64排动态CT脑灌注成像在脑梗死缺血半暗带中的临床应用

目的应用64排动态CT脑灌注成像技术探讨脑梗死缺血半暗带情况。方法观察测量43例存在缺血半暗带脑梗死患者的梗死核心区、缺血半暗带区及其镜像对侧各灌注参数值。结果 43例缺血半暗带区表现为平均通过时间(MTT)、达峰时间(TTP)均延长,脑血流量(CBF)下降,而脑血容量(CBV)表现为轻度升高、正常或轻度降低。缺血半暗带区与梗死核心区比较,CBV、CBF、MTT及TTP值差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。缺血半暗带与健侧对应区比较,CBF、MTT、TTP值差异有统计学意义,CBV差异无统计学意义。结论应用64排动态CT脑灌注成像,对脑梗死患者可明确病变部位、范围以及有无缺血半暗带的存在。     

C臂机下经皮肾镜治疗上尿路结石63例

目的:探讨C臂引导下经皮肾镜取石术(PCNL)处理上尿路结石的安全性和疗效。方法:对63例接受C臂引导行PCNL的患者进行回顾分析及总结。结果:经皮肾通道成功建立62例(98.41％)，均建立F16-18经皮肾通道并成功碎石，其中单通道56例，双通道5例，三通道1例；47例行Ⅰ期取石，15例行Ⅱ、Ⅲ期取石；结石取净率为...     

A Multi-Method Approach to Assess the Self-Interaction Behavior of Infliximab

Attractive self-interaction processes in antibody formulations increase the risk of aggregation and extraordinarily elevated viscosity at high protein concentrations. These challenges affect manufacturing and application. This study aimed to understand the self-interaction process of Infliximab as a model system with pronounced attractive self-interaction. The association mechanism was studied by a multi-method approach comprising analytical ultracentrifugation, dynamic light scattering, small angle X-ray scattering, self-interaction bio-layer interferometry and hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry. Based on our results, both Fab and Fc regions of Infliximab are involved in self-interaction. We hypothesize a mechanism based on electrostatic interactions of polar and charged residues within the identified areas of the heavy and the light chain of the mAb. The combination of fast and reliable screening methods and low throughput but high resolution methods can contribute to detailed characterization and deeper understanding of specific self-interaction processes.     

小儿胃食管返流的X线诊断价值

目的　评价小儿胃食管返流的X线诊断价值。方法　回顾30例小儿胃食管返流的X线表现,并与其它诊断小儿胃食管返流的方法进行比较。结果　造影剂返流入食管下段4例,中段19例,上段7例,合并返流性食管炎8例,合并肺部吸入性肺炎3例,食管气管瘘1例,早期食管裂孔疝1例,幽门痉挛2例。结论　应用X线造影检查是诊断小儿胃食管返流的最主要手段,并在指导临床治疗方面具有重要的应用价值。     

中药材川芎的X射线衍射Fourier谱鉴定

目的:建立中药材川芎鉴定的新分析方法。方法:采用粉末X射线衍射Fourier谱鉴定法。结果:通过对1个川芎药材对照品、1个川芎药材标本和3个川芎中药材样品进行X衍射实验、分析、获得了川芎的标准X射线衍射Foureir图谱及特征标记峰值。结论:表明X射线衍射Fourier谱鉴定法可用于中药材川芎的鉴定。     

Ultrastructure and X-ray microanalysis of siderosome

Summary Comparative ultrastructural examination and energy-dispersive electron probe X-ray microanalysis were performed on a long standing skin lesion of hemosiderotic histiocytoma. Iron-containing fine particles present in siderosome were the main element of interest. Qualitative study of spectra over the siderosomes clearly demonstrated the characteristic X-ray energy emitted by iron, whereas spectra obtained from adjacent cytoplasm revealed minimal iron peak. On quantitative evaluation of the spectra yielded from various siderosomes, iron counts intensity was found to be proportionally increased with increment in amount and electron opacity of the siderosomal inclusion. Accounts on chemical nature of the siderosomal inclusion and on the presence of lipid residue in cytoplasm were noted.Supported in part by research funds from the Japanese Dermatological Association and the Japanese Ministry of Education.     

Three-dimensional X-ray absorptiometry (3D-XA): a method for reconstruction of human bones using a dual X-ray absorptiometry device

Three-dimensional accurate evaluation of the geometry of the proximal femur may be helpful for hip fracture risk evaluation. The purpose of this study was to apply and validate a stereo-radiographic 3D reconstruction method of the proximal femur, using contours identification from biplanar DXA images. Twenty-five excised human proximal femurs were investigated using a standard DXA unit. Three-dimensional personalized models were reconstructed using a dedicated non-stereo corresponding contours (NSCC) algorithm. Three-dimensional CT-scan reconstructions obtained on a clinical CT-scan unit were defined as geometric references for the comparison protocol, in order to assess accuracy and reproducibility of the 3D stereo-radiographic reconstructions. The precision of a set of 3D geometric parameters (femoral-neck axis length, mid-neck cross-section area, neck-shaft angle), obtained from stereo-radiographic models was also evaluated. This study shows that the NSCC method may be applied to obtain 3D reconstruction from biplanar DXA acquisitions. Applied to the proximal femur, this method showed good accuracy as compared with high-resolution personalized CT-scan models (mean error = 0.8 mm). Moreover, precision study for the set of 3D parameters yielded coefficients of variation lower than 5%. This is the first study providing 3D geometric parameters from standard 2D DXA images using the NSCC method. It has good accuracy and reproducibility in the present study on cadaveric femurs. In vivo prospective studies are needed to evaluate its discriminating potential on hip fracture risk prediction.S Kolta and A Le Bras participated equally to this study     

具有解剖基下颌的人头模型撞击损伤的有限元研究

目的 建立具有解剖基下颌的人体头部有限元模型。探讨此模型以不同速度正面撞击的响应过程,研究其损伤的生物力学机理。方法 根据人体下颌骨的螺旋CT扫描图像,利用三维重建、图像处理和网格划分技术,建立人体下颌骨的三维有限元模型,通过关节和经过修改的混合Ⅲ型假人头部模型相连接,建立活体下颌骨与混合Ⅲ型假人头结合的人体头部有限元模型。对下颌骨进行初步边界约束,模拟计算此模型以3．6m/s和10m/s速度撞击正前方刚体。结果 下颌骨以3．6m/s速度撞击正前方刚体,下颌骨会以颞下颌关节为轴向后轻微滑动,因而应力上升过程中有一回落,此处为滑动力。应力沿下颌骨外斜线向升支和颞下颌关节传递,髁突及髁突颈部应力有明显集中;下颌骨以10m/s速度撞击时,滑动力不明显,于第4～5ms时应力回弹、反射明显导致应力叠加。活体下颌骨与混合Ⅲ型假人头结合,可对下颌骨进行边界约束。在喙突(颞肌)边界约束条件下,喙突应力亦有一定改变。结论 (1)髁突及髁突颈部相对于下颌骨体其骨结构的横截面积陡然减小,骨结构的横截面积陡然减小的区域出现应力集中;(2)撞击过程中下颌骨以髁突为轴向后轻微滑动,造成此处较强的应力有集中;(3)应力回弹、反射导致应力叠加,这是下颌骨撞击损伤的生物力学机制之一。与临床下颌骨正面撞击所造成的骨折部位完全吻合。     

数字化X线拍片机GE Revolution XQ／i常见故障维修

文中对数字化X线拍片机常见故障的排除进行了总结，旨在为使设备正常工作而节省宝贵的时间。     

脑囊虫病ELISA试验、CT及MRI对比研究

目的:研究ELISA囊虫试验、脑CT及MRI对脑囊虫病的诊断价值。方法:采用回顾性研究,主要对比分析临床确诊的42例脑囊虫病患者的血清及脑脊液ELISA囊虫试验、脑CT及MRI结果。结果:ELISA脑囊虫试验血清抗原、抗体检测阳性率均为54%,脑脊液抗原阳性率为60%,抗体阳性率为15%,抗体假阴性率为85%;血清及脑脊液囊虫抗原阳性一致者46%,抗体阳性一致者35%。42例脑CT/MR检查中,40%患者病灶呈局灶性分布,60%患者病灶呈弥漫性分布;大部分(93%)患者脑CT/MR显示活的囊尾蚴病灶与死的囊尾蚴病灶并存。脑CT及MR两者均进行扫描的患者11例,其中2例CT表现为弥漫性脑水肿,其余病例CT及MR病灶部位基本一致,但MR显示的病灶数目明显多于CT。结论:目前对脑囊虫病的诊断必须依赖综合性措施。