rhKD/APPvar对实验性急性肝损伤小鼠肝细胞增殖能力的影响

目的探讨重组人淀粉样蛋白前体Kunitz型蛋白酶抑制剂结构域变异体(Reorganization human Kunitz protease inhibitor domain of amyloid protein precursor variant,rh KD/APPvar)对实验性急性肝损伤小鼠肝细胞增殖能力的影响。方法利用实验鼠的四氯化碳(CCl4)慢性肝损伤模型,采用免疫组化方法,检测各组增殖细胞核抗原(Proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)阳性细胞数。结果正常对照组的PCNA阳性细胞数为(2±2)个/视野,模型组的PCNA阳性细胞数为(6±3)个/视野,rh KD/APPvar小、中、大剂量组的PCNA阳性细胞个数分别为(29±110)个/视野、(38±10)个/视野、(55±12)个/视野,抑肽酶组的PCNA阳性细胞个数为(24±9)个/视野,rh KD/APP组的PCNA阳性细胞个数为(19±5)个/视野。与模型组相比,rh KD/APPvar各剂量组PCNA阳性细胞数目均显著增加(P<0.05),并且存在剂量依赖关系。rh KD/APPvar各剂量组阳性细胞数多于抑肽酶组。结论 rh KD/APPvar能够促进急性肝损伤小鼠肝细胞增殖,其作用随着剂量的增加而增强。     

2013年北京市某商场空气质量监测与分析

[目的]了解某大型商场的空气质量状况,分析其变化规律及影响因素. [方法]于2013年对北京市某商场空气质量进行监测,监测点为2个商品售卖区和1个餐饮区,监测指标包括温度、湿度、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、甲醛、一氧化碳(CO)、二氧化碳(CO2),通过远程数据传输技术收集数据并分析. [结果]监测指标中,CO2合格率(100％)最高;其次是温度、PM10、CO和甲醛,合格率分别为98.82％、96.81％、84.73％、69.41％;湿度合格率最低(仅29.36％).商场内不同季节湿度变化明显(P＜0.05); PM10浓度与室外PM10浓度、客流量存在正相关(r=0.681,r=-0.162;P＜0.05);餐饮区CO和CO2浓度高于其他2个监测点,浓度较高的时段与营业高峰时段一致;甲醛浓度波动较大,甲醛最高浓度达0.214 mg/m3,与商场内湿度呈正相关(r=0.740,P＜ 0.05),不同监测点甲醛浓度差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).[结论] PM10、CO、甲醛是该商场空气质量的主要危害因素.室外PM10浓度和客流量是影响商场内PM10浓度的主要因素;餐饮活动是CO的主要污染来源,客流量增加引起餐饮活动增多间接影响CO浓度;甲醛污染在商场内持续存在,湿度升高加速甲醛释放,局部装修加剧污染程度.商场应采取集中空调分区域运行,及时调整新风量等措施提高空气质量.     

糖皮质激素治疗急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的研究进展

急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病在一定程度上尚具有可逆性,依据其可能的发病机制进行干预可降低其伤残率和病死率。本文就糖皮质激素类药物在急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病中的疗效、不良反应及可能机制等方面进行综述。     

Effectiveness of high-flow nasal cannula on pulmonary rehabilitation in subjects with chronic respiratory failure

BackgroundThe effects of exercise training using both high fraction of inspired oxygen (F_IO₂) and high flow oxygen delivered through a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) on exercise capacity in patients with chronic respiratory failure (CRF) receiving long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) are unknown.MethodsIn this randomized study, 32 patients with CRF receiving LTOT were assigned to undergo 4 weeks of exercise training on a cycle ergometer using an HFNC (flow: 50 L/min) with a F_IO₂ of 1.0 (HFNC group; n = 16) or ordinary supplemental oxygen via a nasal cannula (flow: 6 L/min) (oxygen group; n = 16). A 6-min walking test and a constant-load test were performed before and after 4 weeks of exercise training.ResultsFollowing 4 weeks of exercise training, change in the 6-min walking distance was significantly greater in the HFNC than in the oxygen group (55.2 ± 69.6 m vs. −0.5 ± 87.3 m; p = 0.04). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the degree of improvement in the duration of the constant-load exercise test after exercise training.ConclusionsConsidering the effect on daily activities (e.g., walking), exercise training using both high F_IO₂ and high flow through an HFNC is a potentially superior exercise training modality for patients with CRF receiving LTOT.Clinical Trial Registration — http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02804243     

绞股蓝总皂甙对原代培养大鼠肝细胞四氯化碳损伤的影响

采用四氯化碳(CCl_4)制成原代培养大鼠肝细胞损伤模型,观察了绞股蓝总皂甙(GPS)对肝细胞损伤的保护作用。结果表明,预先用 GPS 处理肝细胞 lhr,可明显减轻 CCl_4引起的肝细胞 DNA 合成速率降低,减少肝细胞 ALT 逸出,抑制培养上清液中 MDA 含量的升高和 SOD/MDA 比值的缩小,并与 GPS 浓度呈依赖关系。提示 GPS 能减轻 CCl_4对离体培养的大鼠肝细胞损伤,保护肝细胞 DNA 合成,其作用机理与抗脂质过氧化有关。     

Effect of a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue on lung function in lymphangioleiomyomatosis

BACKGROUND: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), a multisystem disease occurring primarily in women, is characterized by cystic lung destruction, and kidney and lymphatic tumors, caused by the proliferation of abnormal-appearing cells (ie, LAM cells) with a smooth muscle cell phenotype that express melanoma antigens and are capable of metastasizing. Estrogen receptors are present in LAM cells, and this finding, along with reports of disease progression during pregnancy or following exogenous estrogen administration, suggest the involvement of estrogens in the pathogenesis of LAM. Consequently, antiestrogen therapies have been employed in treatment. The goal of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of triptorelin, a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue, in 11 premenopausal women with LAM. METHODS: Patients were evaluated at baseline and every 3 to 6 months thereafter, for a total of 36 months. Hormonal assays, pulmonary function tests, 6-min walk tests, high-resolution CT scans of the chest, and bone mineral density studies were performed. RESULTS: Gonadal suppression was achieved in all patients. Overall, a significant decline in lung function was observed; two patients underwent lung transplantation 1 year after study enrollment, and another patient was lost to follow-up. Treatment with triptorelin was associated with a decline in bone mineral density. CONCLUSIONS: Triptorelin appears not to prevent a decline in lung function in patients with LAM. Its use, however, may be associated with the loss of bone mineral density.     

Effect of low-molecular-weight heparin on the commitment of bone marrow cells to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in CCl(4)-induced liver injury.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recently liver regeneration by bone marrow transplantation has been proposed as an alternative source of functional liver cells. We investigate commitment of bone marrow cells (BMCs) to liver regeneration and the effect of dalteparin sodium (DS) on regeneration of the damaged liver caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) administration in the mice. METHODS: Liver injury was produced in 8-week-old mice by treating with CCl(4) for 4 weeks. Thereafter, mice received a lethal dose of irradiation (10Gy) to whole body, followed by injection of 1x10(7) green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive BMCs via the tail vein. DS (50IU/kg, intraperitoneally) was administered daily for 28 consecutive days starting at 1 day post-BMC transplantation. Lineage marker analysis of GFP-positive liver cells was performed immunostaining with a CD31 antibody. RESULT: Four weeks after BMC transplantation, GFP-positive cells in the CCl(4)-damaged liver could be detected in the lobule displaying a meshwork architecture extending from the periportal to pericentral regions, a pattern simulating sinusoidal lining. This localization of GFP-positive cells suggested that these cells were closely associated with sinusoidal endothelial cells. By staining the GFP-positive cells for CD31, it was confirmed that the majority of the GFP-positive cells are also positive for CD31. The GFP(+)CD31(+) cells were barely detected in the control group (1.0+/-1.2 per field). In marked contrast, a numerous number of GFP(+)CD31(+) cells were detected in the liver section obtained from the CCl(4)-induced liver damage group (3.8+/-1.3 per field, P<0.05 versus control). The number of GFP(+)CD31(+) cells in CCl(4) plus DS-treated group was further increased to 8.3+/-1.3 per field (P<0.05 versus CCl(4)-induced liver damage group). CONCLUSION: The majority of GFP-positive BMCs was committed to sinusoidal endothelial cells. DS promoted BMC differentiation into sinusoidal endothelial cells in the CCl(4)-damaged liver.     

2017—2019年河南中医药大学第一附属医院抗肿瘤中药制剂使用情况分析

碳点是一种具有优异荧光性质的新兴纳米材料。相比于传统的有机染料和半导体量子点,碳点具有毒性低和生物相容性好等优点。目前,碳点在分析检测、荧光成像、药物运载等诸多领域有着广泛的应用。鹿茸是一味具有多种药效的传统名贵中药,也是罕见的具备再生能力的哺乳动物器官。鹿茸的生物学特性和药效与其化学成分有着密切联系。简要综述了碳点在荧光检测、荧光成像以及光诊疗方面的应用进展,对碳点应用于鹿茸生物学特性及其化学成分分析研究的可行性进行了探讨。