经耻骨直肠肌内侧间隙低位直肠癌切除术的评价（附30例报告）

施行了30例经耻骨直肠肌内侧间隙低位直肠癌切除术。该术式腹部操作同Mikes术，会阴部经肛门内外括约肌间切口，经耻骨直肠肌内侧间隙与腹部手术会师，保留了肛门外括约肌、耻骨直肠肌、切除了直肠和部分肛管，操作简便，无严重并发症，术后排便功能良好，初步远期疗效满意．若适当掌握手术指征，该术式可为部分距肛缘3．5cm以上低位直肠癌在保留肛门及良好排便功能的同时得到根治的一种可取的手术方法。     

上皮间质转化状态在内镜治疗慢性鼻窦炎患者预后的预测意义研究

目的探讨不伴有鼻息肉的慢性鼻窦炎患者鼻腔或鼻窦黏膜组织中的上皮间质转化状态（EMT）与临床资料、症状评分等的相关性,分析其对患者预后的预测意义。方法收集2012年1月-2013年5月经鼻内镜手术治疗的不伴有鼻息肉的慢性鼻窦炎患者30例及健康者15例的鼻腔或鼻窦黏膜标本,采用实时定量PCR（RT—PCR）检测黏膜组织中上皮细胞表型标志E—cadherinmRNA及间质细胞表型标志α-SMAmRNA的相对表达量,分析其与患者症状评分的关联性。结果病例组上皮细胞标志物E—cadherinmRNA相对表达较对照组下降,间质细胞标志物α—SMAmRNA相对表达较对照组上升,提示病例组标本中存在EMT现象;α-SMAmRNA表达与吸烟史呈正相关关系,E—cadherinmRNA表达与年龄、病程、吸烟史等呈负相关关系（P〈0．05）;睡眠评分、Lund—Kennedy总评分、前筛评分与0l—SMAmRNA表达呈正相关,鼻部症状评分、Lund—Kennedy体征总评分、Lund—Mackay体征总评分与E—cadherinmRNA表达呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论在不伴有鼻息肉的CRS患者鼻腔或鼻窦黏膜组织中确实存在EMT现象;患者的病情越重,EMT现象越明显,EMT对患者的预后和转归具有一定的预测意义。     

复方黄连液低位保留灌肠治疗肛窦炎的临床观察

目的 观察复方黄连液低位保留灌肠治疗肛窦炙的临床疗效.方法 选择肛窦炙患者120例,随机分为3组,即治疗组、对照组a和对照组b各40例,治疗组采用复方黄连液每晚低位保留灌肠,对照组a采用甲硝唑加呋喃西林溶液每晚低位保留灌肠,对照组b采用马应龙麝香痔疮膏涂肛内进行治疗,观察1个疗程(12 d).结果 治疗组的治愈率(70.0％)及总有效率(97.5％)均明星优于对照组a和对照组b,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 复方黄连液低位保留灌肠治疗肛窦炙有确切疗效.     

上颌窦支架的临床应用

目的：采用中鼻道上颌窦造口术后放置引流支架治疗慢性鼻窦炎，观察其疗效，并与单纯行中鼻道上颌窦造口术疗效作对照。方法：采用Z型不锈钢丝为骨架、两面覆盖硅橡胶薄膜的卷曲型支架。在鼻内窥镜直视下放置支架，并摄片观察支架的位置和形态。结果：17例共放置23个支架，随访显示上颌窦引流通畅，慢性炎症均治愈。6个月后支架均被取出，再随访4－6个月，上颌窦口开放良好，效果明显优于单纯中鼻道上颌窦口造术。结论：中鼻道上颌窦造口术结合支架引流治疗慢性鼻窦炎较单纯造口术术后处理简便，引流效果好，治愈率较高。     

吻合器在低位直肠癌保肛术中的应用

目的：探讨吻合器在低位直肠癌保肛术中的使用方法及临床价值。方法：对2001年3月至2005年12月58例低位直肠癌术中应用吻合器保留肛门的病例资料进行分析。手术方法按照直肠癌根治性切除术及直肠系膜全切除术原则，切除近端肠管至少15cn，肿瘤下缘远端2era的直肠，应用吻合器在骶前行结一直肠端端吻合术以保留肛门。结果：全组病例均一次完成吻合，无1例手术死亡。吻合口狭窄2例、无吻合口瘘。随访1年～5年，复发2例。结论：应用吻合器在低位直肠癌术中保留肛门具有操作简单、方便、安全等优点，能提高患者的生存质量。     

鼻渊舒口服液联合克拉霉素对慢性鼻窦炎患者症状及Lund-kennedy评分的影响

目的观察用鼻渊舒口服液联合克拉霉素治疗慢性鼻窦炎的临床效果,并探讨其对患者临床症状及Lundkennedy评分的影响。方法 116例慢性鼻窦炎患者随机分为两组,对照组给予克拉霉素胶囊口服治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上给予鼻渊舒口服液,15d后观察两组临床症状的改善情况,对证候给予评分,观察评分的变化情况;用Lund-kennedy评分对鼻腔内情况进行评估;检测治疗前后血清白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平的变化情况,计算临床治疗的有效率。结果治疗后,治疗组的总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05);两组患者的脓涕、鼻塞、头痛、嗅觉下降等临床症状较治疗前有所改善,证候积分较治疗前比有所下降,以治疗组患者的变化幅度更为明显(P0.05);两组Lund-kennedy评分均较治疗前有所降低,以治疗组的降低程度更为明显(P0.05);两组IL-2、IL-6水平较治疗前有所下降,以治疗组患者的下降幅度更为明显(P0.05)。结论鼻渊舒口服液联合克拉霉素能有效改善慢性鼻窦炎患者的临床症状,降低其鼻腔Lund-kennedy评分,抗炎作用明显,疗效确切。     

Orbital Cellulitis and Subperiosteal Abscess: A 5-year Outcomes Analysis

Purpose: Orbital cellulitis and subperiosteal abscess (SPA) are historically associated with poor outcomes. We seek to characterize current associations with abscess formation, surgical failure and vision loss.

Methods: All cases of orbital cellulitis presenting to an affiliated hospital between April 2008 and 2013 were critically reviewed.

Results: Thirty patients met inclusion criteria. Average age was 28.7?±?24.4. The male to female ratio was 2:1. Abscesses were identified in 56.7% of patients. Adults were less likely than children to present with abscesses (28.6% vs. 81.3%, p?=?0.008). Of the other factors analyzed, only antibiotic use before admission (70.5% vs. 23.1%, p?=?0.03) and maximum restriction (?2.5?±?1.2 vs. ?0.9?±?0.7, p?=?0.008) were associated with SPA. Temperature at presentation (37.9?±?0.9 vs. 37.1?±?0.4, p?=?0.04), relative proptosis (5.8?±?3.3?mm vs. 2.1?±?1.1, p?=?0.002) and abscess volume (4.3?±?1.3?mm³ vs. 0.7?±?0.5?mm³, p?=?0.0004) were associated with progression to surgery. Reoperation was required in 26.7% of patients. Of these, two-thirds had combined superior/medial abscesses that re-accumulated after isolated endonasal surgery. Two of the 3 patients with profound vision loss had a dental etiology.

Conclusions: Only young age, prior antibiotics and degree of restriction predicted the presence of an abscess. Re-accumulation was more common than anticipated, and drainage of superior/medial abscesses by endoscopic surgery alone had the strongest association with surgical failure. Patients with odontogenic abscesses must be treated with particular caution.     

Frontal osteomyelitis presenting as upper eyelid ectropion: A cautionary tale

Frontal osteomyelitis is a rare clinical entity that can occur as sequelae to frontal sinusitis, head trauma, as a postoperative complication following sinus surgery or due to haematogenous spread. It usually presents with a soft, fluctuant forehead swelling with pain and fever. Cicatricial ectropion is an extremely rare feature of frontal osteomyelitis. We present a young male patient presenting with cicatricial ectropion that occurred as the sole manifestation of an underlying frontal osteomyelitis. Extensive Medline search did not find any such reported case. We feel that frontal osteomyelitis should be kept in mind as a possible etiology when considering the differential diagnosis of cicatricial ectropion.