环形电刀切除术治疗慢性宫颈炎的临床研究

目的 探讨环形电刀切除术治疗慢性宫颈炎的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析经环形电刀切除术治疗的慢性宫颈炎病人1632例，其中958例行宫颈炎性病灶消融术，511例行宫颈环切术。163例行宫颈锥切术。比较不同术式的术中出血量、手术时间、疗效以及手术并发症发生情况。结果 环形电刀切除术对各种类型慢性宫颈炎的总治愈率达95．8％，总有效率为100％，各术组间治疗效果无明显差异。手术时间及术中、术后出血量最大的为宫颈锥切组，其次是宫颈环切组，再次为病灶消融术组。术后有4．4％的患者出血量超过月经量。需再次止血。结论 环形电刀切除术是治疗慢性宫颈炎的一种安全而有效的方法，适当的操作方法可减少并发症的发生。宫颈病灶消融术效果好而并发症更少。     

Delayed Reduction of Irreducible Chronic Posterolateral Dislocation of the Knee with Buttonholing of the Medial Femoral Condyle

Abstract Traumatic knee dislocations are relatively rare and almost always respond to closed reduction; however, a small percentage of knee dislocations are irreducible and in these cases open reduction is frequently required. A 65-year-old man with an unreduced posterolateral knee dislocation with laterally dislocated patella was seen 3 weeks after a motor vehicle accident. Medial femoral condyle was found buttonholed through the medial capsule together with the medial collateral ligament and lying in the medial joint space that allowed posterior rotary dislocation of the joint. Both cruciate ligaments and medial meniscus were torn. There was no evidence of any vascular or nerve injury. Reduction was accomplished by removal of the capsuloligamentous structures which were incarcerated in the trochlea and intercondylar notch and by excision of meniscal tear. Following posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with patellar tendon autograft, lateral patellar release, vastus medialis advancement, and gracilis transfer were done.     

Comparison of histopathological characteristics of allograft biopsy between responder and non-responder to antiproteinuric effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)

Abstract:  Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) has become recognized as agents that have renoprotective effects in the treatment of progressive renal diseases including post-transplant kidneys. Previously we demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of ACEI treatment on the hypertensive proteinuric post-transplant patients ( N  = 10) who had been followed up for 12 months. However, not all patients show good response in urinary protein reduction. We aimed to analyse the histopathological factor(s) affecting the responsiveness of proteinuria to ACEI treatment. Fourteen post-transplant patients with proteinuria who were treated with ACEI and underwent allograft biopsy were analysed. Eight patients showed 50% or more reduction in proteinuria (responder). The other 6 patients showed less (< 50%) reduction in proteinuria (non-responder). There was no difference in clinical characteristics (BP, renal function, donor age, recipient body mass index), dietary sodium or protein intake, and diuretic use between the two groups. As a histopathological characteristic, glomerular size in responder group was significantly larger than that in non-responder group. This suggests that the large glomerular size at least partly contributes to the responsiveness in urinary protein reduction to ACEI treatment in kidney allograft recipients with proteinuria.     

外伤性肝破裂的救治

目的 分析创伤性肝破裂外科多种干预治疗的效果。方法 总结分析1982-2002年我院收治创伤性肝破裂76例的救治方法和病死率。其中Ⅲ级以上的严重肝破裂46例(60．53％)。手术治疗56例，手术方式包括单纯修补、清创性肝切除、规则性肝切除、肝周填塞止血；非手术治疗20例。结果 手术组：治愈44例，术后并发症17例均经保守治疗治愈，死亡12例，其中术中死亡2例；非手术组：治愈12例，好转6例，2例失访。全组治愈64例，死亡12例，病死率15．8％。结论 Ⅰ-Ⅱ级单纯性外伤性肝破裂可保守治疗；手术是治疗创伤性肝破裂的主要措施，正确的手术方式，积极处理合并伤，重视综合治疗可提高救治成功率。     

ENDOSCOPIC PANCREATIC STENTING IN CHRONIC PANCREATITIS WITH DUCTAL DILATION PROXIMAL TO A STRICTURE: A SAFE and EFFECTIVE PROTOCOL

After removal of intraductal stones, a 10‐Fr or 7‐Fr pancreatic stent was placed in 16 patients with upstream ductal dilation proximal to a stricture of the main pancreatic duct. Stents were removed after a mean duration of 52.5 days. Nine patients underwent repeated stenting. About one year after removal of the initial stent, when the remaining upstream ductal dilation was found on follow‐up pancreatograms, the next stent was replaced. Repeated stenting improved outflow of pancreatic juice more effectively than one‐time stenting. Correlation between long‐term pain relief without recurrence of intraductal stones and reduction of duct diameter was also shown. Stent occlusion was observed in 14 of 30 stents. Stent occlusion was frequently associated with recurrence of pancreatitis and intraductal stones, and was also associated with morphologic changes in the pancreatic ductal system. Although there were no significant differences between stent patency of the initial stents and that of the next stents, stent patency of 10‐Fr stents was superior to that of 7‐Fr stents. 10‐Fr stents should be removed within 8 weeks and 7‐Fr stents should be removed within 4 weeks for the prevention of stent occlusion. Repeated stenting with short‐term stenting is therefore considered a safe and effective protocol of endoscopic pancreatic stenting.     

关木通引起慢性间质性肾炎7例报告

目的　观察关木通所致慢性肾损伤的临床和病理改变特点。方法　本组 7例中 ,男 5例 ,女 2例。 3例服关木通汤药 ,4例服含关木通成药。分析服用时间、累积总量与肾损害首发症状及症状出现时间、肾功能和肾病理改变的关系。结果　汤药组 :服药时间平均 3 3 3个月 ,累积总量平均 82 9 3 g ,首发症状为乏力 3例 ,夜尿增多 2例 ,平均时间为 8 3个月 ,Cr平均 40 2 μmol/L。肾病理 :3例均为重度寡细胞性肾间质纤维化 ,肾小管广泛萎缩。成药组 :服药时间平均 7 5个月 ,累积总量平均 13 6g ,乏力 3例 ,夜尿增多 1例 ,恶心呕吐、头痛头晕 1例 ,平均18 8个月 ,Cr 3 62 8μmol/L。肾病理为重度寡细胞性间质纤维化和灶状纤维化各 2例 ,肾小管灶状萎缩 3例 ,广泛萎缩 1例。结论　汤药组关木通积累大 ,发病时间早 ,肾病理改变重。提示关木通所致肾损其临床表现、病理改变与服用关木通时间、剂量相关。     

2 294名军人伤害住院情况分析

目的：对某区部队伤害住院患者进行流行病学特征分析，提出预防建议。方法：应用各医院上报军区统计中心的数据库资料进行分析。结果：意外损伤、军事训练伤、交通伤和烧烫伤是导致部队伤害住院的四大主要因素。伤害主要发生在18—23岁(占62．16％)之间，干部意外损伤、交通伤和锐器伤高于战士，军训伤则战士明显高于干部。结论：部队要重视和加强伤害的预防工作。     

A population-based study of repeat hospital admissions due to interpersonal violence for children aged 0–9 years

To assess the magnitude and nature of interpersonal violence resulting in hospitalisation of children and to identify subgroups at risk of repeat hospital admissions, a population-based, retrospective study of all violence hospitalisations in Western Australia for children aged 9 years or less was undertaken, using the 1990–2004 linked data retrieved from the Western Australian Mortality Database and the Hospital Morbidity Data System.
Of the 747 patients aged <10 years incurring 834 hospitalisations for the consequences of violence during the study period, 570 (76%) were less than 4 years of age. A total of 43 deaths from violence were recorded and 74 (9%) patients were admitted for more than one episode of violence. Victims aged 0–4 years from rural (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.35, 5.43) and remote parts (HR = 2.79; 95% CI 1.25, 6.25) of the state were at increased risk of a subsequent admission for violence compared with those residing within the metropolitan area. Indigenous children aged 5–9 years were significantly more likely (HR = 3.57; 95% CI 1.14, 11.13) to incur a second hospitalisation for violence than their non-Indigenous counterparts. The identification of young victim subgroups at high risk of repeat hospitalisations is important for developing intervention strategies to reduce the burden of interpersonal violence. Young children aged 0–4 years living in rural and remote locations and Indigenous children aged 5–9 years should be specifically targeted for attention.     

儿童陈旧性孟氏骨折的手术治疗

目的:通过研究火器伤所致骨折患者的治疗及预后情况,探讨如何选择合理方法对其进行及时有效的治疗。方法:对25例火器伤所致骨折患者的治疗及预后情况进行回顾性总结分析,其中男18例,女7例;平均年龄36.2岁。骨折的部位为股骨骨折9例,胫骨骨折7例,肱骨骨折2例,骨盆骨折2例,锁骨骨折1例,椎体骨折1例,尺、桡骨骨折1例,髋关节骨折1例与膝关节损伤1例。骨折类型为未移位1例,移位2例,粉碎性10例,粉碎且移位6例,骨缺损6例。19例接受了骨科手术治疗,其他6例接受了清创治疗。10例采用外固定架固定,7例行内固定,4例行管形石膏固定,2例骨盆与髋臼骨折采用牵引治疗,2例锁骨骨折应用锁骨带治疗。结果:25例患者获得了平均4.2年的随访,18例骨折Ⅰ期愈合,6例需后期手术促进骨折愈合,1例截肢。有5例需要后期手术覆盖创面。大的并发症包括2例骨不连,4例延迟愈合,3例周围神经功能受损。结论:骨折固定方法的选择与骨移植是治疗火器伤所致的骨折与骨缺损的一项很有效的方法。