Assessment of adolescent varicocele

Varicocele is the most important male factor responsible for decreased fertility potential in married couples. From March through June 1994, 2,470 school boys aged 10–20 years were examined to establish the incidence of consecutive grades of varicocele and to develop a protocol for diagnosis and treatment of adolescents with varicocele. Grade 1 varicocele was found in 18%, grade 2 in 12%, and grade 3 in 5% of the population examined. An original protocol of ultrasonographic (US) examination (previously verified by angioscintigraphy) was introduced to assess boys with clinically diagnosed varicocele. The volume of each testis, testicular volume decrease (TVD), pampiniform vein diameter (PVD), and basal (BBF) and maximum blood flow (MBF) velocities were measured in 625 boys. In 74 cases a semen analysis was performed. The statistical analysis revealed that the presence of venous reflux and PVD correlated with the grade of varicocele. Decreases in testicular volume were highly dependent on the grade of varicocele, PVD, and BBF and MBF velocities. Analysis of the relationship between spermatic (boys over 17 years) and US findings revealed that the quality of spermatogenesis can be predicted by US examination in adolescents with varicocele. The authors recommend multiparametric US examination as a reliable, objective, and repeatable technique for establishing criteria for operative treatment in boys under 18 years of age with varicocele as well as for postoperative evaluation.     

Reasons for rejecting potential donors from a sperm bank program

Purpose: Recruiting donors to a sperm bank program is difficult and slow because of high dropout rates and high rejection rates. The profile of successful and unsuccessful donors was determined at our sperm bank. Methods: A total of 199 men was screened from 1986 to 1994 in the anonymous sperm bank donor program; 174 (87%) men dropped out or did not meet minimum guidelines. The study included 25 accepted donors and 20 rejected men (of 52 rejected donors, only 20 donors who came for two consecutive semen analyses were selected). Sperm quality variables and demographic data were compared between the groups. Results: Accepted donors had significantly better semen quality in motility, velocity, linearity, and ALH than did rejected donors (P < 0.01). More rejected donors than accepted donors were single (P < 0.01). A higher percentage of accepted donors consumed caffeine (P < 0.001), and they were more likely to have college degrees (P < 0.03). Conclusions: These results indicate that loss of interest and poor semen quality were the major reasons for rejection of donors in our anonymous donor sperm bank program.     

用正交试验法对硅胶柱准离子交换色谱溶剂系统的研究

 目的:探讨硅胶柱-准离子交换液相色语分析生物碱的分离机制、应用原则。方法:未用正交设计直观分析方法进行多因素多水平试脸，以不同类型生物碱保留时间为指标，甲醉-醋酸-醋酸铵不同比例的溶剂系统为流动相进 行液相色谱分析。结果:溶剂来统中醋酸铵浓度对生物碱保留时问影响最大，其次是醋酸及甲醇浓度。结论:硅胶柱不但可以用于一般的正相吸附色谱，还可利用其硅胶表面硅醇基进行离子交换色谱分析。据此提出了硅胶柱准离子交换色谱的概念。     

肝针吸良、恶性细胞核内AgNORs图像分析的定量研究

应用真彩色图像分析技术对肝针吸细胞中的２０例肝癌及５例增生肝细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲｓ进行了定量研究。结果显示，肝针吸肝癌细胞核内ＡｇＮＯＲｓ的平均面积、平均积分光密度、颗粒直径及平均颗粒数均明显高于增生肝细胞（Ｐ＜００１）；ＡｇＮＯＲｓ图像定量分析可为肝针吸癌细胞和增生肝细胞的鉴别诊断提供一种新的定量指标；ＡｇＮＯＲｓ在形态、数量及分布上的不同特征也可作为鉴别两者的重要依据。     

利用粘附式细胞仪测定培养巨噬细胞内pH值

用ｐＨ值敏感荧光探针Ｓｎａｆｌｃａｌｃｅｉｎ－ＡＭ标记体外培养４８小时的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞，５７０型粘附式细胞仪观察巨噬细胞在对刀豆素Ａ进行受体介导内吞过程中细胞内ｐＨ值的变化。结果显示，开始内吞后细胞内ｐＨ值即降低，内吞进行到第５分钟细胞内ｐＨ值降到最低，在此后的６分钟内均维持于这一较低水平。本法灵敏度高，简便快捷，适用范围广，可无损伤观察活细胞或细胞器ｐＨ值的变化。     

人原发性大肠癌的染色体分析

用改良的直接法分析了20例大肠癌新鲜瘤组织及4例大肠癌细胞系的细胞遗传学改变，发现瘤细胞多为异倍体，染色体众数以亚二倍体居多；核型分析发现，其杂色体数目畸变为，13号染色体增多；17号、1号和Y染色体的丢失，结构畸变最常累及1号染色体，断裂声、1q21出现率较高，其次为1p13区的断裂及末端丢失。提示1号染色体结构异常可能为原发性大肠癌特征性染色体改变之一。     

香连丸中黄连的显微定量测定

提出黄连的显微定量标准。用显微定量法和分光光度法对比测定了香连丸中黄连的含量,证实显微定量法的准确性。     

洪涝灾害对灾民腹泻影响因素的Logistic回归分析

１９９６年８月３日至４日，河北省８个市９１个县１５１７万人口遭受洪涝灾害，对其中２０个县４０个乡８０个自然村２０８０户，７９０８名灾民进行腹泻调查，发现腹泻９３９例，人群罹患率为１１．８７％。对全部调查对象进行腹泻影响因素调查，并对共用Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析，结果发现灾区为平原、村进水或被水围、水源不以自来水为主、洪水时未组织有效地井水消毒和户内饮水消毒以及消毒不及时，当时降雨量、家庭有腹泻病人     

正常成人嗓音频谱分析

为探讨不同性别及不同年龄阶段我国正常成人嗓音的声学特征,应用计算机频谱分析技术对145例18～80岁正常人的嗓音进行声学参数检测.结果表明:各年龄段男女基频(F_0),第二、三共振峰(F_2、F_3),频率微扰商(FPQ)以及中、青年男女间振幅微扰商(APQ)有显著性差异,男性振幅微扰商(APQ)随年龄增长而下降,六十岁以后又明显升高,老年男性基频(F_0)明显升高而老年女性基频(F_0)则明显下降.本研究可为临床嗓音的分析评估提供客观的方法和依据.     

拉萨市藏汉族婴儿动脉血氧饱和度调查分析

目的证实在高原低氧环境下，世居藏族婴儿比汉族婴儿具有较强的维持体内氧供能力。方法采用动脉血氧饱和度仪在海拔３６５８ｍ、大气压６５．３ｋＰａ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）的拉萨市，对１４例藏族婴儿和１５例汉族婴儿，从出生到生后４个月在清醒、浅睡、深睡及吃奶４种状态下的动脉血氧饱和度（ＳａＯ２）进行了动态监测。结果（１）两组婴儿出生后最初４８小时内的ＳａＯ２均显示高水平状态，睡眠时ＳａＯ２低于清醒时ＳａＯ２；（２）汉族婴儿生后第１天～４个月的４种生理状态下ＳａＯ２均低于藏族婴儿；（３）汉族婴儿的低氧血症临床体征，如睡眠和吃奶时紫绀等比藏族婴儿频发。结论遗传性适应可能是藏族婴儿具有足够血氧程度的基础