保肾乙丸对延缓腹膜透析患者残余肾功能的临床观察

本研究对行腹膜透析患者予口服中药保肾乙丸治疗,以观察其对残余肾功能的影响。将54例尿毒症行腹膜透析的患者随机分为两组,透析3个月后,对照组患者尿量(UV)、残余肾功能(RRF)、尿素KT/V、肌酐清除率(Ccr)均较治疗组有明显降低(P<0.01),而治疗组血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Cr)明显比对照组降低(P<0.01)。     

电化学治疗对肿瘤病人免疫功能的影响

20例晚期癌症病人接受电化学治疗（ECT），治疗后所有病例的肿物均有不同程度缩小，其中4例出现ECT后的远隔效应，即运高电化学治疗电极的转移灶减小。免疫参数（OKT3，OKT4／OKT8，自然杀伤细胞活动度NKA，淋巴细胞转化实验LTT）在ECT前后发生明显改变。所有这些均提示ECT能增强人体免疫功能。     

肝癌患者过继免疫与栓塞化疗治疗前后免疫功能变化

对46例原发性肝癌患者LAK／IL－2肝动脉灌注与栓塞化符合用及单纯栓塞化行治疗前后机体免疫状态，即T淋巴细胞亚群，可溶性白细胞介素-2受体（sIL－2R），TNF及自身LAK细胞活性进行了比较研究。结果表明，治疗前患者T淋巴细胞亚群CD3、CD4明显低于正常对照组。CD3升高，CD4／CD8比值下降；sIL－2R及TNF水平明显高于正常对照组。治疗后，LAK／IL－2肝动脉灌注即过继免疫与栓塞化疗合用组，T淋巴细胞亚群CD3、CD4升高（P＜0.01），CD3下降（P＜0．01）、CD4／CD8比值升高（P＜0．01）sIL－2R水平下降（P＜0.01），TNF水平亦下降，自身LAK细胞活性增强（P＜0.01）；单纯栓塞化疗组上述指标无显著变化。     

气滞胃痛冲剂药理学实验研究

气滞胃痛冲剂ig,能明显抑制小鼠胃排空和小肠推进作用,减少胃液分泌,降低胃液酸度及胃蛋白酶活性,增强家兔在体肠蠕动强度,对大鼠幽门结扎型溃疡有明显的保护作用,还有明显的镇痛作用。     

二子阳宝的药理实验研究

二子阳宝能明显提高去势雄性小鼠副性器官和提肛肌指数；明显增加性交配功能；并能增强肾阳虚小鼠的耐缺氧，抗疲劳能力。     

Estrogen-regulated non-reproductive behaviors and breast cancer risk: Animal models and human studies

The possible role of personality patterns and psychosocial factors in breast cancer has been studied extensively, through both human and animal experiments. The data are conflicting, and the conclusions controversial. This review will serve two purposes. First, we present evidence that behavioral patterns most commonly linked to breast cancer risk are at least partly regulated by estrogens. This section will suggest that some estrogen-regulated behaviors may be markers of increased breast cancer risk. Second, we will briefly review recent findings in animals connecting psychosocial factors to cancer. We also will address the plausible biological mechanisms. The literature suggests that estrogens, particularly when exposure occurs during the critical developmental periods, such as in utero, puberty, pregnancy, and menopause, influence affective behaviors and increase breast cancer risk. The affective behaviors include depression, aggression, and alcohol intake. Thus, psychosocial and personality factors do not necessarily have a direct impact on breast cancer risk; instead, estrogens have a dual effect on behavior and on the breast.     

生命1号健脑强身及促骨生长的实验研究

采用水迷宫法、穿梭箱法、避暗法、跳台法观察了生命1号对小鼠学习、记忆、巩固的影响。灌胃给生命1号可改善东莨菪碱、樟柳碱致小鼠记忆获得障碍。生命1号能明显提高单核细胞吞噬功能，显著增加小鼠血清溶血素的含量，促进T淋巴细胞的转化。除此之外，还能明显地增加阳虚大鼠股骨的重量、长度、直径及皮质厚度；提高血清钙、磷水平；降低血清碱性磷酸酶的含量，具有促进骨骼生长的作用。     

黄芪毛状根对造血系统功能的作用

本实验研究了黄芪毛状根对动物造血系统的作用,采用灌服给予黄芪毛状根5～20 g/kg,每日1次,连续5～12天,可提高失血性贫血小鼠的红细胞数、网织红细胞数,增加溶血性贫血小鼠的红细胞数、血红蛋白值、红细胞压积值,可对抗环磷酰胺、X射线所致小鼠的白细胞数和骨髓有核细胞数的下降。实验提示黄芪毛状根有促进造血系统功能的作用,其作用基本上与天然黄芪相似。     

The vestibulo-collic reflex

Until now there has no been no simple, reliable clinical test that assesses the function of the otolith organs. However, recent work has suggested the occurrence of an easily identifiable electromyographic (EMG) waveform in isometrically contracting sternomastoid muscles in response to loud clicks. This is thought to represent an otolith evoked disynaptic reflex. Equipment routinely used for evoked response audiometry (ERA) has been adapted to investigate this response. A short latency (8 ms) positive-negative EMG waveform has been recorded in 31 of 32 normal subjects. The latency of the positive peak (P1) is 11.7 ms ( sd = 0.89), and the negative peak (N1) is 20.5 ms ( sd = 1.89). It is predominantly ipsilateral, although a contralateral response was present in 35.5%. The response has also been recorded in three patients with a severe unilateral sensorineural hearing loss and normal caloric responses, and in a patient undergoing cochlear implantation for profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Further work is required to delineate the value of this technique in investigating vestibular lesions.     

Somatic growth and renal function after unilateral nephrectomy for Wilms' tumor

Solitary kidneys in renal donors and patients who have undergone unilateral nephrectomy for malignant disease have been reported to undergo hyperfiltration injury. This study was undertaken to evaluate the somatic growth and development of followed-up patient after Wilms' tumor to evaluate their renal function and identify any evidence of injury in the remaining kidney. The growth and development of all the children was found to be normal, as was DTPA clearance. Microalbuminuria in 24-h urinary collections was detected in 84% of the patients, indicating evidence of hyperfiltration injury. This study highlights the need for close monitoring of the renal function of long-term follow-up patients after Wilms' tumor in addition to the routine monitoring for tumor recurrence. Accepted: 26 May 1998