菖蒲郁金汤对高皮质激素血症小鼠海马NF-L及SYP蛋白表达的影响

目的 探讨菖蒲郁金汤拮抗皮质酮诱导海马神经元损伤的作用。方法 将C57BL/6N小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、氟西汀组、菖蒲郁金汤高剂量组、菖蒲郁金汤中剂量组及菖蒲郁金汤低剂量组。除空白组外,其余各组通过皮质酮诱导高皮质激素血症,予受试药物连续14d,观察小鼠体质量、脾脏质量及胸腺质量变化,采用强迫游泳实验和强迫悬尾实验评价菖蒲郁金汤对小鼠不动时间的影响,Western blot法检测神经微丝轻链蛋白（NF-L）及突触囊泡蛋白（SYP）蛋白表达。结果 菖蒲郁金汤可缓减模型动物体质量、脾脏质量及胸腺质量的降低（P<0.05）;减少强迫游泳实验、强迫悬尾实验小鼠不动时间（P<0.01）;上调NF-L及SYP蛋白的表达（P<0.01）。结论 菖蒲郁金汤通过上调NF-L及SYP的表达,拮抗高皮质激素血症所致的海马神经元损伤,发挥抗抑郁样行为效应。      

桃红四物汤对股骨干骨折术后炎性因子和血液流变学的影响

目的?分析桃红四物汤对股骨干骨折术后炎性因子和血液流变学的影响。方法?以桃红四物汤治疗术后股骨干骨折67例为研究组,并以传统治疗的79例为对照组。比较2组的临床疗效、中医证候、白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、全血高切黏度(η_高)、全血中切黏度(η_中)、全血低切黏度(η_低)、血浆黏度(η_浆)、红细胞比容(HCT)、白细胞计数(WBC)和血沉方程K值的变化。结果?研究组和对照组总有效率分别为97.02%和79.75% (P<0.01);治疗后2组均能降低疼痛、肿胀、瘀斑、IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α、η_高、η_中、η_低、η_浆、HCT、WBC和血沉方程K值,与对照组比较,研究组降低更为显著(P<0.05~0.01)。结论?桃红四物汤能明显抑制股骨干骨折术后的炎症反应、改善血液流变学指标、改善临床症状。      

复方芪麻胶囊对高血压大鼠血压及动脉顺应性的影响

目的 评价复方芪麻胶囊对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血压、主动脉顺应性及血管活性物质的影响.方法 将大鼠按初始血压随机分为正常组、模型组、卡托普利组、牛黄降压胶囊组、复方芪麻胶囊高、中、低剂量组,每组10只,灌胃给药4周后测定各组大鼠血压,并取主动脉,测量主动脉顺应性;将老年大鼠按初始血压随机分为正常组、模型组、卡托普利组、牛黄降压胶囊组、复方芪麻胶囊高、中、低剂量组,每组10只,口服给药4周后测定各组大鼠血压,并取血清检测一氧化氮(N0)、内皮缩血管肽1(ET-1))、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)水平.结果 与模型组大鼠比较,复方芪麻胶囊高、中、低剂量组大鼠收缩压、舒张压均明显降低(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),主动脉内压上升斜率、曲线下面积均明显降低(P＜0.叭或P＜0.05);与老年SHR大鼠比较,复方芪麻胶囊高、中、低剂量组大鼠收缩压、舒张压均明显降低(P＜0.01),血清NO含量明显升高(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),ET-1、AngⅡ含量显著下降(P＜0.01或P＜0.05).结论 复方芪麻胶囊具有明显降低血压、改善主动脉顺应性作用,其降压机制可能与降低ET-1、AngⅡ含量、升高NO含量有关.     

A 10-year survey of compliance with recommended procedures for infection control by dentists in Beijing

Objectives: This study aimed to survey changes in practices of infection control (IC) procedures by dentists in Beijing between 2000 and 2010. Methods: Data were based on the feedback of 592 and 769 dentists surveyed in 2000 and 2010, respectively. Statistical analysis was conducted using Pearson’s chi‐squared test. Results: Response rates of 95% (2000) and 94% (2010) were achieved. The percentages of dentists who had received training in IC were 62.96% (2000) and 76.21% (2010). Improvements in practices in 2010 over those in 2000 included increases in: the percentage of vaccination for hepatitis B virus from 32.66% to 68.14%; the routine use of gloves from 73.31% to 99.73%; the use of face shields or eyewear as protection against splatter during dental treatment from 13.94% to 95.45%; the use of protective gowns from 14.51% to 54.23%; the use of high‐volume suction from 11.19% to 74.34%; routine changing of gloves between patients from 63.25% to 99.22%; pressured steam sterilisation of dental handpieces between patients from 41.24% to 96.10%, and the flushing of dental unit waterlines after each treatment from 42.01% to 73.49%. Conclusions: Although compliance with recommended IC practices by dentists in Beijing improved between 2000 and 2010, not all dentists are properly familiar with IC procedures. Education in IC in dental schools and in continuing training in hospitals, and mandatory regulations are needed to improve IC practices in dental health care settings.     

中西医结合治疗小儿肾炎肾病型紫癜性肾炎远期疗效观察

应用中西医结合方法治疗21例肾炎肾病型紫癜性肾炎疗效满意,有16例痊愈或完全缓解,5例部分缓解。平均随访7.34年,未发现有肾功能不全者。应用雷公藤多甙配合中药或加强的松的治疗方法较好,副作用少。积极防治上呼吸道感染。对减少病情反复起重要作用。     

肾衰竭患者治疗中联合持续血液净化治疗的临床疗效

目的探讨肾衰竭患者治疗中联合持续血液净化治疗的应用效果。方法选择2015年3月~2017年3月我院收治的肾衰竭患者100例,按照入院顺序分为对照组和观察组两组,各50例,对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合持续血液净化治疗。观察两组患者治疗前后的血清i PTH水平、皮肤瘙痒症状评分、生活质量评分等。结果两组患者血清i PTH水平均得到明显改善,检测水平显著下降,且观察组改善效果明显优于对照组(P0.05)。两组患者皮肤瘙痒症状均得到明显改善,评分结果显著降低,且观察组改善效果明显优于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后两组患者的生活质量SF-36评分均显著提高,且观察组的提高幅度明显大于对照组,生活质量改善效果更好(P0.05)。结论对肾衰竭患者在常规治疗基础上联合实施持续血液净化疗效显著,可获得理想的有毒物质清除效果,并更好的改善患者的临床症状和生活质量。     

加味大承气汤活血攻下法治疗肠梗阻的网络药理学研究

目的:基于网络药理学的方法探讨加味大承气汤治疗肠梗阻(Intestinal obstruction)的作用机制。方法:通过中药系统药理学数据库(TCMSP)来获得加味大承气汤所含中药的主要化学成分,并收集其相对应的靶点;肠梗阻的疾病靶点来源于GeneCards、DrugBank、Home-OMIM-NCBI 数据库。使用Draw Venn Diagrams 工具获得交集基因。结合Cytoscape3.7.1 对所得的交集基因进行PPI 分析、GO 与KEGG 通路富集分析。结果:共获得加味大承气汤活性化学成分121 个,药物靶点1478 个;利用GeneCards、DrugBank、Home-OMIM-NCBI 数据库获得疾病靶点147 个;通过Draw VennDiagrams 工具获得交集基因24 个交集基因;通过PPI 蛋白作用网络及网络拓扑分析,EGFR(表皮生长因子受体)在网络连接程度较高;通过GO 富集分析发现:主要参与了对营养水平的反应、平滑肌细胞增殖的调控、平滑肌细胞增殖等生物学过程;通过KEGG 通路富集分析发现:主要涉及PI3K-Akt 信号通路、JAK-STAT 信号通路以及HIF-1 信号通路等。结论:加味大承气汤活血攻下法治疗肠梗阻是多靶点、多途径的,本次研究为进一步研究其作用机制提供依据。     

高性能战斗机改装体检飞行员的耳功能分析

目的 分析高性能战斗机改装体检飞行员的咽鼓管功能、前庭功能和听功能状况。方法 对改装体检的196名飞行员的耳功能资料进行分析。结果 ①声导抗示196例392耳中193例368耳为A型曲线，6例7耳为AD型曲线，15例17耳为C型曲线。196例392耳均无声反射衰减；②眼震电图示196例前庭功能均正常：③纯音测听以气导在500、1000、2000、3000Hz的平均听阈表示，196例的结果为左耳12．58dB HL；右耳12．48dB HL，但37例47耳有高频区噪声性听损伤的表现。结论 参与高性能战斗机改装体检的飞行员，其耳功能状况总体良好，但部分有噪声性听损伤的应随访观察。     

突聋病人血液流变学及血脂代谢研究

目的探讨血液流变学和血清脂质代谢变化与突发性耳聋(突聋)的关系。方法检测50例突聋病人及50例对照者血液流变学参数及血清中甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(CHO)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-CH)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-CH)、载脂蛋白A(ApoA)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)和脂蛋白(a)[LP(a)]的含量。结果突聋组全血比粘度、全血还原比粘度、血浆粘度和红细胞压积均增高,与对照组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01);突聋组TG、LDL-CH、ApoB和LP(a)水平较对照组显著增高(P<0.01),HDL-CH较对照组显著降低(P<0.01)。两组间CHO和ApoA无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论 血液流变学及血脂代谢的异常改变可能与突聋的发生相关。     

Cerebral blood flow, cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen and relative CO2 reactivity during neurolept anaesthesia in patients subjected to craniotomy for supratentorial cerebral tumours

In 10 patients subjected to craniotomy for supratentorial cerebral tumours in neurolept anaesthesia, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) were measured twice peroperatively by a modification of the Kety & Schmidt technique, using 133Xe. The relative CO2 reactivity was assessed indirectly as the % change of the arteriovenous oxygen difference (AVDO2) per mm change in PaCO2. The patients were premedicated with diazepam 10-15 mg perorally. For induction, thiopentone 4-6 mg/kg, droperidol 0.2 mg/kg and fentanyl 5 micrograms/kg were used, and for maintenance N2O 67% and fentanyl 4 micrograms/kg/h. During the first flow measurement the median and range of CBF was 30 ml/100 g/min (range 17-45), of AVDO2 8.0 vol % (range 4.1-9.5), and of CMRO2 2.28 ml O2/100 g/min (range 1.57-2.84). During the second CBF study, AVDO2 increased to 9.3 vol % (range 3.4-11) (P less than 0.05), and CMRO2 increased to 2.51 ml O2/100 g/min (range 1.88-3.00) P less than 0.05, while CBF was unchanged. The CO2 reactivity was present in all studies, median 1.8%/mmHg (range 0.5-15.1). The correlation coefficients between jugular venous oxygen tension/saturation, respectively, and CBF were high at tensions/saturations exceeding 4.0 kPa and 55%, indicating that hyperperfusion is easily unveiled by venous samples from the jugular vein during this anaesthesia.