中医男科的现状和展望

中医男科学是一门新兴的临床学科。本文在简要回顾几千年来中医学沉积的深厚底蕴对于当代男科发展的重要影响后，着重阐述近２０年来中医男科的学科建设、基础理论、临床和实验研究等方面的发展现状和成就，特别是男子不育，性功能障碍，前列腺疾病等疑难病的治疗特色和优势，已为世人所瞩目。文末指出中医男科发展中的存在问题和困难，展望了２１世纪中医男科的研究方向、任务和前景，作者预言：把握历史机遇，２１世纪将成为中医男     

RNA干扰技术及其在男科学研究中的应用

RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi),是一种在动植物中存在的通过双链RNA诱导同源特异性序列转录后基因沉默的过程。RNAi在抵抗病毒感染、抑制转座子活动、调控内源性基因表达等方面发挥着重要作用,已成为当前生物医学的研究热点之一。近年来,RNAi作为一种研究工具,已开始应用于ED、PCa及精子发生等男科学研究中,并取得了一定进展。本文就RNAi的基本原理、研究进展及其在男科学研究中的应用作一概述。     

国人男性青年性器官的调查分析

对200名男性青年性器官的调查结果表明,左右睾丸积为16.91±4.05和19.59±4.25ml。常态下阴茎长度为7.13±1.45cm;周径为7.76±0.72cm。勃起状态下长度为13.01±1.30cm,周径分11.18±1.06cm。阴茎由常态变为勃起态的变化值长度为4.58±1.34cm;周径为2.70±1.22cm。阴茎常态及勃起状态下长度、周径与身高无相关关系;常态阴茎长度、周径与其变为勃起态时的变化值之间呈明显负相关;变化值本身的长度与周径之间也呈负相关。     

Hauterscheinungen bei andrologischen Patienten/Dermatological Diseases in Andrological Patients

The paper emphasizes on the importance of a complete clinical skin inspection by all andrological patients. In a three year period (1985-1987) 4779 patients were newly seen in the department of andrology. 575 (12,03%) out of the above mentioned group showed clinical skin. Taking the clinic, localisation and age into consideration we make a detailed presentation of the various skin diseases caused by mycotic infections. The results strengthen the necessity of a complete inspection of the skin in all andrological cases. It should be not allowed exclusively to investigate the area of the external genitals.     

Empfehlungen der „Deutschen Gesellschaft für Andrologie” und der „Deutschen Gesellschaft zum Studium der Fertilität und Sterilität” für die Förderung der Andrologie” in Deutschland

Zusammenfassung Die “Deutsche Gesellschaft für Andrologie” und die “Deutsche Gesellschaft zum Studium der Fertilität und Sterilität” haben Empfehlungen ausgearbeitet, die sich mit der Entwicklung des Faches Andrologie in der Zukurift und mit einer Unterstützung der Andrologie in Deutschland auseinandersetzen. Darüber hinaus enthalten diese Empfehlungen Vorschläge für die Organisation einer Abteilung für Andrologie bzw. von Andrologie-Funktionseinheiten einschließlich eines speziellen Programms für ein Training im Fach Andrologie/klinischer und in der Grundlagenforschung. Summary Recommendations of “Deutsche Gesellschaft für Andrologie” and “Deutsche Gesellschaft zum Studium der Fertilität und Sterilität” concerning the development as well as the future and the support of andrology in Germany are made. Furthermore, these proposals contain some aspects about the organization of a Department of Andrology or Andrological Units including a special program of training in clinical andrology as well as in basic research.     

Dermatologic diseases and their effects on male sexual functions

Chronic skin diseases may result in a variety of psychological problems, including distress, demoralization, poor self esteem, sleep disturbances, social phobia, anxiety, depression and obsessive‐compulsive disorder. It is known that skin diseases may also cause sexual problems. Sexual activity remains important for most men throughout their adult lives and into old age. Impairment in their sexual experience can cause significant personal and interpersonal distress at any age. Sexual dysfunction in chronic systemic diseases has become a popular and important health concern in recent years. This subject is quite new in the specialty of dermatology. We explore the relationships between dermatologic diseases and male sexual dysfunction.     

Andrology. Origin and development of a special discipline in medicine. Reflection and view in the future

A general survey comments on the problems of andrology as a special medica discipline. A retrospective and an outlook concerning the different future possibilities of andrology is given. Special emphasis is placed on: examination of the ejaculate, morphology of the testicles, andrological training and further education; in the discussion of the future prospects special consideration is given to the responsibility of andrologists--also with respect to in-vitro-fertilization--and the significance of andrology for the inhabitants of the Third World.     

An Attempt at Creating The Structure of Andrological Science/Versuch der Strukturierung einer Wissenschaft von der Andrologie

The cognition and assessment of various spheres of behaviour and vital activity of man are possible only through a systemic approach to its study. It is necessary to point out the different levels of methodological approach to the problem of a successful development of andrology and to determine their tasks and limitations. The main sections of research of andrology must include: medico-biological, philosophic-anthropological, sociological, and psychological investigations of personality. Accordingly andrology is at a junction of the natural and social sciences, i.e. an interdisciplinary science.     

Experience with external quality control in spermatology

Results are presented from participation in an external quality control (EQC) programme for semen analysis (UK NEQAS). Formalin-fixed semen samples and videotapes of motile spermatozoa were distributed four times a year over a 3-4 year period. Over the entire period there was close agreement for sperm concentration with, initially, the average of values from the other groups participating in the scheme, and later, values designated as reference values obtained from six laboratories of several chosen that consistently agreed with each other. The initial underestimation of the percentage of normal forms was abolished at the time of change in derivation of designated values and this largely eliminated the difference to establish closer agreement with the designated values. A consistent bias in the assessment of different categories of progressive sperm motility appeared to be resolved by a conscious decision to consider most spermatozoa as grade b and the exceptions as grade a, rather than the converse. Feedback of results to the technicians of the laboratory participating in an external quality control programme leads to reappraisal of subjective evaluation and to harmonization of results between laboratories.