停用雷公藤糖浆精子密度可复性调查

目的 分析服用及停用雷公藤糖浆后患者精子密度的变化及生育恢复情况。方法 采用ＷＨＯ的标准,对３３例服用雷公藤糖浆的强直性脊柱炎２的精液进行分析,并调查和随访其生育情况。结果 服药期间,３３例患者精液检查均 子密度为零或接近零的记录;停药１２０ｄ以上,精子密度均见显著提高;３３例雷公藤糖浆服用者中,１３例的妻子有孕育史。结论雷公藤糖浆可致男性精子密度降低至零,停药后可以恢复生育。     

冠心病患者内皮素前列环素白细胞白介素-2的变化及悦宁定的干预作用

通过对４５ 例冠心病（ＣＨＤ）患者外周血循环内皮素（ＥＴ）、前列环素（ＰＧＩ２）代谢产物６－酮类固醇－前列腺素Ｆ１ａ（６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１ａ）和白细胞（Ｗ ＢＣ）、嗜中性粒细胞（ＰＭＮ）、白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）的测定,以了解ＣＨＤ 患者内皮细胞（ＥＣ）的损伤及功能变化,并悦宁定（ｅｎａｌａｐｒｉｌ）治疗组与对照组比较。结果显示：ＣＨＤ 患者ＥＴ、ＷＢＣ、ＰＭＮ 明显高于正常;６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１ａ则明显低于正常;ＩＬ－２在急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）早期明显低于正常,均与病情严重程度相一致。通过ｅｎａｌａｐｒｉｌ治疗后,上述指标明显改善,提示：ｅｎａｌａｐｒｉｌ对ＣＨＤ 患者ＶＥＣ损伤有较好的保护和治疗作用     

Hormone levels of follicular fluids with and without oocytes in patients who received gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues and gonadotropins in an in vitro fertilization program

Background Are follicles where no oocytes are retrieved empty follicles?Methods The levels of estradiol (E₂), progesterone (P), testosterone (T), cortisol (F), and prolactin (PRL) of follicular fluids (FF) aspirated individually from 34 randomly selected IVF patients in whom no oocytes were recovered were compared with the respective hormone levels of FF obtained from the same patients when oocytes were retrieved. Two FF without oocytes of a 35th patient in whom no oocytes were retrieved were analyzed.Results Hormones did not differ significantly in the paired samples, while in the two FF of the 35th woman they were in agreement with cystic follicles.Conclusions It is necessary to differentiate aspirated follicles where no oocytes are retrieved from the empty follicle syndrome, which was not observed in the IVF series studied and should be rare in IVF patients.     

Early splenectomy and polychemotherapy versus polychemotherapy alone in chronic myeloid leukemia

The effect of early splenectomy and of polychemotherapy with hydroxyurea, busulfan, and alternate bimonthly courses of arabinosyl cytosine and vincristine plus prednisone, was evaluated in 139 previously untreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), consecutively admitted to 18 hospitals from March 1973 to October 1974. Fifty-six patients were splenectomized and 83 patients were not splenectomized. Splenectomy did not influence the duration of chronic and blastic phase, and did not prolong survival. The prognosis of high risk patients was not improved. During the chronic phase, high platelet counts were more frequent in splenectomy group, and five patients developed thrombotic or thromboembolic complications, 5 to 19 months after the operation. The median survival of the whole group was 50 months, with 32 of 139 patients (actuarial proportion 30%) remaining alive 72 months after diagnosis, but the slope of the survival curve was similar to that of historical controls. The results of this trial suggests that new strategies should be developed for the therapy of CML.     

母血中胎儿有核红细胞数量与胎儿异常的关系

目的 :探讨母血中胎儿有核红细胞数量与胎儿异常的关系 ,为将它用于无创性产前诊断提供实验依据。方法 :对孕 6～ 40周的 86例妇女 (包括胎儿正常组 68例、胎儿异常组 1 8例 )的外周血进行单密度梯度离心、瑞氏染色和细胞计数 ,分析母血中胎儿有核红细胞数量与孕周、胎儿异常及胎儿性别的关系。结果 :胎儿正常组 ,母血中胎儿有核红细胞平均数量为 1 4.2 3±1 2 .0 1 /ml,与妊娠周数呈直线相关 (R >R0 .0 5)。胎儿异常组中 ,母血中胎儿有核红细胞平均数量较正常胎儿组显著增加 ,约为 3 8.73± 2 4.97/ml,且与妊娠周数无明显直线相关性。母体外周血中胎儿有核红细胞数量与胎儿性别无统计学相关性。结论 :胎儿发生异常时母血中胎儿有核红细胞数量较正常妊娠时增加。母血中胎儿有核红细胞数量在胎儿正常时随孕周而增加 ,且不受胎儿性别的影响。母血中胎儿有核红细胞计数可以辅助用于产前筛查胎儿异常的发生。     

克罗米酚与HCG促排卵作用的临床观察

目的　认识克罗米酚 (CC)促排卵的缺陷 ,评价人绒毛膜促性腺激素 (HCG)的辅助作用。方法　具有正常月经周期的妇女 95例 ,对照组 39例 ;单独使用CC组 30例 ;CC +HCG组 2 6例。观察三组受试者排卵率、子宫内膜厚度及回声类型、排卵日 (LH +0 )及种植窗期 (LH +7)激素水平。结果　CC使子宫内膜变薄 ,回声类型改变 ;CC使黄素化不破裂卵泡综合征 (LUFS)的发生率 (36 6 7% )增加 ,与对照组 (5 13% )比较P <0 0 5 ;CC使种植窗期E2 异常增高 (对照组 115 0 0pg ml,CC组 2 89 5 0pg ml,P <0 0 5 ) ;E2 、P水平与内膜厚度无明显相关性 ,且不能预测LUFS的发生 ;HCG有望降低LUFS的发生率。结论　CC可能使子宫内膜厚度、回声类型、血清激素环境偏离种植所需的理想状态 ;并增加LUFS的发生率 ,HCG的使用有望纠正CC在促排卵过程中的这一缺陷     

Exposure to 1-bromopropane causes ovarian dysfunction in rats.

Although 1-bromopropane has been used in chemical and electronic industries as an alternative to ozone layer-depleting solvents, its toxicity on female reproductive organs has not been fully elucidated. The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of 1-bromopropane on female reproductive function in rats. Forty female Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups. Each group was exposed daily to 0, 200, 400, or 800 ppm of 1-bromopropane for eight h a day. After exposure for 7 weeks, all rats in the 800-ppm group became seriously ill and were sacrificed during the 8th week. The other dose groups were exposed for 12 weeks. In the 800-ppm group, but not in the other two exposed groups, body weight was significantly less than the control at each time point from 2 to 7 weeks after the beginning of exposure. Tests of vaginal smears showed a significant increase in the number of irregular estrous cycles with extended diestrus in the 400- and 800-ppm groups. Histopathological examination of the ovary showed a significant dose-dependent reduction of the number of normal antral follicles and a decrease in the number of normal growing follicles in the 400-ppm group. No significant change was found in plasma concentrations of LH or FSH in any group when compared with the control. Our results indicate that 1-bromopropane can induce a dose-dependent ovarian dysfunction in nonpregnant female rats associated with disruption in follicular growth process.     

Permeant lipophilicity and vehicle composition influence accumulation of dyes in hair follicles of human skin

In skin and hair research drug targeting to the hair follicle is of great interest. Therefore the influence of permeant lipophilicity and vehicle composition on local accumulation has been examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Formulations saturated with either Oregon Green^® 488, Bodipy^® FL C₅ or Bodipy^® 564/570 C₅ were prepared. The dyes were applied in citric acid buffer, 8% (w/v) surfactants in citric acid buffer or 8% (w/v) surfactants/20% (w/v) propylene glycol in citric acid buffer. Flow-through diffusion experiments were performed with fresh human scalp skin, after which the skin was imaged using CLSM. Diffusion studies showed for Oregon Green^® 488 (low lipophilicity) a higher flux when applied in citric acid buffer compared to surfactants. In contrast the fluxes of the more lipophilic dyes (Bodipy^® FL C₅ and Bodipy^® 564/570 C₅) are highest when applied in surfactants/propylene glycol. CLSM studies revealed that follicular accumulation increased with (i) a lipophilic dye and (ii) application of lipophilic dyes in surfactants–propylene glycol. Therefore we conclude that targeting to the hair follicle can be increased by the use of lipophilic drugs in combination with surfactant solutions and propylene glycol.     

Present and future therapeutic strategies for idiopathic oligozoospermia

The effectiveness of medical treatment for idiopathic oligozoospermia (IO) has been at best doubtful until now and a logical consequence of this unsatisfactory situation has been the partial displacement of this approach by assisted reproduction techniques. This state of affairs has resulted from insufficient investigation, inappropriately designed clinical trials and consistent disregard for the principles of evidence-based medicine. Protocol-related shortcomings and wrong interpretation of the data available have also been some of the all too frequent problems encountered in this therapeutic approach. In this rather misty situation, it appears that, of the therapeutic agents used so far, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) (mainly FSH-secretagogues) may exert some beneficial effects on a number of biological endpoints related to spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. The short and medium term prospects of medical treatment for IO rest mainly with improvement of investigative procedures to a higher degree of sophistication, with emphasis placed on identifying the causes rather than the results of dysfunction so that a better selection of candidates can be made. Moreover, the introduction of prognostic indices for evaluation of the beneficial effects of a therapeutic agent may be of paramount importance. Finally, a better assessment of the preparations available and, possibly, the introduction of new more specific agents may also be an important step forward in this field. This type of large-scale effort should not be left to individual investigators or special centres working independently, but it may come under the auspices of a central regulating agency so that undisputed results from large, multicentre and uniform studies might be obtained, if medical treatment is to remain a good option. In this context, it may also be emphasized that andrology's main task should always be to treat the male with the problem rather than his healthy female partner, whenever this is possible.     

祛瘀法治疗疮疡病的临床体会

运用祛瘀法为主，结合清热、化湿、养阴、理气法以及祛腐、生肌、拖线、灌注等内外合治法，治疗臁疮、窦瘘、脱疽、股肿等疮疡疾病，并附验案四则。