Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia: report of a large-sized scalp lesion

In this report, a case is presented with large recurrent, benign, vascular and proliferative lesion on the scalp. Complete surgical excision of the tumor mass and split thickness skin grafting of the defect had favorable results with no recurrences after 24-month follow-up.     

Lymphoid follicular hyperplasia–a distinctive feature of diversion colitis

Diversion colitis refers to the inflammatory changes that occur in the defunctioned segment of the large intesting following diversion of the faecal stream. We report the histological features in the defunctioned rectums from seven patients: one each with severe constipation and Behcet's disease, two with Crohn's disease with rectal sparing and three with ulcerative colitis. The appearances of diversion colitis in a previously normal rectum are compared with diversion colitis with superimposed inflammatory bowel disease. Lymphoid follicular hyperplasia was found in all cases. This was marked in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. with or without initial rectal involvement. Other changes comprised surface epithelial degeneration and ulceration, mucosal inflammation including crypt abscesses, and crypt branching. Inflammatory and crypt changes were mild, except in ulcerative colitis where changes were marked and resembled those of the proximal colon. Lymphoid hyperplasia is a distinctive feature in diversion colitis. The term follicular proctitis, previously used to indicate chronic ulcerative colitis exclusively, should be re-examined.     

Quality of life in adult survivors of lung,colon and prostate cancer

In a cross-sectional study design, a disease free sample of 57 lung, 117 colon, and 104 prostate cancer survivors who represented short, intermediate and long-term survivors completed a detailed assessment of quality of life (QOL) and rehabilitation needs using the CAncer Rehabilitation Evaluation System (CARES). Demographic and medical data, social support, and a global QOL rating were also assessed. Lung cancer patients showed no differences in QOL with respect to their period of survival. QOL improved for survivors of colon cancer as they lived for longer periods, but declined with time for survivors of prostate cancer. The best predictor of QOL for all groups was KPS, although other variables such as type of hospital, gender, and work status were predictive for survivors of colon cancer. For survivors of prostate cancer comorbidity with other medical illnesses, time since diagnosis and comorbidity due to psychiatric difficulties were predictive of QOL. All groups had significant rehabilitation problems in the domains of physical, psychosocial, sexual, medical interaction, and marital relationships. Lung cancer survivors had more problems than the other cancer survivors. We conclude that patients who survive cancer do not return to a state of normal health. They demonstrate a variety of difficulties with which they must cope as they continue to survive. Greater efforts need to be made early in diagnosis and treatment to understand rehabilitation problems and target interventions in the hope of reducing later sequelae.Currently in private practice, Glendale, CaliforniaC. A. C. Schag was supported in part by Veterans Administration Health Research and Development Grant 83-002 and in part by Cares Consultants, 2210 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 359, Santa Monica, CA 90403.Address requests for Information about CARES to: CARES Consultants, 2210 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 359, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA. Tel: (+1) 310-450-7410; Fax: (+1) 310-399-0016     

前列腺癌患者PSA、PSAD、PSAT测定

目的：探讨前列腺特异抗原（PSA）及前列腺特异抗原密度（PSAD）、前列腺特异抗原移行区密度（PSAT）作为前列腺癌肿瘤标志物的临床价值。方法：选择前列腺癌患者30例、前列腺增生患者30例、健康志愿者20例，采用放射免疫法检测PSA并计算PSAD、PSAT，比较3组间的变化情况。结果：前列腺增生组PSA升高，与对照组相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），前列腺癌组PSA、PSAD、PSAT均升高，与对照组及前列腺增生组对比差异有统计学意义（P＜0．001）。结论：PSA作为前列腺癌肿瘤标志物有重要临床价值，但单纯测定血PSA含量有时不易区分前列腺增生与前列腺癌；PSAD、PSAT在前列腺增生与前列腺癌的鉴别诊断中优于PSA。     

12例肺血管瘤临床分析

总结我院12年来的12例肺血管瘤的资料,结合文献讨论了肺血管瘤的临床特点,如:女性多见,可有呼吸系统症状,X线多表现为孤立性病灶及生长缓慢等。准确诊断较难,手术治疗预后良好。应进一步加深临床对该病的认识。     

Long term changes in the vascular wall after laser recanalization of an artery

All-Union Surgical Research Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. N. Malinovskii.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 112, No. 12, pp. 653–657, December, 1991.     

经尿道电气化切除术治疗良性前列腺增生症(附1532例报告)

目的 :总结和评价经尿道前列腺电气化切除术 (TUVP)治疗良性前列腺增生症 (BPH)的疗效。方法 :采用铲式气化切割环 ,经尿道气化切除前列腺 1 5 32例。结果 :最大尿流率 (Qmax)由手术前 (7.7± 3.8)ml/s到术后 (1 7.9± 3.2 )ml/s;国际前列腺症状评分由术前 (2 9.5± 3.6 )分到术后 (9.1± 2 .9)分 ;生活质量评分由术前 (5 .5± 0 .3)分到术后 (1 .9± 0 .3)分 ;术中前列腺包膜穿孔 2例 ;术后尿失禁 2例 ,前尿道狭窄 1 7例 ,后尿道狭窄 7例 ;无电切综合征及死亡病例。结论 :TUVP治疗BPH创伤小、出血少、疗效好、术后康复快     

哈乐在良性前列腺增生伴急性尿潴留中的应用

目的 :探讨α1A肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂哈乐 (tamsulosin)对良性前列腺增生 (BPH)伴急性尿潴留病人的治疗作用。方法 :对 72例BPH伴急性尿潴留病人采用随机、对照研究 ,分为治疗组和对照组。病人均行保留导尿 ,口服抗生素治疗。治疗组加用哈乐 0 .4mg ,1次 /d ,连续服用 3次。 72h后拔除导尿管。　结果 :拔除导尿管后 4 4 % (32 / 72 )的病人能自行排尿。有效率治疗组为 6 1% (2 2 / 36 ) ,对照组为 2 8% (10 / 36 ) ,两组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。　结论 :对BPH伴急性尿潴留应用哈乐治疗 ,可提高早期拔除导尿管后病人自行排尿的成功率 ,且疗效与前列腺体积大小无关。     

多层面CT重建诊断中央大气道良性病变

目的 :分析多层面CT三维重建诊断中央大气道良性病变的价值。材料和方法 :用多层面CT对 3 5例中央气道良性病变 (解剖性异常 5例 ,炎症性病变 18例及其它 12例 )扫描 ,并全部完成三维表面遮盖显示、容积显示和仿真内窥镜检查。所有病例第一次读片时仅有横断面图像 ,第二次读片时增加重建图像。结果 :三维重建帮助 4例横断面漏误诊的解剖性异常获得确诊 ,16例炎症性病变进一步详细显示 ,2例气管支气管裂伤明确范围和程度 ;虚拟内窥镜帮助 5例横断面上不能确诊的痰液获得确诊。结论 :CT三维重建可用于解剖性异常和痰液的诊断 ,对其它良性疾病主要是对病变的另一种形式的进一步显示。     

Prevalence of elevated serum prostate-specific antigen in rural Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Recent hospital and cancer registry data show increasing prostate cancer incidence in Nigeria, which was previously regarded as a low incidence region. This study investigates the prevalence of prostate cancer risk in a previously unscreened cohort of rural Nigerians. METHODS: Rural Nigerian men, 40 years and older, were screened by serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE) and those with PSA >/= 4 ng/mL and/or abnormal DRE were referred for prostate biopsy. RESULTS: Of 200 consecutive men invited, 151 (75.5%) presented for screening, the mean age was 56.45 + 15.1 and 95 (61.6%) were >/= 50 years of age. Of the 140 who consented to a blood test, PSA correlated with age (r = 0.3, P < 0.01), 14 (10.0%) had abnormal PSA >/= 4 ng/mL, increasing from 3 (3.6%) in men < 60 years to 4 (50%) in men >/= 80 years. The rate was 13 (15.7%) for men >/= 50 years and there was no evidence of increased incidence of prostatitis in the community. Mean (median) PSA in ng/mL increased from 1.17 (0.60) in the youngest to 13.75 (4.45) in the oldest cohort. Of those who accepted DRE, 38 (29.0%) had an enlarged prostate, including two who had nodular prostate, one-third with symptoms, increasing from 4 (5.4%) in those < 50 years to 6 (75.0%) in men >/= 80 years. The proportion of men with PSA >/= 4 ng/mL among those with enlarged vs normal prostate is 27.0 to 3.4%, P < 0.001, and the pattern was similar for men >/= 60 years and those < 60 years of age. The 40 (32.0%) men referred for prostate biopsy defaulted mainly because they did not fully understand the need for further investigation because they were symptom free or afraid of the possible side-effects of the procedure or diagnosis of cancer. CONCLUSION: The proportion of men with PSA >/= 4 ng/mL is comparable to that of previously unscreened populations with high incidence of prostate cancer such as African-American men. A larger study is required to confirm these findings and intensify efforts to determine the prostate cancer detection rate by biopsy in this population. A prostate cancer awareness and education campaign will be useful in this community.