压力负荷性左室肥厚大鼠心肌钠钙交换体和肌浆网钙泵的表达

目的 观察压力负荷性左室肥厚大鼠心功能异常及心肌钠钙交换体(NCX)和肌浆网钙泵(SERCA2a)的表达变化.方法 缩窄大鼠腹主动脉制备压力负荷性心肌肥厚模型,测定在体血流动力学及左室重量指数(LVWI),用RT-PCR和Western blot法检测左室组织NCX及SERCA2a的表达.结果 与假手术组相比,模型大鼠左室收缩压(LVSP)及左室舒张末压(LVEDP)均显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.001);左室重量指数显著增加(P<0.001)及左室NCX mRNA表达上调(P相似文献   

Effects of resistance exercise combined with vascular occlusion on muscle function in athletes

The effects of resistance exercise combined with vascular occlusion on muscle function were investigated in highly trained athletes. Elite rugby players (n=17) took part in an 8 week study of exercise training of the knee extensor muscles, in which low-intensity [about 50% of one repetition maximum] exercise combined with an occlusion pressure of about 200 mmHg (LIO, n=6), low-intensity exercise without the occlusion (LI, n=6), and no exercise training (untrained control, n=5) were included. The exercise in the LI group was of the same intensity and amount as in the LIO group. The LIO group showed a significantly larger increase in isokinetic knee extension torque than that in the other two groups (P<0.05) at all the velocities studied. On the other hand, no significant difference was seen between LI and the control group. In the LIO group, the cross-sectional area of knee extensors increased significantly (P<0.01), suggesting that the increase in knee extension strength was mainly caused by muscle hypertrophy. The dynamic endurance of knee extensors estimated from the decreases in mechanical work production and peak force after 50 repeated concentric contractions was also improved after LIO, whereas no significant change was observed in the LI and control groups. The results indicated that low-intensity resistance exercise causes, in almost fully trained athletes, increases in muscle size, strength and endurance, when combined with vascular occlusion. Electronic Publication     

Early biochemical and morphological changes of the rat adrenal medulla induced by xylitol

Long-term administration of high doses of xylitol and other polyols in rats has been associated with an increase in adrenal medullary hyperplasia and neoplasia. In order to exclude age-related factors and to differentiate between unspecific stress reactions and direct effects of the compound administered, a model was developed for quantifying early adrenomedullary responses. Male SD rats were fed xylitol (10% or 20% in the diet) for 2 and 8 weeks, and early biochemical changes were correlated with a stereological analysis of the adrenal medulla. At first, the in vivo rate of catecholamine (CA) biosynthesis was slightly decreased (at 2 weeks). This was followed by an increase in dopamine--hydroxylase (DBH) activity (at 8 weeks). By that time, the total chromaffin cell volume had increased and the number of chromaffin cells per reference volume had decreased in a dose-dependent way. The total number of chromaffin cells per adrenal gland showed a distinct tendency towards an increase. Adrenal epinephrine and norepinephrine contents were not altered, and both tyrosine hydroxylase and phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase activities remained unchanged. These data suggest that continued xylitol administration evoked an inhibitory effect on CA synthesis that, together with stimulation of the adrenal medulla brought about by the compound, resulted in compensatory medullary hypertrophy and hyperplasia.     

腺样体肥大患儿血清炎症介质和淋巴细胞亚群表达特征及与患儿预后的相关性

目的研究腺样体肥大患儿血清炎症介质、淋巴细胞亚群表达特征及其与患儿预后的相关性。方法选取浙江中医药大学附属第三医院收治的86例腺样体肥大患儿(观察组)和86例健康儿童(对照组)作为研究对象,采集血液标本测定血清炎症介质及淋巴细胞亚群相关指标,对比两组儿童的测定结果。分析腺样体肥大患儿的肥大程度、腺样体再增生情况,对比不同肥大程度患儿的血清指标,并分析各指标与患儿病情程度及预后(腺样体再增生)的关系。结果观察组患儿肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(sIL-2R)及白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平分别为(492.44±50.56)mg/L、(420.48±61.79)U/ml及(33.65±4.51)pg/ml,对照组儿童分别为(301.22±41.65)mg/L、(236.55±57.90)U/ml及(16.25±3.27)pg/ml,差异均有统计学意义(t=16.004,P<0.05;t=20.311,P<0.05;t=8.995,P<0.05)。观察组CD4⁺、CD8⁺及CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平分别为(35.75±7.05)、(16.22±2.69)及(1.46±0.67),对照组分别为(34.25±4.53)、(17.62±2.35)及(1.40±0.62),差异均无统计学意义(t=1.036,P>0.05;t=0.905,P>0.05;t=0.823,P>0.05)。相比腺样体中度肥大患儿,重度肥大患儿的TNF-α、sIL-2R、IL-6、CD4⁺及CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平明显更高(P<0.05)。相比未增生患儿,腺样体再增生患儿的TNF-α、sIL-2R、IL-6、CD4⁺及CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平明显更高(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,患儿腺样体肥大程度与TNF-α、sIL-2R、IL-6、CD4⁺及CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均呈正相关(P<0.05)。患儿腺体再增生与TNF-α、sIL-2R、IL-6、CD4⁺及CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平也呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论腺样体肥大患儿的血清炎症介质及部分T淋巴细胞亚群表达显著升高,其与腺样体肥大程度、患儿预后密切相关。     

高血压左室肥厚伴发左心衰竭行心脏彩色多普勒超声的临床诊断价值分析

目的:分析在高血压左室肥厚并左心力衰竭患者诊断中应用心脏彩色多普勒超声的诊断价值。方法:随机抽取2017年8月~2019年9月本院73例高血压左室肥厚并左心力衰竭病例并纳入观察组,另选择健康体检者70例并纳入对照组。均进行心脏彩色多普勒超声诊断,对比组间各指标的差异以及不同心功能分级患者的心脏彩超指标测定结果。结果:观察组的SBP、DBP、LVM、LVEF、LVFS、LVESD、LVEDD检测结果均高于对照组,且两组各指标比较中P<0.05;心功能Ⅲ级组患者的LVEDD、LAD、E/Ea均高于Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级组患者,同时LVEF低于Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级组患者,且各组间比较中P<0.05;心功能Ⅱ级组患者的LVEDD、LAD、E/Ea均高于Ⅰ级患者,同时LVEF低于Ⅰ级组患者,且组间比较中P<0.05。结论:实施心脏彩色多普勒超声检查有利于实现患者的明确诊断,可对其心功能情况的有效判别提供参考依据。     

肥大心肌磷脂酶C的活性变化及卡托普利对其影响

目的 :探讨肾性高血压所致肥大心肌组织磷脂酶C(PLC)活性改变在心肌肥大发生发展中的作用。方法 :制作两肾一夹 (two kindneyoneclip ,2KIC)高血压动物模型 ,以未进行两肾一夹者为假手术组。观察术后 1周、2周、4周和 8周时动脉血压 ,心肌肥大指数 ,心肌ACE活性及PLC活性的变化 ;术后 4周给予卡托普利 (captopril) ,观察 8周时动物的动脉血压 ,心肌肥大指数 ,心肌ACE活性及PLC活性的变化。结果 :术后 2周开始发生高血压与心肌肥大 ,心肌ACE活性于术后 2周、4周、8周显著增高 ;PLC活性于术后 2周、4周、8周分别增高 6 4 6 5 % (P<0 0 5 )、81 5 3 % (P <0 0 5 )、97 2 2 % (P <0 0 1) ,术后 4周给予captopril ,至 8周动脉血压、心肌肥大指数、心肌ACE活性及PLC活性均回降至假手术组水平。结论 :肾性高血压所致肥大心肌组织磷脂酰肌醇特异性PLC活性升高 ,AngⅡ可能通过活化的PLC参与心肌肥大的发生过程     

倍他乐克逆转高血压左室肥厚的临床观察

目的　比较 2药对高血压左室肥厚患者的疗效及运动后对心率、血压的影响。方法　采用随机分组法将 80例高血压左室肥厚的病人分成两组 ,倍他乐克组和硝苯地平组 ,治疗前后查超声心动图 ,测定IVST、PWT及LVMI ,心率及血压。结果　① 2药降压效果无明显差异。② 2组患者IVST、PWT、LVMI的下降幅度相同。③中度体力活动后 ,倍他乐克组心率增快 9± 2次 ,收缩压、舒张压上升均小于 3kPa(7 5mmHg) ,硝苯地平组心率增快 2 0± 4次 ,2组相比P <0 0 1,具有显著意义 ;收缩压、舒张压上升幅度均为 3 4± 1 2kPa(2 6±9mmHg) ,明显大于倍他乐克组。④结论　 2药对高血压患者的左心室肥厚有相似的逆转作用 ,但倍他乐克可减少体力活动时血压及心率的上升 ,对心脏更具有保护作用。     

Schafer列线图在良性前列腺增生术前评价中的应用

目的 :研究Schafer列线图在确定前列腺手术适应证中的作用。方法 :对 45例前列腺增生症 (BPH)患者进行了压力 -流率测定 ,经Schafer列线图和线性被动尿道阻力关系 (Lin -PURR)定量分析BPH患者膀胱出口梗阻 (BOO)程度和逼尿肌收缩强度。结果 :本组患者无BOO和轻度BOO者为 2 0 .0 % ,逼尿肌收缩强度很弱者为 8.9% ,不适合前列腺手术者为 2 8.8%。结论 :对BPH患者术前作出准确的评价 ,在前列腺治疗的方法选择方面有十分重要的意义     

改良Madigan术切除前列腺中叶增生

目的：改良Madigan术式治疗前列腺中叶增生。方法：对22例前列腺增生患者采用了先行耻骨后保留尿道切除膀胱颈以远的腺体;再经膀胱入路,在突入膀胱腔内的增生中叶腺体的前壁作远离尿道内口2cm的弧形切口,直视下分离膀胱颈和尿道后壁的粘膜,完整切除腺体,直视下修剪并缝合固定粘膜,将膀胱与腺窝隔离,同时处理膀胱内的其它病变。结果：本组22例手术顺利,出院时测最大尿流率14．0－24．5ml/s,IPSS平均4．5分,B超测定剩余尿≤20ml。术后21例随访3－30个月,最大尿流率未降低,无尿道狭窄,排尿通畅。结论：我们在实际操作过程中达到切除全部增生腺体,完整保留了尿道组织,直视下修剪并缝合固定膀胱后唇粘膜,将膀胱与腺窝隔离,同时处理了膀胱内的其它病变,操作方便,无后顾之忧。     

女性单纯声带肥厚和声带小结的嗓音参数分析比较

目的：通过比较和分析单纯声带肥厚和声带小结的嗓音参数的变化,评价这些参数在两种疾病中诊断及疗效。方法：应用Dr.Speech(DSS)软件对成人女性30例单纯声带肥厚和声带小结患者做噪音测试,对其主要声学参数进行比较分析。结果：声带小结的嗓音声学参数、基频微扰、声门噪声能量NEE值均较声厚的各指标高。其中声门噪声能量在声结中异常者占99．6％,声带肥厚占80％,两组之间有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。其频微扰和振幅微扰的异常占有率,两组之间无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结论：嗓音参数对诊断和区别声带肥厚和声结有一定的价值,特别是声门噪声能量有更高的敏感性,对诊断和治疗声带疾病有一定的价值。