半重叠PCR检测急性淋巴细胞白血病骨髓移植后残留白血病的临床意义

目的：观察急性淋巴细胞白血病（acute lymphoblastic leukemia，ALL）骨髓移植（bone marrow transplantation，BMT）后残留白血病情况，评价BMT效果。方法：对16例ALL患者在BMT前后的不同时期，用半重叠多聚酶链反应（polymerasc chain reaction，PCR）方法检测免疫球蛋白重链（immunoglobin heavychain，IgH）和T细胞受体γ链（T-cell reception γ。TCRγ）单克隆性基因重排情况，了解微小残留白血病（minimal residual disease，MRD）阳性率。结果：BMT前MRD阳性率为81．2％，BMT后3个月时MRD阳性率显著降低为37．5％（P〈0．05）。而异基因骨髓移植（allo-BMT）与自体骨髓移植（auto-BMT）之间在3个月时MRD阳性率无显著性差异。结论：半重叠PCR方法检测ALL-MRD敏感性及特异性极高，对auto-BMT前骨髓的净化处理有指导意义；时BMT后（包括auto-BMT和auo-BMT）效果的评价、BMT后疗效的追踪观察以及BMT后化疗方案的制定均具有重要的临床意义，是BMT后长期随访、判断预后、预测复发的理想指标。     

Inhibitory Effect of Oxymatrine on Quartz-induced Secretion of TNF-α by the Pulmonary Alveolar Macrophages in the Fibroblast Proliferation

The massive proliferation of pulmonary fibroblasts is the common consequence shared by lung diseases. The over-expression of TNF-α plays an important role in the proliferation of pulmonary fibroblasts[1, 2]. Under patho-logical conditions, TNF-α is predominantly secreted by activated alveolar macrophages of lung. The high level of TNF-α acts on the receptors on the cell membrane of fibroblasts, mediates the conduction of intracellular sig-nals and eventually activates the nuclear factor…     

Protective Effect of Curcumin on Endotoxin-induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats

Acute lung injury (ALI) or its more severe form, the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is a common, devastating clinical syndrome that affects both medical and surgical patients. The most common cause of ALI is sepsis. There is now well-documented evidence that pulmonary inflammation contributes to the devel-opment of ALI. Despite significant advances in our un-derstanding of pathophysiology and technologies in the supportive management, mortality from ALI remains excessive. C…     

Cardio-protective Effects of Corocalm (疏冠胶囊)on Acute Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Objective: To investigate the cardio-protective effects of Corocalm (疏冠胶囊) on acute myocardial ischemia in rats, and to explore its possible therapeutic mechanisms. Methods: The acute ischemic model was prepared by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in rats. The animals were divided into 6 groups, 8 in each group. The sham operated group underwent heart exposure without ligation and were treated with normal saline 3 ml/kg, while the other 5 groups, the model groups, consisted of acceptable acute ischemic model rats and were also treated with normal saline, with the Guanxin Capsule ted with 85 mg/kg and 340 mg/kg of Corocalm respectively, and the Diltiazem group, treated with Diltiazem 5 mg/kg, with all the tested drugs prepared with normal saline into equal volume ( 3 mi/kg) and administrated once via duodenum 10 min before ligation. Myocardial infarction area was determined by the quantitative histological assay with nitroblue tetrazolium (N-BT) stain. And the levels of creatine phosphokinase (CK),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were measured by biochemical assay and spectrophotometry respectively. Besides, the blood viscosity in another 50 rats was determined, who received for 7 successive days oral administration with different concentration of Corocalm or aspirin. Results: It showed that low and high dose Corocalm could significantly reduce the infarction area, inhibit the increase of serum CK, LDH activity and MDA content, and enhance the SOD activity after ischemia/reperfusion. The whole blood viscosity at different shear rates in rats treated with high dose Corocalm was significantly lower than those treated with normal saline (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Corocalm has favourable protective effects on heart in ischemic condition, the effect of which might be through its actions in inhibiting CK and LDH activity, scavenging oxygen free radicals, and lowering blood viscosity.     

急性重症胰腺炎合并真菌感染分析及对策

目的探讨急性重症性胰腺炎(SAP)合并真菌感染特点及影响感染的高危因素。方法对1995年以来我院共收治SAP病人82例,根据病因分为两组:胆原性为(A组)46例,其他原因(饮酒、不明原因等)为(B组)36例。对患者入院时APCHEⅡ积分、肠麻痹、留置尿管、静脉营养、高血糖、肝功能障碍、应用抗生素情况等相关因素进行统计学分析。结果82例合并真菌感染22例,发生率为26.8%,A组合并真菌感染发生率21.7%,B组合并真菌感染发生率33.3%。有APCHEⅡ积分、肠麻痹、肠外营养、抗生素应用4个变量进入回归方程。四项指标危险因素与真菌感染发生率有明显相关(p<0.05)。结论对于APCHEⅡ积分(15.45±4.56)以上尤其是非胆原性SAP,肠麻痹和肠外营养≥7d、连续联合应用抗生素≥15d者应高度重视有真菌感染危险。     

The effects of television food advertisement on children''s food purchasing requests

BACKGROUND: Children's eating habits and their food consumption have direct relations with obesity, diabetes, cancers, hypertension and coronary heart disease. Television advertisements directly affect children's eating habits and their food consumption. This study was conducted in order to examine television advertisements and children's food consumption while watching television and their desire to purchase goods that they see on television advertisements. METHODS: In the first stage of the study, content analysis of the television advertisements was conducted. In the second stage of the study, a questionnaire (check list) was developed in order to examine children's food consumption while watching television and their purchasing requests while shopping in the supermarket. It was given to 347 mothers who have children aged between 3 and 8 years. RESULTS: When the results of the study were examined it was found that the time devoted to children's programs was approximately 121 min and the advertisements during this period were approximately 35 min. A total of 344 of the 775 television advertisements shown were related to food. It was also found that most of the food advertisements were about candy/chocolate, chips, milk and milk products such as cheese, yoghurt, and breakfast cereals. The results also revealed that 89.6% of the children either drank or ate something while watching television and the food they consumed most while watching television were fruits, soft drinks, popcorn/nuts, cake, chips and candy/chocolate. The results also revealed that 40.3% of the children asked their parents to purchase the goods that they saw on the television advertisements and that 8.9% of them argued with their parents and/or cried in order for their parents to buy that particular product. It was found that the children tended to request more sweetened products such as candy, ice-cream, biscuit, cake or soft drinks. CONCLUSION: More than half of the food presented in television advertisements were rich in fat and sugar. Children ask their parents to buy the goods they see on television advertisements both while watching television and while shopping. Television advertisements especially affect young children's unhealthy food consumption.     

Trends in childhood injury mortality in Canada, 1979–2002

OBJECTIVE: To examine national trends in mortality rates for injuries among Canadian children younger than 15 years in 1979-2002. METHODS: Data on injury deaths were obtained from the Canadian Vital Statistics system at Statistics Canada. Injuries were classified using the codes for external cause of injury and poisoning (E-codes) by intent and by mechanism. Mortality rates were age adjusted to the 1990 world standard population. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate the secular trends. RESULTS: Annual mortality rates for total and unintentional injuries declined substantially (from 23.8 and 21.7 in 1979 to 7.2 and 5.8 in 2002, respectively), whereas suicide deaths among children aged 10-14 showed an increasing trend. All Canadian provinces and territories showed a decreasing trend in mortality rates of total injuries. Motor vehicle related injuries were the most common cause of injury deaths (accounted for an average of 36.4% of total injury deaths), followed by suffocation (14.3%), drowning (13.5%), and burning (11.1%); however, suffocation was the leading cause for infants. The number of potential years of life lost due to injury before age 75 decreased from 89 343 in 1979 to 27 948 in 2002 for children aged 0-14 years. CONCLUSIONS: During the period 1979-2002, there were dramatic decreases in childhood mortality for total injuries and unintentional injuries as well as various degrees of reduction for all causes of injury except suffocation in children aged 10-14 years and drowning in infants. The reason for the reduction in injury mortality might be multifactoral.