体外循环心内直视手术后左室破裂抢救成功4例

目的：报告4例体外循环心内直视手术后左室破裂修补成功病例,方法：4例心内直视手术后发生左室自发性破裂,再次体外循环阻断主动脉,两条长涤纶补片距裂口10mm处全层修补后,加用组织生物胶和止血纱布覆盖创面,其中1例加用自身心包补片修补。结果：4例病人均修补止血成功,3例康复出院,1例水后第10天因肾功能衰竭而死亡。结论：左室破裂是心脏手术后的严重的并发症,用长涤纶补片距裂口10mm处修补,外盖自身心包补片加固,并加用组织生物胶,止血纱布粘固是一种有效的修补方法。     

体外循环术后精神障碍的原因分析及护理

目的;探讨体外循环（CPB）术后精神障碍发生的原因及护理对策。方法：对36例CPB术后精神障碍进行回顾性分析。结果：本组36例CPB术后精神障碍表现为抑郁状态16例,谵妄状态8例、精神分裂样状态2例、神经衰弱综合征10例。CPB术后脑损害、躯体性因素及精神因素是引起精神障碍的主要原因。经过治疗和护理,34例治愈,2例死亡。结论：CPB术后精神障碍严重影响病人的身体健康,进行精神障碍的病因分析及综合护理具有重要意义。     

Potent antioxidative potential of propofol during cardiopulmonary bypass in the adult

Summary The potent antioxidative potential of propofol during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in adults was investigated. The selected 30 patients receiving open heart surgery under CPB were randomly divided into group A and group B. The patients in the group A and group B were given propofol (0. 1 mg. kg⁻¹, min⁻¹ and fentanyl (5 μg. kg⁻¹, min⁻¹) respectively to maintain anesthesia after aorta was cross-clamped. Blood samples were drawn pre-anesthesia, pre-CPB, at 30 min of CPB, at the end of CPB, at 1 h after CPB, at the end of operation, at 12 and 24 h postoperatively. RBC suspension was prepared and erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) and phosphofructokinase (PFK) activities, total erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized GSH (GSSG) were assayed and GSH/GSSG ratio was calculated. In the group A, G-6-PD and PFK activities and GSH/GSSG ratio were almost uneventfully during CPB and postoperatively. In the group B, G-6-PD activity was increased and PFK activity and GSH/GSSG ratio decreased significantly from 30 min of CPB until 12 h postoperatively. It was demonstrated that propofol could obviously attenuate free radical activity during CPB, while fentanyl has no effect on free radical reduction. Propofol could be beneficial as an anesthetic in patients presenting pathologies associated with free radical reactions during CPB. This project was supported partly by a grant from National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 39270660).     

体外循环时心肌细胞上ICAM-1的变化及抑肽酶对其表达的影响

为观察心脏瓣膜置换术病人在CPB前后心肌上ICAM-1的表达,并探讨抑肽酶对其表达的影响,选择择期心脏瓣膜替换术病人20例,随机分为抑肽酶组和对照组,各10例。分别于手术开始及结束时取右心房心肌标本,采用免疫组化法检测心肌细胞及心肌血管内皮细胞上ICAM-1的表达,以测得ICAM-1积分光密度值（IOD值）进行分析。结果心脏瓣膜替换术病人CPB后心肌细胞上ICAM-1的表达较术前有明显增加（P<0.05）,而在抑肽酶组则无明显变化。组间比较,差异具有显著意义,P<0.05。在对照组,心肌血管EC上ICAM-1在CPB后表达明显增加（P<0.05）,而抑肽酶组,差异无显著性。组间比较,P<0.05。认为CPB时心肌细胞及心肌血管EC上ICAM-1的表达增高,ICAM-1可能参与CPB时心肌的炎症损伤,抑肽酶可以通过抑制ICAM-1的表达而减轻CPB所致的炎症反应。     

Extra-cardiac collateral to an anomalous origin right coronary artery in a post-PTCA,post-CABG patient

In the context of collateral circulation of the heart, the role of extra-cardiac collateral arteries has been thought to be negligible. We present a case in which such collateral vessel acted as a rescue, subsequent to a failed revascularisation attempt. With surgeons nowadays considering ‘less is more’ in terms of grafting in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), and more evidence arising in favour of medical therapy, we need to re-assess the role of these collateral vessels in the coronary circulation.     

Vía clínica de recuperación intensificada en cirugía cardiaca. Documento de consenso de la Sociedad Española de Anestesiología,Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor (SEDAR), la Sociedad Española de Cirugía Cardiovascular y Endovascular (SECCE) y la Asociación Española de Perfusionistas (AEP)

The ERAS guidelines are intended to identify, disseminate and promote the implementation of the best, scientific evidence-based actions to decrease variability in clinical practice. The implementation of these practices in the global clinical process will promote better outcomes and the shortening of hospital and critical care unit stays, thereby resulting in a reduction in costs and in greater efficiency. After completing a systematic review at each of the points of the perioperative process in cardiac surgery, recommendations have been developed based on the best scientific evidence currently available with the consensus of the scientific societies involved.     

不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术中应用MostCare/PRAM监测系统进行血流动力学监测的临床研究

目的探究Most Care/PRAM系统监测下不停跳冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCABG)患者术中血流动力学变化情况和预后分析。方法纳入2016年10月至2017年1月安贞医院89例OPCABG患者,其中男53例、女36例,年龄(60.50±8.40)岁。记录术中血流动力学变化情况。按是否发生心肌梗死、低心排血量等严重循环不良事件,分为平稳组和严重循环不良事件组,进行相关分析。结果手术全程监测完整血流动力学数据患者65例,开胸前和关胸后被动抬高试验的每搏量(SV)升高均值分别为23.00%±3.20%和29.40%±3.70%。麻醉、开胸、应用肝素时、搭桥中、应用鱼精蛋白时、关胸和术毕7个时间段,SV明显下降,外周血管阻力指数(SVRI)持续显著增加,最大压力梯度(d P/d T)和心脏循环效率(CCE)在麻醉后明显下降,搭桥时下降到最低,其后逐渐升高;每搏量变异率(SVV)和脉压变异率(PPV)在麻醉后下降,开胸后一直升高。89例患者发生严重循环不良事件共9例,其中4例死亡。严重循环不良事件组术中基础SVRI、SVV和PPV均显著高于平稳组(P<0.05),CCE、d P/d T和SV差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术中基础SVRI、CCE、d P/d T、SVV、PPV和SV均值与预后指标均无明显相关性。结论OPCABG术中易出现血流动力学的改变,因此,OPCABG术中宜应用Most Care/PRAM仪进行血流动力学监测,并及时纠正血流动力学异常。