Systemic sclerosis and exposure to heavy metals

As a mirror image of the Roman god Janus Bifrons, the environment has a hidden face. To highlight this hidden face of the environment in the field of systemic sclerosis (SSc) will allow to identify responsible agents emerging in the future. To date, there is, in fact, a growing scientific evidence that environmental factors have a crucial impact on both alterations and modulation of epigenetic determinants, resulting in SSc onset and progression. It has been well established that there is a marked correlation between SSc onset and occupational exposure to crystalline silica and organic solvents. More recently, an association between SSc and exposure to heavy metals has further been found, including: antimony, cadmium, lead, mercury. These latter findings interestingly underscore that occupational exposure to heavy metals should be systematically checked in all SSc patients at diagnosis, as the identification of the occupational toxic agent will allow its interruption, which may result in potential improvement of SSc outcome.     

儿童幽门螺杆菌感染患儿不同治疗方案的疗效观察

目的观察克拉霉素、阿莫西林、奥美拉唑三联短程疗法对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的根除率,探讨初治失败后治疗方案的选择。方法经胃镜检查、组织活检确诊为Hp感染患儿86例,男50例,女36例。分为克拉霉素组62例,用克拉霉素、阿莫西林、奥美拉唑三联1周疗法;甲硝唑组24例,用甲硝唑、阿莫西林、奥美拉唑三联2周疗法。停药后4周,检测Hp根除率。对2组初治失败者进行复治,克拉霉素组增加克拉霉素剂量和延长奥美拉唑疗程;甲硝唑组采用克拉霉素三联1周疗法。复治再失败者采用铋剂四联疗法。结果克拉霉素组Hp根除率91.9%(57/62)较甲硝唑组75%(18/24)高,有显著性差异(χ2=4.448P<0.05)。本组共11例根除失败,采用3种复治方法后,根除率分别为80%(4/5)、66.7%(4/6)、100.0%(3/3)。结论克拉霉素三联1周短程疗法是根除儿童Hp感染的理想治疗方案。适当增加克拉霉素剂量和延长奥美拉唑疗程可提高根除率。采用铋剂四联法对克拉霉素耐药者有效。     

Cation exchange contribution to the retention of specific quaternary ammonium compounds in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

The influence of electrolytes on the retention of organic cationic solutes in reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) has been investigated. The effects of the nature and concentration of electrolytes and mobile phase pH on the retention of two model quaternary ammonium compounds were studied on mu-Bondapak C18 stationary phase with aqueous methanolic eluents. The nature and concentration of inorganic cations added to the mobile phase modified the retention of the solutes. The counter anion of the added electrolyte did not perceptibly influence solute retention at constant mobile phase pH, although it did significantly influence solute retention when the electrolytes were added to unbuffered mobile phases. The retention data are consistent with the inclusion of an ion exchange contribution to the retention of cationic solutes in the systems investigated.     

Comparison of the effect of amphotericin B desoxycholate and amphotericin B colloidal dispersion on renal functions and renal morphology in rats

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Amphotericin B (AmB) desoxycholate remains as one of the most efficacious agents currently available for the treatment of systemic fungal infections; however, amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (ABCD) has been developed because of AmB desoxycholate nephrotoxicity. The goal of our study was to compare the effect of administration of AmB desoxycholate and ABCD on renal functions and renal morphology in rats. RESULTS: Amophotericin B desoxycholate as well as ABCD causes damage to renal tubuli and polyuria. Amophotericin desoxycholate causes considerably more severe damage to tubuli than ABCD, but the morphological damage to renal glomeruli is minimal in both formulas. In tubular cells, AmB desoxycholate causes severe damage to mitochondria, vacuolation of cytoplasm, and increased values of volume density of peroxisomes. CONCLUSION: None of these formulas causes a decrease in glomerular filtration in rats when animals are properly hydrated.     

Reduced Phagocytosis of Colloidal Carriers Using Soluble CD47

Purpose. This study was designed to illustrate the feasibility of using soluble CD47 protein to antagonize phagocytosis of colloidal drug carriers by macrophages. Methods. Expression of CD47-streptavidin (CD47-SA) fusion protein was achieved in B21CodonPlus host cells following IPTG induction. Murine macrophage cell line J774A.1, expressing high levels of SIRP, was selected as the biologic model system for phagocytosis. FITC-labeled perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsions were used as the colloidal carriers to trigger phagocytosis. Microscopy (inverted light and UV-fluorescence) and flow cytometry were used to qualitatively and quantitatively determine the degree of phagocytosis, respectively. Results. The bacterially expressed, purified CD47-SA had neither cytotoxic nor cytostatic effects when incubated with J774A.1 cells up to a concentration of 400 nM for 24 h. Phagocytosis of FITC-labeled PFC emulsions was significantly diminished when macrophages were pretreated with 100 nM CD47-SA for 1 h. Conclusions. We demonstrated that soluble CD47-SA antagonized phagocytosis of colloidal carriers to a significant degree by interaction with macrophage SIRP.     

聚合白蛋白和^32P胶体治疗原发性肝癌的临床分析

目的：观察超声引导下瘤内注射聚合白蛋白（MAA）和^32P胶体治疗原发性肝癌（PHC）的疗效和不良反应。方法：观察26例PHC患者治疗前后的临床表现、肿块大小、血清AFP水平、组织病理学以及肝肾功能、血常规和免疫指标的变化。结果：治疗后,PHC患者临床症状减轻,21例AFP升高者的血清AFP水平明显下降;肿块均见缩小,肿块缩小率≥50％者占78．38％,平均肿块缩小率为53．25％,组织学检查发现治疗区内肿瘤组织出现完全或部分坏死和纤维化。患者1、2、3年生存率分别为88．46％、76．92％、38．46％,平均生存期为16．5个月。局部无并发症。治疗前后ECG、肝肾功能、血常规和免疫功能均无变化。结论：瘤内注射聚合白蛋白和^32P胶体是1种简单、安全而有效的治疗PHC的新方法,不良反应轻、适应证广。     

乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）胶体金试剂的研制

目的：研制乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg)胶体金试剂,方法：用未加氢氧化铝佐剂的乙型肝炎血源疫苗原材料免疫BALB/c小鼠制备抗－HBs单克隆抗体,应用胶体金标记抗－HBs单克隆抗体,测定HBsAg胶体金剂试的稳定性,对该试剂进行临床考核及检定等,结果,经中国药品生物制品检定所检定,其灵敏度达到1ng/ml, 特异度为100％（20／20）,精密度为100％（10／10）,符合国家对HBsAg试剂僵的要求,临床考核合格,已通过国家药品监督管理局的新药评审,获国家新药证书,结论,HBsAg胶体金试剂可用于献血员HBsAg筛选,健康人群体检,乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的流行病学调查和临床诊断。     

固定化二氧化钛对染料溶液的光催化降解

以TiCl4和异丙醇为原料制备了固定化催化剂TiO2-SiO2(TSO),并用于染料溶液的光催化降解,讨论了制备条件和光催化降解条件.TSO保持了硅胶的骨架结构,具有大的比表面,有较好的催化活性.用于染料溶液的光催化降解,脱色率可达100%,用于印染废水的光催化降解,脱色率达89%,COD去除率达70%.     

两种方法验证乙型肝炎病毒标志物室间质量控制结果分析

目的对比酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)和胶体金免疫层析法(GIGA)检测乙肝五项指标的结果差异,验证HBV标志物室间质量控制的方法选择。方法使用ELISA检测试剂和GIGA试条对420份标本检测乙肝五项指标,并对两种方法检测均阳性的标本做1∶256倍稀释后检测相关抗原抗体,对结果进行统计学分析。结果两种方法结果除乙肝表面抗原结果无显著差异外,其他指标均有显著差异,稀释后结果差异更加明显。结论 GIGA法检测乙肝五项指标较ELISA法灵敏度低,有一定的漏检率,不适用于室间质量控制检测,应用ELISA法加以确证。     

Urinary protein fraction in healthy subjects using cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis followed by colloidal silver staining

We previously reported a rapid and highly sensitive colloidal silver staining solution suitable for the cellulose acetate membrane. This method was useful for detecting even very small amounts of urinary protein. In the present study, we examined urinary protein fractions in healthy subjects, using cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis (CAE) with a highly sensitive colloidal silver staining, in an attempt to determine the clinical relevance of urinary protein fractions. Sixty unconcentrated spot urine specimens were analyzed by CAE and calculated by densitometry. All of the samples were separated into five fractions by CAE. The mean +/- 1 SD of the percentage of five fractions was 28.37 +/- 8.51 in albumin, 4.30 +/- 4.19 in alpha1-globulin, 14.41 +/- 6.14 in alpha2-globulin, 19.45 +/- 7.10 in beta-globulin, and 33.46 +/- 8.24 in gamma-globulin. The albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio was 0.41 +/- 0.17. These six items and the concentrations of total protein, albumin, and beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) did not significantly differ between males and females. NAG is the marker of tubulointerstitial nephropathy. The results suggest that there are no gender-dependent differences in the urinary protein fractions of healthy subjects.