姜黄素对大鼠早期肝缺血再灌注损伤肺的保护作用

目的 探讨姜黄素对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注早期损伤(再灌注1、3 h)肺的保护作用.方法 将大鼠随机分为假手术组(A组)、对照组(B组)和实验组(C组).通过检测再灌注早期肺组织病理学的改变及肺组织中SOD、CAT、MDA、MPO的含量来评价姜黄素对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤肺的保护作用.结果 姜黄素可减少大鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤肺间隔的水肿和肺泡中红细胞和白细胞的渗出.姜黄素提高了早期缺血再灌注后肺组织中SOD、CAT含量,降低了肺组织中MDA、MPO含量.结论 姜黄素通过抑制肺组织中的氧自由基的生成及中性粒细胞的浸润,从而在早期大鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤中起到了对肺的保护.     

孕妇血清AFP、uE3和β-hCG水平与严重胎儿缺陷的关系

①目的 探讨孕中期血清甲胎球蛋白（AFP），游离雌三醇（uF3)和β绒毛膜促性腺激素（β-HCG）水平与严重胎儿缺陷的关系。②方法 用ELISA方法对832例16-21周妊娠妇女血清AFP、UE3和β-hCG进行检测，以筛查阳性病人。③结果 14例胎儿被确诊为异常，其中唐氏综征2例，无脑儿3例，脊柱裂3例，唇腭裂1例，腹裂肠外翻1例，孕中期自然流产2例，死胎1例，葡萄胎1例，总检出率为1.68%，假阳性15例，占被检人数的1.80%。④结论 以上3种生化指标联合检测可作为产前诊断严重胎儿缺陷的有效方法。     

子宫切除术对生存质量的影响

目的：研究子宫切除术对生存质量的影响。方法：对108例因良性疾病而行腹式子宫切除术者进行前瞻性队列研究，术前及术后3，6，12个月进行调查问卷，观察症状、泌尿及胃肠功能、性功能、心理状况、社会生活状态的变化。结果：子宫切除术后3个月症状、压抑、焦虑程度减轻，社会生活状态显著提高，泌尿及胃肠功能、性功能无改变，这些改善持续至术后12个月。结论：子宫切除术可有效缓解妇科良性疾病所产生的症状，症状的缓解有利于改善生存质量。大多数因妇科良性疾病而行腹式子宫切除术的妇女，在术后1年，生存质量提高。     

结肠CT扫描技术初探

目的 :通过分析比较结肠扫描不同充填剂与不同体位的方法 ,探讨出最佳充填剂与最佳体位以提高结肠 CT扫描质量。方法 :分别对 4 0例结肠 CT扫描病人采用不同的充填剂 ,与不同的体位 ,评价不同的充填剂与不同体位的优缺点。结果 :水作为充填剂组病灶显示情况明显优于泛影萄胺组且伪影少 ,选择不同体位组图像质量也明显优于常规体位组。结论 :结肠 CT扫描时应首选水作为充填剂 ,根据病变不同选择不同的体位 ,有利于图像质量的提高     

Prevalence of occupational allergy due to live fish bait

BACKGROUND: Larvae of insects and worms, used as live fish bait (LFB), are a common source of allergy in anglers and occupationally exposed workers, but the prevalence and predictors have not yet been investigated. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of occupational allergy in workers exposed to LFB. METHODS: We assessed the prevalence of sensitization to LFB and work-related symptoms (WRS) in 76 workers occupationally exposed to it. All workers completed a case history questionnaire and underwent skin prick tests (SPT) for common aeroallergens and bluebottle (Calliphora vomitoria), bee moth (Galleria mellonella), mealworm (Tenebrio molitor), and gusano rojo (Cilecomadia moorei). Specific IgE were tested in 64 subjects. Two-thirds of the workers had a high level of LFB exposure. RESULTS: Sensitization to LFB was found in 24 workers (31.6%). Seven subjects (9.2%) reported WRS (asthma in 3, rhinoconjunctivitis in 5, and contact urticaria in 1), and 5 were positive for SPT and serum IgE to one or more LFB extracts. One was also exposed to LFB while fishing. Sensitization to LFB extracts and WRS were strongly associated (Odds Ratio = 6.6, P < 0.05). The 7 subjects with WRS had been exposed longer than asymptomatic subjects with positive skin tests to LFB (P < 0.05). No differences in sex, age, smoking habit, duration or level of exposure, and atopy were detected in symptomatic or in sensitized subjects, compared with normal workers. CONCLUSION: Sensitization to LFB and WRS are relatively frequent in occupationally exposed workers. No associated factors of occupational allergy to LFB could be detected.     

A comprehensive strategy for the evaluation and triage of the chest pain patient: A cost comparison study

BACKGROUND: Our objective was to determine the cost-effectiveness of a comprehensive, risk-based triage system, composed of multiple critical pathways, with the use of early myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in low-risk patients. We found previously that a chest pain evaluation system that uses MPI in low-risk patients was safe and effective, but the cost-effectiveness of this approach was not studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: We compared two groups. The Acute Cardiac Team (ACT) group (n = 874) was assigned prospectively to 1 of 4 risk levels by emergency department (ED) physicians. Level 1, 2, and 3 patients were admitted; level 4 patients were evaluated in the ED. Level 3 and 4 patients underwent ED MPI. The control group (n = 713) represented consecutive patients evaluated in the prior year according to standard care and assigned retrospectively to an ACT level based on the presenting electrocardiographic and clinical data. Record and hospital administrative data were assessed for clinical variables, outcomes, lengths of stay, and all expenses incurred within 30 days of the index visit. The baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar, including age, sex, myocardial infarction prevalence, and 30-day revascularization rates within each level or between the two groups. Mean costs per encounter were reduced for the ACT patients for each level, which was significant when all patients were compared ($5,030 +/- $7,081 vs $6,044 +/- $10,432, P =.02). Use of MPI in the low-risk patients was associated with reduced costs (level 3, $4,958 +/- $4,948 vs $5,051 +/- $7,036; level 4, $1,529 +/- $2,664 vs $1,794 +/- $6,854) and was associated with a significantly lower angiography rate and shorter length of stay. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of a comprehensive strategy for chest pain evaluation and triage reduced overall costs for patients with chest pain on presentation. Acute MPI in the ED setting did not increase net cost.     

某部性病基本知识调查分析

目的　探讨部队性病防治情况。方法　设计 10个与性病有关的问题 ,对随机抽样某师 4个营官兵现场无记名调查。结果　有关性病的基本知识已被大部分官兵所认知 ,但也有一部分官兵对性病缺乏了解 ,甚至误解。结论　在官兵中加强性病基本知识的宣传 ,强调性病的危害对部队防治性病很有必要。     

Mr imaging of hepatic nodular regenerative hyperplasia

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH), a rare condition that is commonly associated with noncirrhotic portal hypertension, is not well described in the MR literature. Three patients at two institutions were identified who had both abdominal MR imaging and pathologic evidence of NRH. All examinations were performed at 1.5 T and included axial T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo (SE) images. The MR studies were reviewed by two radiologists in consensus. Two patients had multiple liver lesions that had high signal components on T1-weighted images and were predominantly isointense with liver on the T2-weighted images. One patient had no focal lesions identified. NRH, when visualized on MR images, appears as multifocal masses with shortened Tl and T2 similar to liver. NRH should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular tumors, especially in patients with a predisposing condition.     

Risk of death from acute pancreatitis

Summary Conclusions The analysis of all the data available in 192 patients at 24 h from admission shows that only serum glucose above 250 mg/dL (13.88 mmol/L) and serum creatinine above 2 mg/dL (176.8 μmol/L) are prognostic factors of death (P<0.0001). When, however, pathological chest X-rays are also considered in a subset of 149 patients, these and serum creatinine are prognostic factors of death with odds ratios of 2.9 (95% CL 1.3–6.3) and 9.4 (95% CL 2.2–40.7), respectively (P<0.0001). Background In patients suffering from acute pancreatitis, neither Ranson scores nor Glasgow criteria evaluation at 24 h yield a sufficiently reliable prognosis of the risk of death from the first acute attack. Methods After excluding posttraumatic, postsurgical, and post-ERCP acute pancreatitis, we selected 192 consecutive patients admitted in the first instance to our center for a first attack, distinguishing between patients who died and patients who survived. We used Cox's model to analyze the prognostic weight of variables available within 24 h of admission (sex, age, alcohol intake, smoking habits, 17 biochemical tests, body mass index, chest X-rays, body temperature, and shock status). Results Seventeen (8.8%) patients died; mortality showed a decreasing trend over the period of years considered and was correlated, among other things, with necrotizing type of pancreatitis, idiopathic etiology, and shock status on admission.     

Localized pleural plaques and lung cancer.

In a mass chest radiography survey conducted in 1971 for 7,986 residents of three Finnish communities, 604 subjects (7.6%) with pleural plaques but not other asbestos-related radiographic signs were identified. The same number of referents, each individually matched to each plaque carrier on sex, birth year, and community, was selected from among persons in the same source population with no pleural plaques. The two groups were followed for investigation of incidence of lung cancer during 1972-1989. Twenty-eight of those with plaques and 25 referents contracted lung cancer (crude conditional RR = 1.1; CL95 = 0.7, 1.9). The application of the proportional hazards model, with adjustment for sex, age, and residence, resulted in a hazard ratio of 1.1 (CL = 0.6, 1.8). The risk ratio estimate may be biased; hence, the result is inconclusive in regard to the predictive assessment of lung cancer risk among carriers of pleural plaques.