于对照组(P<0.05),四慧合剂组明显低于模型组(P<0.05)。[讨论]四慧合剂能显著改善睡眠剥夺所致大鼠焦虑样行为减少和探索行为增强的异常变化,优于四逆散与生慧汤。     

酸枣仁汤对高架十字迷宫所致焦虑大鼠的影响

目的:探讨酸枣仁汤抗焦虑的药理作用机制。方法:建立高架十字迷宫大鼠焦虑模型,观察酸枣仁汤对焦虑大鼠行为的影响,ELISA法检测大鼠脑内海马五羟色胺(5-HT)、五羟吲哚乙酸(5-HIAA)、伽马氨基丁酸(GABA)、谷氨酸(GLU)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)的含量。结果:各给药组开放臂进入次数与进入时间与模型组比较显著提高(P0.05);各给药组进臂总次数与模型组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。酸枣仁汤大、小剂量组5-HT、5-HIAA、GABA、GLU、NE的含量均有一定变化。结论:酸枣仁汤对高架十字迷宫所致的大鼠焦虑有明显的治疗作用,其抗焦虑的机制可能与调节脑内海马神经递质的平衡有关,且酸枣仁汤小剂量组较大剂量组有更好的治疗效果。