酪酸杆菌双歧杆菌二联活菌联合马来酸曲美布汀治疗急性胃肠炎疗效观察

目的评价酪酸杆菌双歧杆菌二联活菌联合马来酸曲美布汀治疗急性胃肠炎疗效。方法 98例急性胃肠炎患者随机分成两组,治疗组51例,口服酪酸杆菌双歧杆菌二联活菌+马来酸曲美布汀。对照组47例,口服酪酸杆菌双歧杆菌二联活菌。两组疗程均为3 d,分别比较两组治疗前后临床症状,并在治疗结束时进行临床疗效评价。结果治疗组疗效较对照组有明显改善,治疗组总有效率为94.12%;对照组总有效率为80.85%,两组比较差异有显著性(P0.05)。治疗组用药后症状明显较本组治疗前改善,与对照组治疗后比较,差异有显著性(P0.05))。结论双歧三联活菌与马来酸曲美布汀联合治疗急性胃肠炎疗效满意。     

中西医结合治疗小儿坏死性小肠炎术后综合征临床研究

目的:探讨中西医结合治疗小儿坏死性小肠炎术后综合征的临床疗效。方法:将50例患儿按随机数字表单盲法分为治疗组与对照组,治疗组采用四物汤加减(方药组成:当归6~9 g,赤芍3~9 g,川芎3~6 g,地黄6~12 g,金银花6~15 g,土茯苓9~15 g)治疗,并配合双歧杆菌制剂。对照组仅采用双歧杆菌制剂治疗。结果:两组患儿治疗后腹胀、腹痛、大便性状、营养状况及体质量及腹部平片比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组有效率100%,对照组有效率72%,两组比较有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:中西医结合治疗小儿坏死性小肠炎术后综合征临床疗效显著。     

双歧三联活菌胶囊对溃疡性结肠炎患者炎性因子的影响研究

目的观察双歧三联活菌胶囊对溃疡性结肠炎患者炎性因子的影响。方法 75例确诊为溃疡性结肠炎患者随机分为观察组和对照组,其中观察组给予常规治疗结合双歧三联活菌胶囊,对照组按常规方法处理。观察用药2月后的临床症状评分、炎性因子TNF-α与炎性抑制因子IL-8、IL-10的含量水平。结果治疗后,两组临床症状总评分均显著下降(P<0.01),且观察组下降程度明显大于对照组(P<0.01);两组患者IL-8显著下降(P<0.01),且观察组下降值大于对照组(P<0.01);而IL-10显著升高(P<0.01),且观察组大于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者TNF-α显著下降(P<0.01),且观察组下降值大于对照组(P<0.01)。结论双歧三联活菌胶囊能影响溃疡性结肠炎体内炎性因子水平。     

Enhanced growth and bioconversion of isoflavones in prebiotic-soymilk fermented by UV-treated lactobacilli and bifidobacteria

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation (ultraviolet A (UVA), ultraviolet B (UVB) and ultraviolet C (UVC) at 30–90 J/m²) on the membrane properties of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, and their bioconversion of isoflavones in prebiotic-soymilk. UV treatment caused membrane permeabilization and alteration at the acyl chain, polar head and interface region of membrane bilayers via lipid peroxidation. Such alteration subsequently led to decreased (p < 0.05) viability of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria immediately after the treatment. However, the effect was transient where cells treated with UV, particularly UVA, grew better in prebiotic-soymilk than the control upon fermentation at 37°C for 24 h (p < 0.05). In addition, UV treatment also increased (p < 0.05) the intracellular and extracellular β-glucosidase activity of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. This was accompanied by an increased (p < 0.05) bioconversion of glucosides to bioactive aglycones in prebiotic-soymilk. Our present study illustrated that treatment of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria with UV could develop a fermented prebiotic-soymilk with enhanced bioactivity.     

Probiotics and Health

Probiotics are described as live microbial food ingredients that are beneficial to health of the of host, especially ‍by improving intestinal microbial balance. The major consumption of probiotics is in dairy-based foods form, which ‍is containing intestinal species of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. A number of potential benefits of probiotics ‍have been proposed, including: adherence to cells; exclusion or reduction of pathogenic adherence; production of ‍acids, hydrogen peroxide, and bacteriocins antagonistic to pathogen growth; safe, noninvasive, noncarcinogenic and ‍nonpathogenic characteristics; and congregation to form a normal balanced flora. The interrelation between probiotics ‍and health are reviewed in this article.     

Effects of an Amino Acid-Based Formula Supplemented with Two Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Growth,Tolerability, Safety,and Gut Microbiome in Infants with Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy

This open-label, non-randomized, multicenter trial (Registration: {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT 03661736","term_id":"NCT03661736"}}NCT 03661736) aimed to assess if an amino acid-based formula (AAF) supplemented with two human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) supports normal growth and is well tolerated in infants with a cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA). Term infants aged 1–8 months with moderate-to-severe CMPA were enrolled. The study formula was an AAF supplemented with 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT). Infants were fed the study formula for 4 months and were offered to remain on the formula until 12 months of age. Tolerance and safety were assessed throughout the trial. Out of 32 infants (mean age 18.6 weeks; 20 (62.5%) male), 29 completed the trial. During the 4-month principal study period, the mean weight-for-age Z score (WAZ) increased from –0.31 at the baseline to +0.28 at the 4-months’ follow-up. Linear and head growth also progressed along the WHO child growth reference, with a similar small upward trend. The formula was well tolerated and had an excellent safety profile. When comparing the microbiome at the baseline to the subsequent visits, there was a significant on-treatment enrichment in HMO-utilizing bifidobacteria, which was associated with a significant increase in fecal short-chain fatty acids. In addition, we observed a significant reduction in the abundance of fecal Proteobacteria, suggesting that the HMO-supplemented study formula partially corrected the gut microbial dysbiosis in infants with CMPA.     

壳寡糖协同双歧杆菌对荷瘤鼠免疫功能的影响

背景与目的:建立H22肝癌荷瘤鼠实验动物模型,研究壳寡糖协同双歧杆菌对荷瘤鼠免疫功能的影响.材料与方法:采用体内注射的方法将壳寡糖和双歧杆菌注入荷瘤小鼠体内,观察肿瘤生长情况,并进行免疫功能的测定,及观察肿瘤病理变化.结果:壳寡糖协同双歧杆菌对肿瘤的生长有抑制作用,可提高荷瘤小鼠血清的IL-2和INF-γ含量,增加荷瘤小鼠免疫器官脾脏和胸腺的重量,显微镜下观察显示肿瘤组织出现坏死.结论:壳寡糖协同双歧杆菌可抑制肿瘤生长,提高机体免疫功能,促使肿瘤细胞坏死.     

Symbiotic Interactions between Colonic Microflora and Protein Metabolism in Infants

ABSTRACT. The utilization of ¹⁵N nitrogen from ¹⁵N-labelled bifidobacteria for whole body protein synthesis was studied in 4 infants by oral single-pulse labellings and in 3 other infants, who had colostomies, by colonic pulse labellings. The bifidobacteria were harvested from a modified Petuely culture medium containing ¹⁵N ammonium chloride and ¹⁵N cystine as the only sources of nitrogen. The tracer dose chosen for the balance studies was 3 mg ¹⁵N/kg. ¹⁵N concentrations in urine and feces collected over 48 hours after the pulse labellings were determined by emission spectrometry. Oral administration of ¹⁵N-labelled bifidobacteria resulted in absorption of approximately 90%, renal excretion of 15%, and fecal excretion of 12% of the tracer dose, respectively. Retention in the protein pool averaged 73%. After colonic single pulse labelling with ¹⁵N-labelled bifidobacteria, the corresponding values were 85.5%, 2.2%, 14.5%, and 83.0%, respectively. Absorption and incorporation of the heavy nitrogen into body proteins were directly demonstrated by increased ¹⁵N atom percent excess values within the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) supernatants and the proteins of the plasma, 0.25 and 0.04 atom %, respectively, at 24 hours after oral pulse labellings. One half of the total ¹⁵N excreted in urine consisted of urea and approximately 8% was eliminated as ammonia.     

Immunological aspects of the potential role of dietary carbohydrates and lectins in human health

Summary Background: Little is known regarding the immunobiology of dietary carbohydrate intake and its relevance to human health, although foodstuffs contain many simple and complex carbohydrates. Synopsis: Lectins, immunoglobulins, viruses, bacteria and host cells interact with each other forming a delicate equilibrium within the alimentary canal which may be perturbed by saccharide intake. The ways in which these components may interact at different sites within the alimentary canal are discussed, as are the possible influences on mucosal immunity and the induction of oral tolerance. The possible systemic influences of absorbed saccharides at loci remote from the gut are considered in terms of inhibition of dietary and endogenous lectins, inhibition of bacterial attachment, and alteration of leukocyte homing behaviour. Finally, possible means by which dietary carbohydrates might modify various specific diseases are considered. Conclusions: It is probable that dietary carbohydrates can alter the equilibria between lectins, secretory IgA and micro-organisms in the alimentary canal, and this consideration could be exploited to promote health. The possible effects of dietary saccharides on allergy/oral tolerance or on recognition events at gut-remote sites warrant further investigation. Received: 15 December 1998, Accepted: 15 March 1999     

Cross-talk of human gut with bifidobacteria

The gut constitutes a prominent part of the immune system. Its commensal microflora plays an important role in defense and in tolerance to diet allergens. Disturbances in immune regulations may lead to food allergy. Among commensal bacteria, bifidobacteria are able to induce mechanisms of immune tolerance. Comprehension of their mutual cross-talk with the host is necessary for understanding their role in the diet and in food supplements.