高血压性左心室肥厚与QTc间期关系

研究了４１例高血压性左心室肥厚患者超声心动图左心室舒张末期内径（ＬＶＤｄ）和心电图ＱＴｃ间期的关系。结果显示：①左心室肥厚者ＱＴｃ间期延长（ｘ２＝１１．７０１，Ｐ＜０．０１），②左心室肥厚程度与ＱＴｃ间期延长呈直线性相关关系（ｒ＝０．４０，Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM AND HYPERTENSIVE LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN THE RAT

The relationship between left ventricle-to-body weight ratio (LV/BW), mean arterial pressure (MAP, the average of 12 h of intra-arterial monitoring in conscious animals) and plasma renin activity (PRA) was assessed at 12 weeks after unilateral clipping or sham operation in twenty-four one-kidney rats and twenty-six two-kidney rats. The degree of hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy were similar in one-kidney and two-kidney groups. There was a close linear relationship between LV/BW and MAP which was similar in one-kidney and two-kidney rats. PRA was significantly elevated only in two-kidney rats and was not related to the degree of hypertrophy after accounting for the effect of PRA on MAP. These data suggest that activation of the renin-angiotensin system does not contribute directly to myocardial hypertrophy in rats with renal-clip hypertension.     

Plastic surgery of the breast

The authors divide the techniques of reduction mammoplasty into two groups. The first one is done by the so-called classical method in which the two important pedicles—th medial (internal mammary artery) and the lateral (lateral thoracic artery)—are preserved. The second one is made through the free transplant of the areolar, chiefly in those cases of large hypertrophic breasts. Both methods give good results in experienced and skillful hands, as well as good satisfaction to the majority of our patients. On the other hand, complications may arise, as in every field of plastic surgery.     

Regression of myocardial hypertrophy: III. Alterations in left ventricular performance

Parameters of left ventricular function were measured during the regression of pressure-overload induced left ventricular hypertrophy. Supravalvar aortic stenosis was produced in rats by constricting their ascending aorta with a metal band. Sham operated rats served as controls. Four weeks after constriction the bands were removed from a group of rats. Other rats with aortic constriction and sham operated controls underwent a sham operation. Two, 4 or 8 weeks later rats from each group underwent a hemodynamic study in situ. The left ventricular-aortic gradient was completely abolished upon removal of the band. Left ventricular weight rapidly decreased toward that of the sham operated control within the first 2 weeks. Cardiac output and stroke volume were similar in the control and banded animals. However, in the debanded animals both parameters fell below the levels of the sham operated control rats and the rats with continued aortic constriction by 2 weeks. By 8 weeks cardiac output and stroke volume in these rats returned to normal. Peak flow velocity was decreased in both the banded and the debanded rats, but returned to control levels by four weeks after debanding. The data suggest that although a normal cardiac output can be maintained by the hypertrophied, pressure-overloaded myocardium, myocardial pump function diminishes during the early regression of hypertrophy coinciding with the loss of myocardium. Function does recover, however, after a longer period of regression. This phenomenon may be related to an abnormality in the hypertrophied myocardial muscle and to the decreased synthesis of myocardial muscle previously demonstrated during the regression of hypertrophy.     

Regeneration of the thyroid gland in dogs after resection

In experiments on 44 dogs after removal of one lobe of the thyroid gland or one complete lobe and two-thirds of the other, no increase in weight of the residual part of the gland was observed. Restoration of thyroid function took place through hypertrophy of the thyroid epithelium in the residual gland, brought about by hyperplasia of the intracellular structures.Department of Pathological Anatomy, Blagoveshchensk Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. P. Avtsyn.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 81, No. 1, pp. 64–65, Janyary, 1976.     

Elevated 12- and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in urine of patients with prostatic diseases

The role of eicosanoids (metabolites of arachidonic acid) in prostate diseases is receiving increased attention. We investigated the relationship between the concentrations of urinary free acids of 12- and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (12- and 20-HETE) and the benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and prostate cancer (Pca). Urinary concentrations of 12-HETE and 20-HETE of BPH and Pca patients were significantly higher than normal subjects. After removal of the prostate gland, the urinary concentrations of these eicosanoids decreased to concentrations similar to the normal subjects. These results suggest that urinary free acids of 12-HETE and 20-HETE indicate an abnormality of the prostate gland.     

Blockade of adrenal compensatory hypertrophy by unilateral hypothalamic lesions

To determine if unilateral hypothalamic lesions block adrenal compensatory hypertrophy (ACH), such lesions were produced unilaterally under stereotaxic guidance using direct cathodal current in rats just after the left adrenal gland was removed. The animals were sacrificed one week later and the degree of the ACH of the remaining adrenal gland was determined. Animals without lesions uniformly showed ACH in terms of an absolute increase in adrenal weight of the remaining gland as compared to the one excised or if calculated as mg adrenal weight/100 g body weight. On the other hand, lesions in the region lateral to the paraventricular nucleus, lateral to the median eminence or in the region between these two loci prevented ACH in roughly 50% of the animals whether the lesion was placed on the same or opposite side of the hypothalamus. Some lesions in the mid-line in the vicinity of the paraventricular nucleus also resulted in blockade of ACH. We speculate that the blockade is due to a partial elimination of CRF and/or vasopressin/oxytocinergic pathways which are activated by the fall in plasma corticosterone after removal of an adrenal gland.     

Myofibrillar AlPase, DNA and Hydroxyproline Content of Human Hypertrophied Heart

70 human hearts were studied less than 36 hours after death. The apex, and in some cases other parts of the myocardium were homogenized, DNA, hydroxyproline content, myofibrillar Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase were measured. In normal hearts the DNA and collagen content were 372 +/- 9 mg and 36 +/- 7 mg. Ca2+ and Mg2+ ATPase of the myofibrils prepared from these hearts have shown the same specific activity (35 +/- 5 and 34 +/- 6 nmol/min./mg) as those from fresh biopsies taken during open-chest surgery. The heart weight correlates with the DNA content (r= + 0.58 -p less than 0.01) and with the myofibrillar ATPase (r= - 0.33 - p less than 0.02) but not with the DNA concentration nor with the collagen content or concentration. The main result of this study was the presence of a negative correlation between the DNA content of the heart and the Mg2+ or Ca2+ myofibrillar ATPase (r= - 0.31, p less than 0.05 - r= - 0.45, p less than 0.01). This correlation was analysed with reference to the histological and biochemical studies published by several authors in human or experimental heart hypertrophy and it was suggested that in human heart hypertrophy the decrease of the myofibrillar or myosin ATPase is a direct consequence of the high degree of polyploidy of the muscular cells observed in this condition.     

Adenocarcinoma of the stomach in association with Menetrier's disease

Menetrier's disease is an uncommon lesion which may have malignant potential. This report documents a case of gastric malignancy arising in a patient with long-standing Menetrier's disease and emphasizes that close follow-up of patients with this condition is necessary because of the possible development of gastric malignancy.