Deep spatial profiling of human COVID-19 brains reveals neuroinflammation with distinct microanatomical microglia-T-cell interactions

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有否静脉溶栓的急性心肌梗死63例尸解病理分析

探讨溶栓治疗的并发症。方法急性心肌梗死住院死亡并行尸体解剖６３例,２６例曾给予溶栓治疗,３７例行常规治疗。结果两组性别、年龄、ＣＨＤ的危险因素,梗死次数,心肌酶学、梗死部位及血管狭窄程度均无明显差异。结论ＡＭＩ早期溶栓治疗心脏破 发生率较非溶栓组明显升高。     

79例小儿尸检病例的临床与病理诊断对照分析

９例小儿尸检病例的临床与病理诊断作对照分析。结果显示：１４例误诊,误诊率为１７７２％;在～２８ｄ,～５岁,～１０岁和～１４岁４个小儿年龄组中,新生儿组误诊率为２９６３％,明显高于其他年龄组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,且日龄越小误诊率越高;呼吸系统疾病是误诊的主要病种,占４２８６％;而年长儿的２例误诊均为结核病。提示对新生儿疾病诊断时,要详细了解围生期情况,积极寻找原发病;结核病对儿童的致命威胁应引起儿科医生的高度重视。     

AUTOPSY FINDINGS IN THE WOLCOTT-RALLISON SYNDROME

Wolcott-Rallison syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by diabetes mellitus arising in early infancy and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. To date, nine cases have been described in the world literature. We report an affected girl who died at the age of 4 years and on whom a full autopsy was performed. In addition to neonatal diabetes mellitus and epiphyseal dysplasia, this child had mental retardation and recurrent episodes of self-limiting hepatic failure. Autopsy revealed severe pancreatic hypoplasia and markedly abnormal pancreatic histology, while histology of the bone was consistent with epiphyseal dysplasia. There was laryngeal stenosis and pulmonary hypoplasia. The heart was enlarged with mitral valve dysplasia and stenosis, left atrial dilatation, left ventricular hypertrophy, and endocardial fibroelastosis. Examination of the central nervous system showed arrhinencephaly and cerebellar cortical dysplasia. The liver showed minor histological abnormalities but no features were present to account for the recurrent hepatic failure. In addition to Wolcott-Rallison syndrome this child had a deletion at 15q11-12 in 65 of her cells.     

原发性胃绒毛膜癌临床病理分析

研究胃原发性绒毛膜癌的组织学特点，探讨其组织学的发生。方法：对１例残胃原发性绒毛膜癌进行尸检、组织学观察，应用免疫组织化学研究其组织学的发生。结果：肿瘤表现单一的绒毛膜癌形态伴有坏死和出血，肿瘤转移至肝脏，双肺及胃周围淋巴结。免疫组化肿瘤表达ＨＣＧ阳性，部分肿瘤细胞表达ＣＫ阳性。在目前英文文献报道的４８例胃原发性绒毛膜癌中，２８．３％病例以单一的绒毛膜癌形态，１３％的病例胃为腺癌而转移灶为绒毛膜癌     

The Pathological Features of Dissemination of Lymphoma in the Heart in 42 Autopsy Cases

OBJECTIVE To study the pathological features of dissemination of lymphoma in the heart and understand its influence on cardiac function.METHODS Forty-two patients who died of lymphoma were autoposied and the gross and microscopic pathological changes of the heart observed.RESULTS Eight (19.05%) out of 42 cases had heart dissemination in the pericardium and heart wall. The dissemination features noted were of a nodular type, diffuse type and mixed type, leading to neoplastic myocarditis.CONCLUSION The pathological features of dissemination of lymphoma in the heart are varied, and the different types can produce dissimilar influences in heart function.     

Deaths among young, single women in 2000-2001 in the West Bank, Palestinian Occupied Territories

A study in 2000-2001 of causes of death of women of reproductive age (15-49) in the West Bank, Palestinian Occupied Territories, found that 154 of the 411 deceased women aged 15-49 with known marital status were single. Death notification forms for reported deaths were analysed and verbal autopsies carried out, where possible, with relatives of the deceased women. We found important differences in the age at death and causes of death among the single and married women, which can be attributed to the disadvantaged social status of single women in Palestinian society, exacerbated by the current unstable political situation. 41% of the deceased single women were under 25 years of age at death compared to 8% of the married women. The proportion of violent deaths and suicides among the single women was almost twice as high as among the married women, mainly in those below age 25. The single women were also more likely to die from medical conditions which indicated that they faced barriers to accessing health care. The fieldwork was conducted at the height of the Intifada and the Israeli military response, with heavy restrictions on mobility, limiting the possibility of probing deeper into the circumstances surrounding sensitive deaths. More research into the socio-cultural context of single women in Palestine society is needed as a basis for intervention.     

The role of autopsy following pregnancy termination for fetal abnormality

OBJECTIVE: To review the frequency of autopsy following pregnancy termination for fetal anomaly and its contribution to subsequent counselling. METHODS: All medical pregnancy terminations for fetal anomaly performed after 14 weeks gestation from January 1997 to December 2006 were identified and the frequency of autopsy ascertained. The prenatal diagnosis prompting the termination was then compared with the autopsy data, and a diagnostic valuation was determined. The potential autopsy value ranged from no additional information provided, minor added value, significant added value, major added value to non-confirmation of the prenatal findings. RESULTS: During the ten-year study period, there were 1012 consecutive terminations for fetal abnormality. The principal indications for termination were: karyotypic (38.4%); neural tube defects (16.1%); cardiac (10.3%) and cerebral anomalies (7.5%). Autopsy was performed in 809 cases (79.9%). The autopsy rate progressively declined from 95.1% in 1997 to 67.5% in 2006 (P<0.001). Women declining autopsy were older (31 years (26,35) vs 32 years (27,37), P=0.005) and more likely to have a fetal chromosomal abnormality (30.6% vs 69.9%, P<0.001) (autopsy vs no-autopsy). In euploid cases, autopsy confirmed the prenatal diagnosis with no additional information in 63.5% (357 of 562). In 1.1% (six cases), autopsy added major diagnostic information, and in 15.1% (85 cases), significant information was provided. CONCLUSIONS: Although contemporary prenatal testing has improved the recognition of fetal abnormalities, autopsy remains a valued tool by providing diagnosis or clarification of some prenatal findings in 16% of cases. Fetal autopsy rates are declining and this trend may lead to a loss of diagnostic and recurrence risk-counselling information.     

急性胰腺炎猝死尸检分析

目的 分析塞舌尔人急性胰腺炎猝死的原因及特点。方法 收集32例急性胰腺炎猝死病例的尸检资料并进行组织病理学检查。结果 32例中,男27例,女5例。23例胰腺质量轻度增加,切面可见散在的出血坏死灶;9例胰腺缩小并广泛出血坏死及周围脂肪坏死。结论 乙醇摄入是塞舌尔人急性胰腺炎猝死的主要原因。     

Young Men,Masculinities, and Suicide

Young men constitute one of the highest risk groups for suicide in most countries. This gives reason to explore how meanings attached to masculinity can be evoked and handled when a young man takes his life. In-depth interviews with 5 to 8 informants for each of 10 suicides, as well as suicide notes, were analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The suicides appeared as signature acts of compensatory masculinity with the following themes: When hope is gone, no one must know; weakness was never allowed; and suicide conducted in a way to present oneself as heroic. The handling of masculinity in triggering suicidal plans and in carrying out suicide is intrinsically connected to avoidance of help-seeking behavior.