从青霉素G生产7-氨基脱乙酰氧基头孢烷酸

综述了以青霉素Ｇ钾为原料经氧化,酯化,扩环,水解,脱苯乙酰基等反应制备了７－氨基脱乙酰氧基头孢烷酸的合成工艺。     

Phase Transformation after Heat Treatment of Cr-Ni Stainless Steel Powder for 3D Printing

Today, Ni-Cr steel is used for advanced applications in the high-temperature and electrical industries, medical equipment, food industry, agriculture and is applied in food and beverage packaging and kitchenware, automotive or mesh. A study of input steel powder from various stages of the recycling process intended for 3D printing was conducted. In addition to the precise evaluation of the morphology, particle size and composition of the powders used for laser 3D printing, special testing and evaluation of the heat-treated powders were carried out. Heat treatment up to 950 °C in an air atmosphere revealed the properties of powders that can appear during laser sintering. The powders in the oxidizing atmosphere change the phase composition and the original FeNiCr stainless steel changes to a two-phase system of Fe₃Ni and Cr₂O₃, as evaluated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Observation of the morphology showed the separation of the oxidic phase in the sense of a brittle shell. The inner part of the powder particle is a porous compact core. The particle size is generally reduced due to the peeling of the oxide shell. This effect can be critical to 3D printing processing, causing defects on the printed parts, as well as reducing the usability of the precursor powder and can also change the properties of the printed part.     

6′-羟基爵床定A对肿瘤细胞的抑制活性及其对肿瘤细胞氧化还原系统的影响

目的筛选对6′-羟基爵床定A(JR6)敏感的肿瘤细胞株并探讨其对细胞氧化还原功能的影响。方法将人膀胱癌细胞株EJ、肝癌细胞Bel、肺癌细胞A549、结肠癌细胞HCT-8和HT-29、胃癌细胞BGC、大肠癌细胞LS180、宫颈癌细胞HeLa、肝癌细胞HepG2以及乳腺癌细胞MCF-7分为正常对照组、阳性药对照顺铂、多柔比星、替尼泊苷、依托泊苷和5-氟尿嘧啶组及JR6组,细胞加入相应的药物培养48h后,采用噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)检测细胞存活率并计算IC50值。选用对JR6与多柔比星作用敏感的人膀胱癌细胞EJ,加入相应的药物培养48h后,分别检测细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量。EJ细胞分为外源性SOD+多柔比星9.19μmol.L-1组和外源性SOD+JR63.02,9.07,27.2,81.7和245μmol.L-1处理组,其中SOD分别为0,1.9,5.6,16.7,50和150kU.L-1,MTT法检测细胞存活率。多柔比星9.19μmo.lL-1,JR612.3,49.0和196μmo.lL-1加入EJ细胞,24h后用激光共聚焦显微镜检测EJ细胞内活性氧类的含量。结果 EJ细胞对JR6较为敏感,IC50为57.1μmol.L-1,多柔比星对EJ细胞的IC50为4.08μmol.L-1。其余9种肿瘤细胞对JR6的IC50值为71.3～123μmol.L-1。与正常对照组比较,多柔比星9.19μmo.lL-1能明显降低EJ细胞内SOD,GSH-Px和CAT活性,分别降低了(64.3±2.1)%,(66.5±3.5)%和(49.6±1.9)%,而MDA的含量明显升高了(432.0±5.4)%(P<0.01);JR63.02,9.07,27.2,81.7和245μmo.lL-1使EJ细胞内SOD的活性分别降低了(7.28±0.3)%,(57.1±3.2)%,(66.5±4.7)%,(72.1±5.5)%和(77.8±2.4)%;GSH-Px活性分别降低了(20.3±1.6)%,(32.8±2.3)%,(45.3±3.6)%,(59.3±4.5)%和(71.9±4.2)%,CAT活性分别降低了(10.1±0.6)%,(15.9±0.7)%,(25.9±2.3)%,(38.8±3.5)%和(52.4±3.9)%;同时MDA含量分别升高了(24.4±1.3)%,(90.2±8.70)%,(217.0±19.0)%,(356.0±24.0)%和(539.0±32.0)%(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与无外源性SOD组比较,在外源性SOD存在时,多柔比星与JR6对EJ细胞的生长抑制率明显下降(P<0.05)。与正常对照组相比,多柔比星9.19μmol.L-1使EJ细胞活性氧类水平升高了(43.0±2.1)%,JR612.3,49.0和196μmol.L-1使EJ细胞ROS水平分别升高了(40.7±0.7)%,(84.1±6.3)%和(151.0±2.9)%(P<0.01)。结论人膀胱癌细胞株EJ对JR6最敏感;JR6通过干预细胞内氧化还原系统平衡抑制细胞的增殖,外源性SOD可以拮抗JR6对敏感细胞增殖的抑制作用。     

酶催化荧光法测定酚磺乙胺

目的:建立酶催化荧光法测定酚磺乙胺。方法:基于在pH 8.9的氯化铵-氨水的缓冲溶液中,利用酚磺乙胺对血红蛋白模拟酶催化荧光体系的猝灭作用,研究了该猝灭体系的最佳实验条件及动力学行为。结果:测定的线性范围为3.80×10-8~1.52×10-5mol.L-1,检出限为3.49×10-9mol.L-1。对浓度为6.80×10-6mol.L-1的酚磺乙胺进行11次平行测定,其RSD为3.6%。结论:该方法简单、快速、灵敏,可用于酚磺乙胺注射液中酚磺乙胺含量的测定。     

二相厌氧—生物接触氧化工艺处理四环素废水的研究

本文以二相厌氧-生物接触氧化工艺对四环素废水的处理进行了试验研究,并考察了各反应器的运行特性。在进水COD浓度≤3500mg/L,四环素浓度≤230mg/L,二相厌氧中产酸相、产甲烷相及后续生物接触氧化反应器的水力停留时间分别为3、24h和10h时,COD去除率93％,四环素去除率96％,出水COD<230mg/L,生物接触氧化对氨氮的去除率为75％。试验结果表明二相厌氧-生物接触氧化工艺用于处理四环素废水是可行的。     

樱花多糖提取工艺的优化及抗氧化性研究

目的:通过正交试验优化樱花多糖的提取工艺,对樱花多糖的抗氧化功能进行了相关的研究,为樱花多糖保健功能的研究提供试验依据。方法:通过正交设计优化樱花多糖的提取工艺,用蒽酮-硫酸法测定不同提取条件下多糖的含量,并对其进行抗氧化性试验和自由基的清除试验。结果与结论:通过对试验结果进行分析,最优工艺为3 g干燥的樱花花瓣置于烧杯中,加蒸馏水240 m L,在90℃的水浴锅中提取3 h,过滤,离心,得上清液。各种浓度的樱花多糖提取液均能够有效地清除超氧阴离子自由基(O2-·),且随着浓度的增大,其清除能力逐渐增强。浓度为70.5μg·L-1多糖提取液的清除率为58.82%。     

Effect of Ti3SiC2 and Ti3AlC2 Particles on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Microarc Oxidation Layers on TC4 Alloy

Microarc oxidation (MAO) layers were prepared using 8g/L Na₂SiO₃ + 6g/L (NaPO₃)₆ + 4g/L Na₂WO₄ electrolyte with the addition of 2g/L Ti₃SiC₂/Ti₃AlC₂ particles under constant-current mode. The roughness, porosity, composition, surface/cross-sectional morphology, and frictional behavior of the prepared MAO layers were characterized by 3D real-color electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, and with a tribo-tester. The results showed that the addition of Ti₃SiC₂ and Ti₃AlC₂ to the electrolyte reduced the porosity of the prepared layers by 9% compared with that of the MAO layer without added particles. The addition of Ti₃SiC₂/Ti₃AlC₂ also reduced the friction coefficient and wear rate of the prepared layers by 35% compared with that of the MAO layer without added particles. It was found that the addition of Ti₃AlC₂ particles to the electrolyte resulted in the lowest porosity and the lowest wear volume.     

Effects of Micro-Arc Oxidation Discharge Parameters on Formation and Biomedical Properties of Hydroxyapatite-Containing Flower-like Structure Coatings

The micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process was used to prepare hydroxyapatite-containing flower-like structure coatings on commercially pure titanium substrates with various values of the applied voltage (330, 390, 450 V), applied current (0.4, 0.5, 0.6 A), and duration time (1, 3, 5 min). It was found that the surface morphology of the coatings was determined primarily by the applied voltage. A voltage of 330 V yielded a flower-like/plate-like structure, while voltages of 390 V and 450 V produced a flower-like structure and a porous morphology, respectively. The applied current and duration time mainly affected the coating formation speed and petal size of the flower-like structures, respectively. The coatings prepared using voltages of 330 V and 390 V (0.6 A, 5 min) both contained Ti, TiO₂-A (anatase), TiO₂-R (rutile), DCPD (CaHPO₄·2H₂O, calcium hydrogen phosphate), and hydroxyapatite (HA). However, the latter coating contained less DCPD and had a higher HA/DCPD ratio and a Ca/P ratio closer to the ideal value of HA. The coating prepared with a voltage of 450 V consisted mainly of Ti, TiO₂-A, TiO₂-R, and CaTiO₃. For the coatings prepared with a voltage of 390 V, the flower-like structures consisted mainly of HA-containing compounds. DCPD plate-like structures were observed either between the HA-containing flower-like structures (330 V samples) or within the flower-like structures themselves (390 V samples). The coating surfaces with flower-like/plate-like or flower-like structures had a greater roughness, which increased their hydrophilicity and resulted in superior bioactivity (SBF immersion) and biocompatibility (MG-63 cell culture). The optimal biomedical performance was found in the 390 V coating due to its flower-like structure and high HA/DCPD ratio.     

糖尿病患者血清低密度脂蛋白亚组分的分布及氧化易感性

为探讨糖尿病（ＤＭ）患者血浆低密度脂蛋白（ＬＤＬ）亚组分的异常特性。本文采用密度工超速离心直接分离ＬＤＬ亚组分,并对其分布及体外铜离子介导的氧化易感性进行分析。结果表示单纯ＤＭ患者、ＤＭ合并症患者及对照组间ＬＤＬ亚组分分布无差别;ＤＭ患者ＬＤＬ各组分氧化延滞时间显著缩短,尤以ＤＭ合并症患者明显,示其易于氧化,血浆脂质巡氧化程度亦增高。认为ＤＭ患者动脉粥样硬化的高发生率同其ＬＤＬ易于氧化的我相关联。     

CO Oxidation over Pd Catalyst Supported on Porous TiO2 Prepared by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) of a Ti Metallic Carrier

A porous TiO₂ layer was prepared with the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of Ti. In a further step, Pd was deposited on the TiO₂ surface layer using the adsorption method. The activity of the Pd/TiO₂/Ti catalyst was investigated during the oxidation of CO to CO₂ in a mixture of air with 5% CO. The structure of the catalytic active layer was studied using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The PEO process provided a porous TiO₂ layer with a uniform thickness in the range of 5–10 µm, which is desirable for the production of Pd-supported catalysts. A TOF-SIMS analysis showed the formation of Pd nanoparticles after the adsorption treatment. The conversion of CO to CO₂ in all samples was achieved at 150–280 °C, depending on the concentration of Pd. The composition of Pd/ TiO₂/Ti was determined using ICP-MS. The optimum concentration of Pd on the surface of the catalyst was approximately 0.14% wt. This concentration was obtained when a 0.4% PdCl₂ solution was used in the adsorption process. Increasing the concentration of PdCl₂ did not lead to a further improvement in the activity of Pd/ TiO₂/Ti.