雨生红球藻fachb-712快速繁殖生长的适宜条件

目的 探讨雨生红球藻fachb-712快速繁殖生长的适宜条件.方法 利用分光光度法和显微镜计数法绘制光密度与细胞密度的关系曲线,从不同的pH值、光照强度、接种密度、温度等培养条件入手,对影响雨生红球藻生长的各种主要培养条件进行初步研究.结果 雨生红球藻生长的适宜培养条件为:pH 8.0;光照强度1 klx下连续培养24h;温度24 ℃;接种量1.95×105mL-1.结论 雨生红球藻细胞密度与培养物光密度值满足线性关系,pH 8.0、光照强度1 klx下连续培养24h、温度24 ℃、接种量1.95×105mL-1的培养条件适宜雨生红球藻快速繁殖生长.     

红外光谱-人工神经元网络法测定海藻培养过程中的碳酸盐浓度

用傅里叶变换红外光谱法测定海藻培养液中碳酸盐浓度时，由于pH对碳酸盐特征吸收峰影响严重，本文用人工神经元网络处理红外光谱，用该方法计算得到：对标准样品的预测标准误差为NaHCO3 0．08g／L，pH值为0．12，优于偏最小二乘法的结果。用该方法对实际螺旋藻培养过程中的碳源浓度进行了测定，预测标准误差为0．65g／L。     

螺旋藻拮抗环磷酰胺致小鼠微核突变作用的研究

采用微核试验方法对螺旋藻拮抗环磷酰胺致小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核作用进行研究。结果表明 :螺旋藻剂量为 1.5g/kg、3g/kg时对环磷酰胺所致小鼠微核增加有显著拮抗作用。提示 :螺旋藻具抗突变作用。     

Extraction and Purification of a Phycocolloid from Chaetomorpha aerea

Phycocolloids are gelling polysaccharides extracted from algae that have found applications as microbiological culture media, food thickener, and cosmetic rheological modifiers. The extensive use of algae species that have not yet been domesticated has led to overexploitation or supply shortages. Thus, extending the library of phycocolloids would permit to support the industrial changes toward renewable polymer feedstocks but if the source of algae is limited to wild algae species, this may raise issue on the scalability and hinder the creation of a reliable supply chain. In this study, a new phycocolloid extracted from Chaetomorpha aerea, a green seaweed that can be cultivated in open ponds, is identified. Through elucidation of its chemical structure, a gelation mechanism for an extracted sulfated polysaccharide fraction that form stable, transparent hydrogels that can be used for microbiological culture, is proposed     

Preliminary isolation and in vitro antiyeast activity of active fraction from crude extract of Gracilaria changii

Objective:

To isolate the active fraction from crude extract of Gracilaria changii and to determine its in vitro antifungal activity.

Materials and Methods:

The active fraction was isolated from the crude extract of G. changii by various purification procedures such as column chromatography, thin layer chromatography, bioauthograph etc. The in vitro antifungal activity (Candida albicans) of the active fraction (1.00, 0.50, and 0.25 mg/ml) was studied by disc diffusion method and the effect of the active fraction on the morphology of yeast was done by scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies.

Results:

An active fraction with remarkable antifungal activity was separated from the crude extract. The active fraction was effective as a fungicide against C. albicans and showed a dose-dependent antifungal activity. A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) study confirmed the fungicidal effect of G. changii active fraction on C. albicans, by changing the normal morphology of C. albicans.

Conclusion:

From G. changii crude extract, an active fraction with remarkable in vitro antifungal activity has been isolated.     

褐藻中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯构效关系研究进展

褐藻是海洋生物活性物质的重要来源,岩藻聚糖硫酸酯(fucoidan)作为一种主要分布于褐藻细胞壁基质中的水溶性硫酸化杂多糖,已被证明具有抗氧化、抗凝血、抗炎症、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、免疫调节、降血糖等生物活性,但褐藻中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯结构复杂多样,呈现出生理活性的多样性。天然岩藻聚糖硫酸酯相对分子质量大、结构复杂,对多样化的结构解析和构效关系研究缺乏系统性,以至于岩藻聚糖硫酸酯研究进展缓慢、国际认可程度较低,推广与应用受到制约。因此通过整合现有研究成果,推断岩藻聚糖硫酸酯功能性结构,并对其展开系统性的研究与调查,是岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的药用开发进程中不可或缺的关键步骤。基于以上考虑,该文通过CNKI,Pubmed,Science Direct等数据库对国内外有关褐藻岩藻聚糖硫酸酯结构研究现状、解析方法、结构修饰以及构效关系研究进行整理,并对岩藻聚糖硫酸酯构效关系深入研究进行展望,以期为岩藻聚糖硫酸酯结构功能作用研究、活性作用机制阐明、医药及保健产品开发提供参考。     

海洋生物酸性多糖的抗银屑病作用及对免疫功能的影响

利用鼠阴道上皮模型及鼠尾鳞片表皮模型研究了酸性多糖类海洋药物ＨＡＩ－０９１３抗银屑病的作用，并进一步研究了对机体细胞免疫功能的影响。结果表明，ＨＡＩ－０９１３２５、５０、１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１可明显抑制雌激素期小鼠和大鼠阴道上皮细胞有丝分裂指数（Ｐ＜０．０１），显著提高小鼠尾鳞片颗粒层形成数（Ｐ＜０．０５），与阳性对照药氨甲喋呤（１ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１，ｉｐ）比较均无显著性差异。ＨＡＩ－０９１３２５、５０、１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１还可显著提高小鼠脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖活性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果提示ＨＡＩ－０９１３可能具有抑制银屑病患者表皮细胞增生，提高颗粒层形成及改善患者免疫功能低下状态的作用。     

Evaluation of Toxicity of Crude Phlorotannins and Phloroglucinol Using Different Model Organisms

Phlorotannins have been proven to contain numerous bioactive compounds that have potential to be applied in variety industries, including cosmetics, functional foods, nutraceuticals, environmental management, and medicine. The larvicidal and growth-inhibiting properties of phlorotannins have been extensively studied in various organisms. However, the toxicity of the phloroglucinol oligomer of phlorotannin is unclear, especially in Artemia salina, Daphnia magna, Lactuca sativa, and Chlorella vulgaris, which are commonly used in many bioassays. Therefore, research using these four organisms should be designed to provide basic information about the toxic effects of phlorotannins and phloroglucinol. This study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal and inhibitory properties of phlorotannins and phloroglucinol on A. salina, D. magna, L. sativa, and C. vulgaris. Phlorotannin extract and phloroglucinol were administered at various concentrations to each test organism. The survival rate of A. salina nauplii and D. magna neonates was observed every 24 h to 72 h, whereas the L. sativa seed germination and inhibition rate of C. vulgaris were observed up to 96 h. The results showed that the 24 h LC50 of phlorotannin on A. salina and D. magna were 10.67 and 1.32 mg/mL, respectively. The germination inhibition of L. sativa was 53.3% with a seed growth of less than 4 mm after 96 h upon exposure to 1 mg/mL of phlorotannin. Freshwater and seawater C. vulgaris experienced yield inhibition of 39.47 and 43.46%, respectively, when 2 mg/mL of phlorotanin was added. These results indicate that phlorotannin affects the survival and growth of the test organisms, so its use as a pesticide, herbicide, and algaecide agent for environmental and aquaculture applications can be further studied.     

LC–MS profiling-based non-targeted secondary metabolite screening for deciphering cosmeceutical potential of Malaysian algae

Background

Application of natural resources from the marine environment in the cosmeceutical industry is gaining great attention.

Aim

This study pursues to discover the cosmeceutical potential of two Malaysian algae, Sargassum sp. and Kappaphycus sp. by determining their antioxidant capacity and assessing the presence of their secondary metabolites with cosmeceutical potential using non-targeted metabolite profiling.

Methods

Metabolite profiling using Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (Q-TOF) liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) in the Electrospray Ionization (ESI) mode resulted in 110 putative metabolites in Sargassum sp. and 47 putative metabolites in Kappaphycus sp. and were grouped according to their functions. To the best of our knowledge, the bioactive compounds of both algae have not been studied in any great detail. This is the first report to explore their cosmeceutical potential.

Results

Six antioxidants were detected in Sargassum sp., including fucoxanthin, (3S, 4R, 3'R)-4-Hydroxyalloxanthin, enzacamene N-stearoyl valine, 2-hydroxy-hexadecanoic acid, and metalloporphyrins. Meanwhile, three antioxidants detected in Kappahycus sp., namely Tanacetol A, 2-fluoro palmitic acid and idebenone metabolites. Three antioxidants are found in both algae species, namely, 3-tert-Butyl-5-methylcatechol, (−)-isoamijiol, and (6S)-dehydrovomifoliol. Anti-inflammatory metabolites such as 5(R)-HETE, protoverine, phytosphingosine, 4,5-Leukotriene-A4, and 5Z-octadecenoic acid were also found in both species. Sargassum sp. possesses higher antioxidant capacity as compared to Kappahycus sp. which may be linked to its number of antioxidant compounds found through LC–MS.

Conclusions

Hence, our results conclude that Malaysian Sargassum sp. and Kappaphycus sp. are potential natural cosmeceutical ingredients as we aim to produce algae cosmeceutical products using native algae.