Impact of lymph node metastasis on survival in patients with pathological T1 carcinoma of the ampulla of vater

To determine the prognostic factors for patients with pathological T1 (pT1) carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater, 36 consecutive patients with carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater who underwent surgery were retrospectively analyzed in terms of clinicopathological features. The overall 5-year Kaplan-Meier survival in all patients was 50.2%, and the median survival of all patients was 64.0 months. Factors favorably influencing a long-term outcome were the absence of lymph node metastasis (P<0.0001), the absence of ulcer formation of the tumor (P=0.0062), and the absence of tumor invasion into the duodenum (P = 0.0025) and the pancreas (P=0.0098). In a multivariate analysis, lymph node metastasis was the only predictor of survival (P=0.0023). In the pT1 stage patients, 20% of the patients had lymph node metastasis, and their survival was statistically poor compared to the pT1 patients without lymph node metastasis (P=0.017). As for survival after the operation, there was no significant difference between pancreatoduodenectomy and pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy.     

Clinical and immunological effects of azithromycin in Behçet''s disease

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of azithromycin on mucocutaneous manifestations, oral health and immune response in Behçet's disease (BD). Methods: Eight BD patients with active mucocutaneous symptoms were treated with azithromycin for 4 weeks. Oral health, clinical manifestations and in vitro interleukin (IL)‐12, interferon (IFN)‐γ, IL‐10 and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)‐1 responses were evaluated before and after treatment. Results: The number of folliculitic lesions, healing time of oral ulcers and scores of plaque indexes (PLIs) were lower after azithromycin treatment (P < 0.05). Scores of PLIs correlated positively with the healing time of oral ulcers (P = 0.02). Although a trend towards increased stimulated IL‐10 responses with azithromycin was observed, no statistically significant difference was found. Stimulated and unstimulated MCP‐1, IFN‐γ and IL‐12 responses were similar before and after treatment (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Azithromycin was observed to be effective in decreasing folliculitic lesions and fastening the healing time of oral ulcers in BD.     

谈《正常人体学基础》教材及教学方法改进

本文介绍了《正常人体学基础》教材的特点,讨论了本学科教学应注意的问题,强调了要充分地使用标本模型、挂图及多媒体教学,讨论了本学科的学习方法.     

健脾止泻饮治疗糖尿病腹泻32例观察

目的:观察自拟健脾止泻饮治疗糖尿病腹泻的临床疗效。方法:治疗组32例用健脾止泻饮治疗,对照组30例用维生素B1、复方苯乙呱啶、盐酸黄连素治疗。结果:治疗组总有效率93.8%,对照组总有效率56.7%,两组比较有极显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:健脾止泻饮治疗糖尿病腹泻有较好疗效,且无不良反应和毒副作用。     

Regulation of fluid intake in dogs following water deprivation

Whereas water loss in land living animals occurs continuously, water intake takes place discontinuously. At the normal operating set point of plasma osmolality, urine is more concentrated than plasma due to secretion of vasopressin. Thus animals operate around a state of mild dehydration. As water loss occurs, the severity of dehydration and thirst increase in intensity and at some point water intake occurs. Sufficient water is consumed to return plasma osmolality to the normal operating set point. Food intake and water balance are interdependent as food provides the osmoles which determine obligatory renal solute excretion. When dry food with the same osmotic content was substituted for canned food (water content 74%), dogs increased water intake from 24.2 +/- 4.3 to 62.2 +/- 8.8 ml/kg. Urine output and urine osmolality were unchanged, as under conditions of normal hydration, near maximal urine concentration is achieved. Changing water intake is the only available variable to maintain water balance. During water deprivation, the major renal mechanism appears to be natriuresis. In rehydration, satiety mechanisms ensure appropriate water intake and renal sodium conservation restores sodium balance.     

腰椎间盘突出症人工椎间盘置换手术及效果

目的 :观察采用SBCharit啨人工椎间盘置换手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果?椒?:左下腹部腹直肌旁切口 ,切断腹直肌鞘及后层 ,钝性分离腹主动脉和静脉 ,并游离到右边用棉垫加以保护。然后作一“H”型切口切开纤维环 ,用刮匙和咬骨钳清除椎间盘组织特别是髓核。将SBCharit啨人工椎间盘植入?峁?:8例中有 7例 (87.5 % )的临床效果为相当好 ,1个病人 (12 .5 % )为一般 ,有背疼或腿部症状需偶尔服药。椎体活动范围平均为 9°。没有发现有假体松动、下沉入椎体。结论 :若适应证选择得当 ,将获得满意效果。     

高血压病合并脑梗死的动态血压特点

目的 :观察高血压病合并脑梗死患者的动态血压特点。方法 :对 70例高血压病合并脑梗死患者和 1 0 2例单纯高血压病患者进行 2 4h动态血压监测。结果 :84 %高血压病合并脑梗死患者血压昼夜节律消失 ,而单纯高血压病患者 5 8%消失 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;高血压病合并脑梗死组 85 %出现晨峰 ,而单纯高血压病组 5 5 %出现晨峰 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :血压的昼夜变化和晨峰与高血压病合并脑梗死密切相关。高血压病合并脑梗死患者晨峰明显增加 ,昼夜节律消失明显     

曲肘式机构的优化设计

以功效系数为目标函数,相应地确定了设计变量和约束函数,对塑料注塑机合模机构的参数进行优化计算,提高了机构的综合性能。     

2%HPMC对兔眼内压及角膜内皮影响的实验研究

报导了2%羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、1%透明质酸钠(Na-HA)及平衡盐液(BSS)分别注入兔眼前房后,其眼内压、角膜内皮细胞数及内皮细胞形态的变化。证实自制2%HPMC 与进口1%Na-HA 性能基本相同,仅有一过性眼压升高,不损害角膜内皮,能在眼前节手术及人工晶体植入时有效地保护角膜内皮细胞。