Synaptic organization of dorsal root projections to lumbar motoneurons in the clawed toad (Xenopus laevis)

Summary Synaptic connexions between dorsal root primary afferents and lumbar motoneurons have been investigated in the isolated spinal cord of the clawed toad. The study of monosynaptic actions evoked in motoneurons by 9th or 10th dorsal root stimulation or by impulses in single primary afferents provided evidence for both electrical and chemical junctional transmission at the sensory-motor synapses. The anterograde filling of the 9th and 10th dorsal roots with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) shows that afferents do project to the motoneuron field of the segments IX and X. Some of the fibres not only reach the dorsally located motoneurons, but also cross the lateral motor column (LMC) and terminate in the marginal zone of ventral horn gray matter. The projections of the 9th and 10th dorsal root fibres are most numerous in the caudal part of segment X. Simultaneous HRP labeling of single motoneurons and the whole 10th dorsal root has revealed that afferent fibres make contacts not only on the distal dendrites of the motor cells, but also on the proximal ones. This latter finding is in a good agreement with the electrophysiological data.Dr. Shiriaev died September 11, 1984     

生长抑素样免疫反应物在山羊脊髓和背根节的分布─ABC法研究

用免疫细胞化学ＡＢＣ法研究了生长抑素样免疫反应物在山羊脊髓和背根节的分布。在整个脊髓背角，出现浓密的生长抑素样纤维和终末网，在板层Ⅱ和Ⅲ形成不规则的波形带。在带的深面，大量的生长抑素阳性小细胞（直径小于１５μｍ）形成细胞带，这些细胞呈卵圆形或梭形，大多是双极细胞。在背角最表层仅有稀疏的生长抑素阳性纤维。这种分布型式显著不同于以前报道的其它动物。在胸髓中间外侧核有为数不多的生长抑素阳性细胞，在脊髓的其它部位如中间带区和腹角有少量散在纤维和终末。还发现纤细的生长抑素阳性纤维和终末网出现于骶髓中央管的背外侧区域。此外，在所有背根节只见到极少数生长抑素阳性神经元；切断背根时，相应节段的脊髓背角的生长抑素样免疫反应物无明显变化。本研究结果表明，山羊脊髓背角的生长抑素主要来源于脊髓背角的固有神经元，而不是背根节细胞。出现于脊髓板层Ⅱ和Ⅲ的生长抑素阳性神经元可能属于岛细胞。本研究还提示，生长抑素可能在脊髓的感觉和内脏运动系统中起作用，还表明生长抑素免疫反应物的分布存在着种属差异。     

Selective uptake of [3H]glutamine and [3H]glutamate into neurons and satellite cells of dorsal root ganglia in vitro

The uptake of [³H]glutamate and [³H]glutamine into rat dorsal root ganglia has been examined by autoradiography and thin-layer chromatography. [³H]glutamate was selectively accumulated by satellite glial cells and after 10 min, 53% of this had been converted to [³H]glutamine. [³H]glutamine, on the other hand, entered neuronal perikarya and 40% was converted to [³H]glutamate. It is suggested that these selective uptake processes provide supporting evidence for the existence of a neuronal-glial glutamine cycle in dorsal root ganglia. Small dark (B) cells accumulated 6 times as much [³H]glutamine as did large light (A) cells. The reasons for this marked difference in the metabolism of the two main types of dorsal root ganglion neurone are discussed.     

NGF在成年猫脊髓和背根节分布的免疫组化研究

目的：探讨神经生长因子在成年猫脊髓背角和背根节的表达和意义。方法：采用抗神经生长因子多克隆抗体免疫组织化学方法,对5只雄性家猫L6节段脊髓和背根节作石蜡切片的NGF免疫组织化学染色。结果：神经生长因子免疫阳性反应主要出现在脊髓背角I,Ⅱ、Ⅲ板层外侧部的神经元胞核和胞浆中,以胞核为主,而在背根节阳性反应的神经元却寥寥无几。结论：神经生长因子可能参与脊髓神经元正常功能的维持。     

葛根黄豆苷元分散片的制备及其溶出度测定

对葛根黄豆苷元片进行工艺改进,制成分散片,以提高其溶出度,并通过探讨葛根黄豆苷元片溶出度检查方法的稳定性、均一性、重现性、回收率试验等,确立测定葛根黄豆苷元片溶出度的最佳条件。     

腰椎间盘突出症并神经根管狭窄的治疗

目的：探讨腰椎间盘突出症合并神经根管狭窄的临床诊断和手术治疗。方法：对1996-1999年间,因腰椎间盘突出症合并神经根管狭窄38例行手术治疗,术中均行神经根管探查并彻底松解受压神经根。结果：术后随访38例,优20例,良15例,一般2例,差1例,优良率92.11%。结论：神经根管扩大和神经根探查彻底减压是手术成功的关键。     

薄层扫描法测定还五溶栓胶囊中黄芪甲苷的含量

目的 :测定还五溶栓胶囊中黄芪甲苷的含量。方法 :硅胶G薄层板 ,氯仿 -甲醇 -水 (13∶6∶2 ) 10℃以下放置过夜的下层溶液展开 ,λS=5 30nm ,λR=70 0nm。结果 :线性范围 1.92～ 9.6 0 μg ,97.4 3% ,RSD =3.4 9%。 结论 :该方法可用于还五溶栓胶囊中黄芪甲苷的含量测定     

藏药蕨麻中多糖的含量测定研究

目的:测定藏药蕨麻中多糖含量,方法:采用苯酚-硫酸法测定.结果:蕨麻中多糖含量为１１.０８３%.     

Cardiac function in adolescents and young adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome without congenital heart disease

BackgroundDiagnosis and treatment of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) have led to improved life expectancy and achievement of adulthood. Limited data on long-term outcomes reported an increased risk of premature death for cardiovascular causes, even without congenital heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to assess the cardiac function in adolescents and young adults with 22q11.2DS without CHDs.MethodsA total of 32 patients (20M, 12F; mean age 26.00 ± 8.08 years) and a healthy control group underwent transthoracic echocardiography, including Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) and 2-dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (2D-STE).ResultsCompared to controls, 22q11.2DS patients showed a significant increase of the left ventricle (LV) diastolic and systolic diameters (p = 0.029 and p = 0.035 respectively), interventricular septum thickness (p = 0.005), LV mass index (p < 0.001) and aortic root size (p < 0.001). 2D-STE analysis revealed a significant reduction of LV global longitudinal strain (p < 0.001) in 22q11.2DS than controls. Moreover, several LV diastolic parameters were significantly different between groups.ConclusionsOur results suggest that an echocardiographic follow-up in 22q11.2DS patients without CHDs can help to identify subclinical impairment of the LV and evaluate a potential progression of aortic root dilation over time, improving outcomes, reducing long-term complications and allowing for a better prognosis.     

吗啡增强备用根大鼠脊髓后角组织提取液对培养鸡胚背根节的促神经突起生长的作用

用组织培养方法，探讨备用很大鼠手术侧和非手术侧脊髓后角组织提取液对鸡胚背根节（ＤＲＧ）神经突起的促生长作用，以及应用吗啡对此作用的影响。结果显示：备用根大鼠手术侧脊髓后角组织提取液作用的ＤＲＧ神经突起密度（３６．４２±４．６９），比非手术侧的（２３．９６±３．４７）明显增大。提示去初级传入纤维的脊髓后角组织具有促进ＤＲＧ神经突起生长的神经营养活性作用。应用吗啡的备用根大鼠手术侧脊髓后角组织提取液作用的ＤＲＧ神经突起密度（６４．１９±９．２４），又比备用根大鼠手术侧的大。这表明，吗啡具有进一步增强去初级传入纤维支配的脊髓后角组织提取液促进培养的ＤＲＧ神经突起生长的效应。