Dermatitis from hexavalent chromate in the accelerator of an epoxy sealant (PR1422) used in the aircraft industry

4 aircraft construction workers developed allergic contact dermatitis of the hands and forearms. The allergen was hexavalent chromate in the accelerating solution of an epoxy-based sealant (PR1422). Although chromate dermatitis from an epoxy resin has been described, epoxy system accelerators are a hitherto unrecognized source of occupational chromate dermatitis.     

Interactions of halogenated industrial chemicals with transthyretin and effects on thyroid hormone levels in vivo

Previous results in experimental systems have suggested that hydroxylated PCBs may decrease thyroid hormone levels through associative interaction with transthyretin. In the present paper it was investigated whether this property was also shared by various industrial chemicals, mainly pesticides. In total, 65 compounds from 12 chemical groups were analyzed for direct interference with the T4 binding site of transthyretin using a competitive binding assay. Sixty per cent of the compounds were competitive at a concentration level of 100 M. Relatively strong interactions were observed by several chlorophenols, chlorophenoxy acids and nitrophenols, as well as by individual compounds such as hexachlorobenzene, dicofol, bromoxynil and tetrachlorohydroquinone. Examples from these chemical groups, e.g. pentachlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid, dinoseb and bromoxynil, also reduced plasma TT4 levels in rats. In addition, bromoxynil decreased plasma TT3 levels. The results suggest the existence of a number of halogenated industrial chemicals with a potential for lowering plasma thyroid hormone levels through interference with hormone transport carriers.     

乙肝疫苗治疗乙型肝炎病毒携带者疗效观察

目的：探讨治疗性乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗对乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）携带者免疫调节作用。方法：将78例乙肝病毒携带者随机分成乙肝疫苗治疗组（A组）40例和对照组（B组）38例。A组用乙肝疫苗加猪苓多糖注射液，乙肝疫苗5ug／次，每周两次皮下注射，连续6周，猪苓多糖注射液40rag／日，一次肌注，连续20天后停一周再肌注，20天为一个疗程。B组单独应用猪苓多糖注射液，方法同上。结果：疗程结束后15天进行血清病原学测定，A组治疗其HBeAg和HBV-DNA阴转率明显高于B组。结论：乙肝疫苗治疗有病毒持续复制的乙肝病毒携带者是可行的。     

菌影作为新型疫苗递送载体的研究进展

尽管基于重组蛋白或DNA的新型疫苗的开发以指数级上升,但是其免疫原性常弱于传统疫苗,缺少有效的递送系统是其应用的主要限制因素,因此迫切需要开发新型改良的递送系统和佐剂.菌影(bacterial ghost,BG)系统正是这类载体系统,它能将结合的抗原靶向APC,并具有佐剂活性.BG是一种无生命的革兰阴性菌包膜,无胞质内容物,但保留了细胞形态和天然表面抗原结构.由于BG具有颗粒特性并包含许多已知的免疫刺激成分,因此BG能增强抗其传递的靶抗原的免疫应答.作为一种新型的疫苗递送载体,菌影将被用于人用和兽用疫苗的生产.     

Opioid-based micro and nanoparticulate formulations: alternative approach on pain management

Context Opioids have been used as the reference treatment on chronic pain. However, they are related to serious adverse effects which affect the patient compliance to treatment, as well as, his quality of life. Particulate formulations have been investigated as an alternative to improve opioid efficacy and safety. Objective Summarise the available studies concerning micro and nanoencapsulated opioid formulations discussing their biopharmaceutical characteristics, such as composition, size, in vitro release, pharmacokinetic and antinociceptive profile. Methods Papers available in 1995–2015 at Medline, Science Direct and Web of Science databases were collected and assessed. Searches were performed using varied combinations of the keywords of this work. Results Opioid-loaded particles showed prolonged drug release with maintenance of serum therapeutic concentrations and extended analgesia when compared with the free drugs. The side effects incidences were reduced or maintained the same. Conclusion Particulate formulations can significantly increase both potency and safety profiles of opioids.     

Constructing Heterogeneous Photocatalysts Based on Carbon Nitride Nanosheets and Graphene Quantum Dots for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

Although graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CNs) with atomic thickness are considered as promising materials for hydrogen production, the wide band gap (3.06 eV) and rapid recombination of the photogenerated electron–hole pairs impede their applications. To address the above challenges, we synergized atomically thin CNs and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), which were fabricated as 2D/0D Van der Waals heterojunctions, for H₂ generation in this study. The experimental characterizations indicated that the addition of GQDs to the π-conjugated system of CNs can expand the visible light absorption band. Additionally, the surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPV) confirmed that introducing GQDs into CNs can facilitate the transport of photoinduced carriers in the melon chain, thus suppressing the recombination of charge carriers in body. As a result, the H₂ production activity of the Van der Waals heterojunctions was 9.62 times higher than CNs. This study provides an effective strategy for designing metal-free Van der Waals hetero-structured photocatalysts with high photocatalytic activity.     

Study on Remote Field Eddy Current Testing Technology for Crack-like Defects in Long Truss Structure of Aircraft

Detection of hidden defects of aircraft long truss structures (aluminum alloy) is a challenging problem. The shape of the aircraft truss structure is complex, and the crack defects are buried in a large depth. Without the restriction of skin effect, remote field eddy current (RFEC) has great advantages in detecting buried depth defects. In this paper, in order to detect the hidden defects of the aluminum alloy aircraft long truss structure, the remote field eddy current probe is improved from two aspects of magnetic field enhancement and near-field signal suppression using the finite element method. The results show that indirect coupling energy is greatly enhanced when the connected magnetic circuit is added to the excitation coil. By adding a composite shielding structure outside the excitation coil and the detection coil, respectively, the direct coupling energy is effectively restrained. As a result, the size of the probe is reduced. By optimizing the coil spacing and probe placement position, the detection sensitivity of the probe is improved. The simulation is verified by experiments, and the experimental results are consistent with the simulation conclusions.     

西罗莫司纳米脂质载体固化制剂的制备

采用冷冻干燥法以微晶纤维素Avicel PH-101与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)K30的混合物(4:1,w,%)为吸附性粉末固化西罗莫司纳米脂质载体分散液,并以再分散时间、平均粒径及分布、流动性和泄漏率等为指标,采用单因素试验优化固化处方。结果表明,3批按优化方法制备的西罗莫司纳米脂质载体固化制剂的休止角为(42.65±0.80)。,振实密度为(0.79±0.03)g/m1,且含量均匀度良好,再分散时间为(10.0±0.4)min,再分散液粒径(132.7+2.6)nm,分布系数0.297±0.01,ξ电位(-12.8±1.05)mV,冻干前后的泄漏率为(10.80±0.41)%。     

旅客运输机与直升机座舱中人体全身振动环境的调查及其卫生标准的探讨

目的为了解我国旅客运输机与直升机座舱中空勤人员和旅客的全身振动环境，为制订民航行业卫生标准提供依据。方法对国内主要的五种旅客运输机型（B－747、B－767、MD－82、A－300和Y－7）和两种直升机型（米－8和贝尔－212）座舱振动进行了调查。结果旅客运输机座舱中空勤人员和旅客人体全身振动加速度awz为0．16－0．29m／s2，awx，y为0．22—0．84m／s2；直升机座舱中空勤人员和旅客人体全身振动加速度awz为0．45－2．00m／s2．awx，y为0．56－2．82m／s2，人体受到全身振动在各机型均是驾驶舱高于客舱，并随机型而异。结论在现场调研的基础上，参考国内外工作环境人体振动的容许标准，建议我国民航人体振动的行业标准：旅客运输机为awz＜0．32m／s2，awx,y＜0．22m／s2，直升机为awz＜0．53m／s2,awx,y＜0．36m／s2。     

旅客运输机座舱卫生学现况调查

为了解旅客运输机座舱卫生学现状和制定其卫生标准提供科学依据，１９９４年对国内主要的６种旅客运输机型的驾驶舱和客舱的前、中、后位开展了座舱卫生学调查。结果表明，平均温度２２．９℃，湿度０．８６ｋＰａ、风速０．１３ｍ／ｓ、ＣＯ浓度１．８０ｍｇ／ｍ＾３、ＣＯ２浓度０．１５ｋＰａ、空气细菌总数１４３５ｃｆｕ／ｍ＾３、舱内照明２２１ｌｘ、压力８５．０ｋＰａ、噪声７８．３ｄＢ（Ａ），基本能满足人体健康、保证空