室性早搏的快速检测方法

提出一种利用相关性和RR间期比相结合的快速室性早搏的检测算法.该算法具有一定的病人自适应性.通过MIT-BIH心律失常数据库的验证,该方法对Normal和PVC有很高的识别率.     

短暂性脑缺血发作对后继脑梗死影响的研究

目的:评价短暂性脑缺血发作(T IA)对后继脑梗死是否有保护作用。方法:选择2000~2005年我院老年神经病科及神经内科既往有同侧T IA的脑梗死患者98例,并对有同侧T IA的脑梗死患者根据T IA发作持续时间分为<10m in(26例)、10~20m in(38例)及>20m in(34例),并选择同期住院无T IA的脑梗死患者102例进行病例对照观察。在入院及病程一月时采用改良的爱丁堡-斯堪的那维亚卒中量表进行神经功能缺损评分,病程一月时进行预后评分。结果:两组患者年龄及其他危险因素包括高血压病、糖尿病、高脂血症及冠心病无差异(P>0.05);入院及病程一月时,无T IA的脑梗死患者其神经功能缺损评分及近期预后与T IA持续时间在10~20m in的脑梗死患者有显著性差异(P<0.05),但与T IA持续时间<10m in及>20m in的脑梗死患者无差异(P>0.05),且T IA持续时间在10~20m in之间与<10m in、>20m in比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:T IA对后继脑梗死有保护作用。     

急性心肌梗死患者Q-T离散度分析

目的分析急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者Q-T离散度(Q-Td)的动态变化,及其与恶性室性心律失常的关系。方法测量50例急性心肌梗死病人住院期间Q-Td及校正Q-T离散度(Q-Tcd),分析其与恶性室性心律失常的关系。结果50例AMI患者住院期间Q-Td动态变化揭示了Q-Td与恶性室性心律失常的密切关系,38例急性心肌梗死Q-Td及Q-Tcd入院时较出院有非常明显延长(P<0.05)。结论Q-Td可作为预测急性心肌梗死发生恶性室性心律失常的一项敏感指标。     

持续高眼压对急性大发作期原发性闭角型青光眼行白内障手术的影响

目的：研究持续高眼压对原发性闭角型青光眼急性大发作期行白内障手术的影响与其相关因素分析,并探讨持续高眼压状态下的治疗方案。

方法：选取武汉同济医院眼科收治的284例293眼接受白内障手术治疗的原发性闭角型青光眼急性大发作期的病历资料。根据术前眼压,将病人分为三组,术前用全身及局部药物眼压可基本控制在正常范围内的(组1),共188例; 术前眼压不能用药控制在正常范围,但行一次前房穿刺治疗后,眼压在用药物或不用药下可控制在正常范围的(组2),共61例; 术前多次前房穿刺放液仍不能维持正常眼压(组3),共44例。组1行白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术,组2和组3行白内障摘除和房角分离联合人工晶体植入术。分析手术前后视力、眼压、中央前房深度、黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度以及房角镜检查结果。术前及术后测量数据采用非参数检验。

结果：各组术后一周眼压控制率分别为：组1(100%),组2(95%),组3(82%)(组2眼压控制率高于组3, χ²=4.795,P<0.05)。视力提高率分别为：组1(92%),组2(84%); 组3(52%)。各组术后中央前房深度均较术前明显加深,但组3中术后房角粘连范围显著高于组1和组2。组1和组2未出现术后前房积血,而组3中18%患者术后出现前房积血。

结论：对于持续高眼压的原发性闭角型青光眼急性大发作术前各种措施将眼压降至正常后再行白内障手术有较好的疗效,但是术前多次前房穿刺放液仍不能维持正常眼压眼,术后存在较大的房角粘连和前房出血风险。     

联合激光与传统药物治疗原发性闭角型青光眼急性发作期的临床研究

目的评价激光周边虹膜成形术联合激光瞳孔成形术与传统降眼压药物治疗原发性闭角型青光眼急性发作的有效性和安全性。 方法收集2014年1月至2015年7月于邯郸市眼科医院(邯郸市第三医院)就诊的62例(68只眼)确诊为原发性闭角型青光眼首次急性发作并未做降眼压治疗患者的病例资料。其中,男性15例(17只眼),女性47例(51只眼),平均年龄(67.5±8.5)岁,所有患者眼压升高≥40 mmHg(1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa)。将入选患者采用数字表法随机分为激光组和药物组。激光组给予激光周边虹膜成形术联合激光瞳孔成形术治疗,药物组给予传统降眼压药物治疗。采用TA03型Icare眼压计测量治疗前、治疗后1 h和2 h的眼压,记录两组角膜及前房情况。以治疗后2 h眼压降至30 mmHg及以下为抢救成功,反之则为治疗失败。激光组和药物组年龄、就诊时眼压和发作时间等资料的描述采用均数±标准差表示,组间比较使用独立样本t检验;两组治疗成功率的描述采用眼数和百分比,比较采用χ²检验;两组治疗前、治疗后1 h和2 h眼压的比较采用两因素重复测量方差分析。 结果治疗后1 h激光组14只眼抢救成功,成功率为41.2%;药物组15只眼抢救成功,成功率为44.2%。治疗后2 h激光组18只眼抢救成功,成功率为52.9%;药物组20只眼抢救成功,成功率为58.2%。治疗后1 h与2 h两组间成功率无统计学意义( χ²＝0.06,0.24;P>0.05)。激光组治疗前视力为光感至0.4,治疗后1 h视力为眼前手动至0.6,治疗后2 h视力为眼前手动至0.6。药物组治疗前视力为光感至0.4,治疗后1 h视力为光感至0.8,治疗后2 h视力为光感至0.8。两组主要并发症为前房内炎症反应和角膜内皮皱褶,无眼内感染和脉络膜下暴发性出血等严重并发症。激光组治疗前、治疗后1 h和2 h平均眼压分别为(56.9±8.7)mmHg、(37.9±16.2)mmHg和(32.9±16.4)mmHg,治疗后眼压下降,与治疗前的比较差异有统计学意义(t＝6.02,7.76;P<0.05)。药物组治疗前、治疗后1 h和2 h平均眼压分别为(55.8±9.5)mmHg、(37.6±17.7)mmHg和(30.6±18.2)mmHg,治疗后眼压下降,与治疗前的比较差异有统计学意义(t＝5.28,7.16;P<0.05)。但两组各时间点的眼压比较均无统计学意义(t＝0.89,0.58,0.85;P>0.05)。 结论激光周边虹膜成形术联合激光瞳孔成形术和传统的降眼压药物治疗均能快速降低原发性闭角型青光眼急性发作期的眼压,但激光治疗安全、有效,可避免药物治疗给机体带来的副作用,是治疗原发性闭角型青光眼急性发作期的重要辅助措施。     

从小柴胡汤“寒热往来”谈蒿芩清胆汤

寒热往来为少阳病主症之一,蒿芩清胆汤与小柴胡汤均可治疗“寒热往来”之少阳病,两者有相似之处,但是蒿芩清胆汤治温病的三焦气分湿热证,小柴胡汤治伤寒中足少阳胆经病。伤寒少阳病的病位主要在足少阳胆经,温病少阳病的病位主要在手少阳三焦经,两者病变部位不同;小柴胡汤以和解表里为主,而蒿芩清胆汤分消三焦湿热,并兼有和解表里的功能。     

通心络胶囊治疗短暂性脑缺血发作临床观察

目的：观察通心络胶囊治疗短暂性脑缺血发作（ TIA）的临床疗效。方法将72例TIA患者随机分为2组,对照组36例予曲克芦丁片治疗,治疗组36例予通心络胶囊治疗。比较2组治疗前后血脂指标变化,左侧椎动脉、右侧椎动脉和基底动脉血流速度变化。结果治疗组治疗后血脂指标,左侧椎动脉、右侧椎动脉及基底动脉血流速度均较本组治疗前改善（P ＜0．05）,且2组组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）,治疗组改善优于对照组。结论通心络胶囊可调节 TIA 患者血脂,改善血液流速,降低患者发展为脑梗死的风险。     

Vaccination and Antibody Testing in Cats

Vaccines protect cats from serious diseases by inducing antibodies and cellular immune responses. Primary vaccinations and boosters are given according to vaccination guidelines provided by industry and veterinary organizations, based on minimal duration of immunity (DOI). For certain diseases, particularly feline panleukopenia, antibody titres correlate with protection. For feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus, a similar correlation is absent, or less clear. In this review, the European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases (ABCD) presents current knowledge and expert opinion on the use of antibody testing in different situations. Antibody testing can be performed either in diagnostic laboratories, or in veterinary practice using point of care (POC) tests, and can be applied for several purposes, such as to provide evidence that a successful immune response was induced following vaccination. In adult cats, antibody test results can inform the appropriate re-vaccination interval. In shelters, antibody testing can support the control of FPV outbreaks by identifying potentially unprotected cats. Antibody testing has also been proposed to support decisions on optimal vaccination schedules for the individual kitten. However, such testing is still expensive and it is considered impractical to monitor the decline of maternally derived antibodies.     

Mechanical and Durability Evaluation of Metakaolin as Cement Replacement Material in Concrete

Due to the increasing prices of cement and its harmful effect on the environment, the use of cement has become highly unsustainable in concrete. There is a considerable need for promoting the use of cement replacement materials. This study investigates the effect of variable percentages of metakaolin (MK) on the mechanical and durability performance of concrete. Kaolin clay (KC) was used in the current research to prepare the MK by the calcination process; it was ground in a ball mill to its maximum achievable fineness value of 2550 m²/Kg. Four replacement levels of MK, i.e., 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of cement, in addition to control samples, at a constant water-to-cement (w/c) ratio of 0.55 were used. For evaluating the mechanical and durability performance, 27 cubes (6 in. × 6 in. × 6 in.) and 6 cylinders (3.875 in. diameter, 2 in. height) were cast for each mix. These samples were tested for compressive strength under standard conditions and in an acidic environment, in addition to being subjected to water permeability, sorptivity, and water absorption tests. Chemical analysis revealed that MK could be used as pozzolana as per the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM C 618:2003). The results demonstrated an increased compressive strength of concrete owing to an increased percentage of MK in the mix with aging. In particular, the concrete having 20% MK after curing under standard conditions exhibited 33.43% higher compressive strength at 90 days as compared to similarly aged control concrete. However, with increasing MK, the workability of concrete decreased drastically. After being subjected to an acid attack (immersing concrete cubes in 2% sulfuric acid solution), the samples exhibited a significant decrease in compressive strength at 90 days in comparison to those without acid attack at the same age. The density of acid attack increased with increasing MK with a maximum corresponding to 5% MK concrete. The current findings suggest that the local MK has the potential to produce good-quality concrete in a normal environment.     

Investigation of the Neutralizing Behaviors of Cement-Based Materials Using a New pH Indicator Formulated from February Orchid Petals

Investigation of the neutralizing behavior of concrete is essential, as it can help reveal the durability properties of concrete structures. In this paper, anthocyanin extracted from February orchid (F. orchid) petals was used to characterize the neutralized (carbonated, leached, and sulfate-attacked) regions of cement-based materials. The durability of F. orchid indicator was evaluated through comparison between discoloring behaviors of fresh and aged F. orchid indicators, and the capability of the new indicator in neutralization characterization was then verified by combining indicator (phenolphthalein, malachite green, indigo carmine, or thymolphthalein) spray, X-ray computed tomography (CT), and the X-ray attenuation method (XRAM). The result in the present study showed that, with a lower color intensity as compared to phenolphthalein/thymolphthalein, F. orchid indicator was less preferable in studying carbonation but a better choice in characterizing leaching and sulfate attack of cement-based materials. In addition, a sharp carbonation front was revealed in the present study, suggesting that the carbonation process in this study was controlled mainly by diffusion. For leaching and sulfate attack, the broader fronts revealed suggested that both processes were co-controlled by diffusion and reaction. The current work serves as a ‘leap’ toward the application of natural pigments in analyzing the durability of concrete structures.