首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   10873篇
  免费   779篇
  国内免费   415篇
耳鼻咽喉   30篇
儿科学   39篇
妇产科学   13篇
基础医学   829篇
口腔科学   4518篇
临床医学   553篇
内科学   376篇
皮肤病学   90篇
神经病学   1237篇
特种医学   202篇
外国民族医学   1篇
外科学   759篇
综合类   1508篇
预防医学   174篇
眼科学   13篇
药学   700篇
  3篇
中国医学   964篇
肿瘤学   58篇
  2024年   20篇
  2023年   197篇
  2022年   276篇
  2021年   415篇
  2020年   381篇
  2019年   343篇
  2018年   304篇
  2017年   336篇
  2016年   355篇
  2015年   353篇
  2014年   674篇
  2013年   609篇
  2012年   635篇
  2011年   755篇
  2010年   556篇
  2009年   446篇
  2008年   526篇
  2007年   562篇
  2006年   506篇
  2005年   444篇
  2004年   380篇
  2003年   355篇
  2002年   316篇
  2001年   285篇
  2000年   221篇
  1999年   189篇
  1998年   203篇
  1997年   145篇
  1996年   139篇
  1995年   107篇
  1994年   116篇
  1993年   123篇
  1992年   99篇
  1991年   83篇
  1990年   81篇
  1989年   64篇
  1988年   65篇
  1987年   45篇
  1986年   67篇
  1985年   75篇
  1984年   47篇
  1983年   33篇
  1982年   33篇
  1981年   27篇
  1980年   35篇
  1979年   12篇
  1978年   8篇
  1977年   6篇
  1975年   4篇
  1974年   5篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
21.
目的:研究老年人根管治疗疗效及其影响因素.方法:对56例65岁以上老年人,根管治疗后2年以上的126颗牙齿进行检查,按治疗后年限分3组:2~3年组,4~5年组,6年以上组.应用根尖周指数(Periodicalindex)评定X线片和综合临床检查,对其治疗进行评价.结果:老年人根管治疗成功率为72.2%;三组间根管治疗成功率差异无显著性.恰填根管治疗的成功率(82.2%)比欠填和超填的成功率(47.2%)要高;恰填病例中,冠方修复体质量好的患牙比质量差的患牙根尖周炎发病率低(25.7%和58.4%);去除欠填和超填病例后,桩冠修复患牙的根管治疗成功率为58.8%,而未做桩冠修复的患牙成功率为87.5%.结论:根充质量、冠方修复体质量、桩冠修复是影响老年人根管治疗疗效的主要因素.  相似文献   
22.
根管治疗术远期疗效的影响因素   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5  
根管治疗术(root canal therapy,RCT)是治疗牙髓病、根尖周病的主要方法.影响根管治疗术远期疗效的因素较多,而RCT前根尖周状态和根充位置是两大主要因素.  相似文献   
23.
Abstract— NdYAG laser-induced modification of the root surface may inhibit development of external inflammatory resorption in replanted teeth. This study tested this hypothesis in vivo. The pulp chambers of six mandibular premolars in each of two dogs were accessed, inoculated with plaque, and sealed (Groups 1, 2). Two additional premolars in each dog were endodontically treated without inoculation (Groups 3, 4). After 2 weeks, teeth were hemisected and extracted. Each root had a 2times3 mm surface area denuded of cementum on the buccal and lingual surface. In Groups 1 (n= 12 roots) and 3 (n=4), the denuded surfaces were wiped with 15% EDTA, coated with black ink, and irradiated with Nd:YAG laser (0.75 W, 15 ppc, 300 pm tip, 20 s). In Groups 2 (n= 12) and 4 (n= 4), the surfaces were wiped with 15% EDTA, and rinsed with sterile saline for 20 s. Roots were replanted within 5 min. The dogs were perfwion-euthanised 10 weeks after replantation. Block specimens were removed, decalcified, embedded and horizontally sectioned (6 pm) at 180-pm intervals, resulting in 10 to 14 cross-sections of each root. From these, the middle five consecutive sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and observed by light microscopy for occurrence of surface, inflammatory and replacement resorption on the denuded surfaces. No obvious differences were noted between the laser-irradiated and non-irradiated surfaces. Inflammatory resorption was frequent in Groups 1 and 2, and absent in Groups 3 and 4. Replacement resorption was minimal in Groups 1 and 2, and frequent in Groups 3 and 4. Differences between Groups 1 and 2, and between Groups 3 and 4 were not significant, whereas the differences between the two pairs of groups were statistically significant (chi-square and two-way ANOVA, P>0.006). These results did not support the hypothesis, and questioned the clinical validity of the surface modification in NdYAG laser-irradiated den-tin. Therefore, the clinical application of NdYAG laser to the root surfaces of replanted teeth is not warranted.  相似文献   
24.
Prolongation of the action potential duration of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons by low (nM) concentrations of opioids occurs through activation of excitatory opioid receptors that are positively coupled via Gs regulatory protein to adenylate cyclase. Previous results suggested GM1 ganglioside to have an essential role in regulating this excitatory response, but not the inhibitory (APD-shortening) response to higher (μM) opioid concentrations. Furthermore, it was proposed that synthesis of GM1 is upregulated by prolonged activation of excitatory opioid receptor functions. To explore this possibility we have utilized cultures of hybrid F11 cells to carry out closely correlated electrophysiological and biochemical analyses of the effects of chronic opioid treatment on a homogeneous population of clonal cells which express many functions characteristic of DRG neurons. We show that chronic opioid exposure of F11 cells does, in fact, result in elevated levels of GM1 as well as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP), concomitant with the onset of opioid excitatory supersensitivity as manifested by naloxone-evoked decreases in voltage-dependent membrane K+ currents. Such elevation of GM1 would be expected to enhance the efficacy of excitatory opioid receptor activation of the Gs/adenylate cyclase/cyclic AMP system, thereby providing a positive feedback mechanism that may account for the remarkable supersensitivity of chronic opioid-treated neurons to the excitatory effects of opioid agonists as well as antagonists. These in vitro findings may provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndromes and opioid-induced hyperalgesia after chronic opiatf addiction in vivo. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.  相似文献   
25.
The cell body size (cross-sectional area) of S100-immunoreactive (-ir) primary neurons was measured in the trigeminal (TG) and lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG). About a half of neurons exhibited S100-immunoreactivity (-ir) in the DRG (44.0%) and TG (59.0%). DRG neurons with cell bodies >1200 μm2 mostly exhibited S100-ir (96.5%), whereas S100-ir DRG neurons <600 μm2 were rare (8.0%). 36.6% of DRG neurons in the cell size range 600–1200 μm2 showed the ir. TG neurons >800 μm2 mostly exhibited S100-ir (93.1%), whereas those <400 μm2 were devoid of it (positive cells 10.5%). 58.3% of TG cells in the range 400–800 μm2 contained S100-ir. Double-immunofluorescence method revealed the co-expression of S100 and other calcium-binding proteins. Parvalbumin-ir neurons mostly exhibited S100-ir in the DRG (97.4%) and TG (97.0%). The co-expression of S100 and calbindin D-28k was very rare in the DRG, because the DRG contained few calbindin D-28k-ir neurons. Unlike in the DRG, numerous neurons co-expressed S100- and calbindin D-28k-ir in the TG. Most calbindin D-28k-ir TG neurons were also immunoreactive for S100 (90.7%). Sub-populations of calretinin (CR)-ir neurons co-expressed S100-ir in both the DRG (68%) and TG (50.0%). Virtually all CR-ir neurons >1400 μm2 co-expressed S100-ir in the DRG (100%) and TG (95.9%). CR-ir neurons <800 μm2 were rarely exhibited S100-ir (DRG 18.0%, TG 21.9%). 71.3 and 60.5% of CR-ir neurons in the range 800–1400 μm2 co-expressed S100-ir in the DRG and TG, respectively. The present study indicates that S100 is closely correlated to the primary neuronal cell size in the DRG and TG.  相似文献   
26.
应用同种动脉治疗主动脉根部病变   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
报告5例采用同种动脉(HAV)治疗5例主动脉根部病变(主动脉瓣狭窄1例,关闭不全4例)。男3例,女2例;年龄13~47岁。病因为细菌性心内膜炎2例(包括先天主动脉瓣二瓣化畸型1例),Marfan综合征2例,风湿性主动脉瓣关闭不全1例。术中采用同种主动脉全根置换3例(Bentall手术),其中1例用HAV上的二尖瓣前叶加宽主动脉瓣环(Manouguian手术),余2例用自体肺动脉移置主动脉根部,另取同种肺动脉做原位移置(Ross手术)。结果死亡1冽,4例存活,且无并发症发生。术后超声心动图提示主动脉根部良好,无主动脉瓣反流。随访2.5~3.5年疗效满意。  相似文献   
27.
Although relatively high CO2 laser energies have been shown to sterilize root canals, the response of several bacterial strains to decreasing exposures of CO2 laser energy remains unknown. Freshly grown bacterial cells were irradiated on glass microscope coverslips. A comparison of equivalent energy exposures with differing parameters was made on the bacterial viability. No statistically significant difference was found in the energy required to kill closely related bacterial species. However, the energy density required to kill greater than 99.5% of the bacteria is less than 200 J/cm2, much less than that shown to sterilize in a previous study.  相似文献   
28.
3种桩核系统修复喇叭形根管的抗折性比较   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
目的 :比较 3种桩核系统修复喇叭形根管的牙根修复后的抗折性及其折断模式。方法 :30个完整的上颌中切牙 ,在根管治疗后 ,沿釉牙骨质界弧形顶点冠方 2mm切除牙冠 ,将根管上 1/3敞开形成喇叭形根管 ,样本随机分成 3组 :A组 ,铸造桩核金属全冠修复 ;B组 ,玻璃纤维树脂核全冠修复 ;C组 ,成品不锈钢平行螺纹桩树脂核全冠修复。样本固定于MTS810测试机上 ,与牙体长轴呈 135°加载 ,测试折断强度并观察折断模式。结果采用方差分析。结果 :铸造桩核修复抗折强度最高 [(76 3.86± 86 .38)N],其次是成品螺纹桩树脂核修复 [(6 19.91± 118.89)N],玻璃纤维树脂核组最小 [(40 5 .5 4± 111.86 )N],统计学分析差异具有显著性。结论 :铸造桩核树脂核修复后抗折强度最高 ,玻璃纤维树脂核修复最低 ,但后者折断模式最有利于重新修复 ,而前者通常无法再行修复。  相似文献   
29.
目的 探 讨极 外 型腰 椎间 盘 突出 症患 者 的临 床特 点 与神 经节 位 置的 相关 性 方 法:通过 术前 神 经根 造影 : 。确定 受压 神 经根 的背 根 神经 节的 位 置,根 据 其神 经节 的 位置 ,将 27 例极 外侧 腰 椎间 盘突 出 症患 者 分为 三 组 :椎管内 组,5 例;椎间 孔内 组 ,15 例 ;椎 间孔 外组 ,7 例 。分 别比 较神 经 节的 位置 与 临床 参数 ,如 受压 神 经根 的水 平 ,直腿 抬高 试 验的 度数 ,术 前和 术 后症 状(腿痛 ,下 腰痛 和 行走 能力 )及 体 征(感 觉 和运 动障 碍 )的 严重 程 度 及 与恢复率 之间 的 关系 。结 果:与椎 管 内和 椎间 孔 内组 相比 ,椎 间孔 外 组患 者直 腿 抬高 试验 的 度数 较低 ,下 腰 痛的 程度较轻 ,术 前的 腿痛 明 显重 ,而 行走 能 力低 于椎 管 内和 椎间 孔 组。 背根 神 经节 的位 置 与术 前的 感 觉和 运 动 障 碍以及手 术效 果 没有 明显 差 异。结论 :神 经节 的 位置 会影 响 极外 型腰 椎 间盘 突出 患 者根 性症 状 (腿痛 和 行走 能力 )的严重 程度 。  相似文献   
30.
牙根发育不良疾病的研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
牙根发育不良疾病是牙齿根部生理性发育出现障碍的疾病。其发病率为1%~10%,乳、恒牙列均可发生,其结果可导致牙根缺如或短根,严重者可造成牙齿过早脱落。国外学者将该疾病统称为短根异常疾病。其发病因素有遗传性疾病、全身性疾病、外源性因素和医源性因素等。  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号