Berberine modulates expression of mdr1 gene product and the responses of digestive track cancer cells to Paclitaxel.

Berberine is the major constituent of Coptis chinese and is commonly used in Chinese herbal medicine to treat patients with gastrointestinal disorders. In this study, using flow cytometry, we have found that a 24-h berberine treatment up-regulated the multidrug-resistant transporter (pgp-170) expression in two oral (KB, OC2), two gastric (SC-M1, NUGC-3) and two colon (COLO 205, CT 26) cancer cell lines. Decreased retention of rhodamine 123 was observed in berberine-treated cells as compared to vehicle control. To examine whether the berberine modulated pgp-170 expression in cancer cells is associated with changes in drug resistance, we determined the cytotoxicity, cell cycle progression and cell morphology of Paclitaxel-treated cells. Paclitaxel (1 nM-10 microM) treatment for 24 h induced cytotoxicity in OC2, SC-M1 and COLO 205 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of cells with 32 microM berberine for 24 h prior to Paclitaxel treatment resulted in increased viability as compared to that of Paclitaxel-treated cells. In addition, Paclitaxel-induced apoptosis and/or G2/M arrest in these three cancer cell lines. Pretreatment of cells with berberine prior to Paclitaxel blocked the Paclitaxel-induced cell cycle responses and morphological changes. These results together suggest that berberine modulated the expression and function of pgp-170 that leads to reduced response to Paclitaxel in digestive track cancer cells.     

小檗碱对氧化应激损伤中枢神经细胞的保护作用

 目的:研究小檗碱(berberine,Ber)对培养大鼠神经细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用?方法:体外培养大鼠胎鼠大脑皮质神经细胞,观察谷氨酸、“缺血"或“缺血/再灌注"及血红素对细胞的毒性及Ber的保护作用?结果:在培养的大鼠胎鼠大脑皮质神经细胞中,加入谷氨酸、血红素及“缺血"或“缺血/再灌注"损伤,细胞出现明显损伤性变化,死亡率明显升高,培养上清液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放增加,而细胞匀浆中谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量明显减少,丙二醛(MDA)生成显著增多?Ber 1～25μmol·L^-1能不同程度地抑制谷氨酸、血红素或“缺血/再灌注"引起的损伤性改变,培养上清液中LDH释放减少,而细胞匀浆中GSH含量明显增加,MDA生成显著降低?结论:Ber对氧化应激损伤中枢神经细胞具有保护作用,其作用机制可能与其提高抗氧化物质谷胱甘肽含量,减少脂质过氧化物生成有关?     

黄柏及其炮制品水提液的成分比较

对黄柏及其炮制品水提液的成分进行了比较。结果表明，以酒黄柏中的小檗碱，总生物碱的含量最高，而黄柏炭中的生物碱损失殆尽，     

高效液相色谱法测定通脉降糖颗粒中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的 :测定通脉降糖颗粒中盐酸小檗碱的含量。方法 :高效液相色谱法。SpherigelC1 8柱 ,乙腈 水 (55∶35)为流动相 ,每 1 0 0 0ml流动相中含磷酸二氢钾 3 .4g,十二烷基硫酸钠 1 .7g ,流速 1ml·min- 1 ,检测波长 345nm。结果 :通脉降糖颗粒中盐酸小檗碱与多种杂质能有效分离。盐酸小檗碱进样量在 0 .0 2 65～ 0 .2 1 2 0 μg范围内线性关系良好 ,γ =0 .9998。平均回收率为 1 0 1 .6 % (n =5 ,RSD =1 .8% )。结论 :本方法简便、快速、准确     

介质环境对小檗碱荧光光谱影响的研究

探讨介质环境对小檗碱荧光光谱性质的影响。方法配制在不同溶剂及ＰＨ条件下的２＊１０＾－５ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１小檗碱溶液，测定灾光光谱。结果：随着溶剂极性的降低，其荧光发射光谱紫移并且荧光强度显著提高。结论小檗碱所具有的特殊荧光性质，可作为生物荧光探针的优选试剂。     

小檗碱的负性变时作用

小檗碱(Ber)4mg/kg ⅳ使正常大鼠的血压(BP)降低,心率(HR)不变;迷走神经切断大鼠的BP降低,HR减慢;毁脊髓大鼠的HR减慢,BP不变。在离体豚鼠右心房,Ber产生负性变时作用,且不被阿托品对抗。Ber使异丙肾上腺素、组胺和CaCl_2正性变时作用的量效曲线非平行性右移,最大反应压低,呈非竞争性拮抗作用,其pD_2分别为4.82,4.51和4.68。结果表明Ber对正常大鼠的负性变时作用,可因其降压所致的反射性HR加快而抵消。Ber的负性变时作用可能与心肌M,β和H_2受体无关,也不是选择性阻滞Ca~(2+)内流所致。     

小檗碱对非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者血清骨钙素的影响

目的:探讨小檗碱对伴糖代谢紊乱的非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)患者的血清未羧化骨钙素(ucOC)水平的影响。方法:对伴有糖耐量受损或2型糖尿病的114例NAFLD患者,进行生活方式干预,其中57例(小檗碱组)加小檗碱治疗(0.5 g/次,每日3次),共干预16周,其余57例仅进行生活方式干预,作为对照组。评价干预前后患者ucOC水平变化及血糖、血脂和肝脏脂肪含量(HFC)等指标,分析ucOC变化的影响因素。结果:与对照组相比,小檗碱组患者血清ucOC水平升高更明显(P0.001)。校正年龄、性别和体质指数(BMI)后,小檗碱组血清ucOC的改善情况[4.60(3.50, 5.70)]仍明显优于对照组[0.96(-0.14, 2.05),P0.001],平均差异为3.64 (95%CI 1.74～5.55)。亚组分析显示,在非肥胖老年男性患者中,小檗碱升高ucOC的作用更加明显。偏相关分析显示,在校正年龄、性别后,治疗前后血清ucOC水平差值与BMI、体质量、腰围、HFC、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)的差值负相关(P0.05)。结论:小檗碱能改善伴糖代谢紊乱的非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者代谢异常,可能与其升高血清ucOC水平有关。     

Berberine and its structural analogs have differing effects on functional profiles of individual gut microbiomes

ABSTRACT

The understanding of the effects of compounds on the gut microbiome is limited. In particular, it is unclear whether structurally similar compounds would have similar or distinct effects on the gut microbiome. Here, we selected berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline quaternary alkaloid, and 16 structural analogs and evaluated their effects on seven individual gut microbiomes cultured in vitro. The responses of the individual microbiomes were evaluated by metaproteomic profiles and by assessing butyrate production. We show that both interindividual differences and compound treatments significantly contributed to the variance of metaproteomic profiles. BBR and eight analogs led to changes in proteins involved in microbial defense and stress responses and enrichment of proteins from Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla. It also led to a decrease in proteins from the Firmicutes phylum and its Clostridiales order which correlated to decrease proteins involved in the butyrate production pathway and butyrate concentration. Three of the compounds, sanguinarine, chelerythrine, and ethoxysanguinarine, activated bacterial protective mechanisms, enriched Proteobacteria, increased opacity proteins, and markedly reduced butyrate production. Dihydroberberine had a similar function to BBR in enriching the Akkermansia genus. In addition, it showed less overall adverse impacts on the functionality of the gut microbiome, including a better maintenance of the butyrate level. Our study shows that ex vivo microbiome assay can assess differential regulating effects of compounds with subtle differences and reveals that compound analogs can have distinct effects on the microbiome.     

健脾康儿片的质量控制研究

目的:进行健脾康儿片的质量控制研究。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法对健脾康儿片中主要成分盐酸小檗碱进行定量分析;同时对制剂中的主要药味人参、黄连、陈皮进行薄层鉴别。结果:用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸小檗碱的含量,在0.054～0.648μg,盐酸小檗碱峰面积值与进样量有良好的线性关系(r=0.999 6)。平均加样回收率97.5%,RSD 1.51%(n=6),薄层图谱斑点清晰,阴性对照无干扰。结论:方法简便,重复性好,可有效控制制剂的质量。