稳心颗粒治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效与安全性评价

目的:评价稳心颗粒治疗充血性心力衰竭(CHF)的安全性和有效性。方法:用计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国科技期刊全文数据库,纳入稳心颗粒治疗CHF的随机对照试验(RCT)文献,手工检索其他相关文献,对纳入研究进行方法学质量评价,并采用RevMan5.0.0软件对其进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入8个RCT。Meta分析结果显示,对CHF和CHF并室性心律失常(VA)患者的心功能改善的显效率和有效率,试验组均优于对照组,但差异无统计学意义。对CHF并VA患者的VA改善的显效率、短阵室速(NSVT)、室性早搏(PVBs)和左室射血分数(LVEF)的变化,试验组均优于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。另外,对CHF并阵发性房颤(PAF)患者的心功能改善的有效率,试验组也显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:稳心颗粒辅助治疗CHF,更能增加患者心功能改善的显效率、有效率,增加对其各种并发症的治疗效果,并减少不良反应。     

阻癌胃泰对大鼠胃癌前病变TGF-αmRNA含量的影响

目的探讨阻癌胃泰对大鼠胃癌前病变转化生长因子α(TGF-α)表达水平的影响。方法使用MNNG制作大鼠胃癌前病变模型再用阻癌胃泰对其进行治疗。采用反转录PCR(RT-PCR)技术对各组大鼠的TGF-αmRNA的含量进行测定。结果对照组TGF-αmRNA的RI指数升高,经药物治疗后RI指数下降。结论阻癌胃泰能有效逆转大鼠胃癌前病变。     

HPLC法测定消炎利胆冲剂中大黄酸、大黄素的含量

目的：采用高效液相色谱法测定消炎利胆冲剂中大黄酸、大黄素的含量。方法：以甲醇-0．2％冰醋酸溶液（80：20）作为流动相,色谱柱为AgilentZORBAXSB-C18（4．6mm×250mm,5μm）,流速为1．0mL／min,柱温为28℃,检测波长为254nm。结果：大黄酸、大黄素的线性范围分别为：0．054～180μg／mL、0．0612-204μg／mL。结论：本方法灵敏度高、选择性好、操作简便,可用于消炎利胆冲剂的质量控制。     

通腑颗粒质量标准研究

目的建立通腑颗粒的质量标准。方法采用薄层色谱法对方中的大黄、枳实、厚朴进行定性鉴别,用高效液相色谱法对芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚进行含量测定。结果薄层色谱斑点清晰,分离度良好,阴性对照无干扰。芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚分别在0.038～0.610、0.048～0.780、0.068～1.076、0.056～0.904、0.022～0.336μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率依次为96.01%、94.67%、100.94%、90.06%、92.37%,RSD分别为1.90%、2.77%、2.18%、1.88%、2.84%。结论定性定量方法简便、结果准确可靠,所建立的标准可用于通腑颗粒的质量控制。     

理血颗粒对血液流变性和血小板聚集的影响

目的观察中药制剂理血颗粒的凉血通络、活血化瘀功效。方法取家兔随机分成空白对照组、理血颗粒高低剂量组和尿激酶组,用药前后分别测量各组的血液流变学指标;取大鼠随机分成空白对照组、理血颗粒高低剂量和尿激酶组,用药前后测凝血时间(CT)。结果理血颗粒能显著降低家兔血浆比黏度和血浆中纤维蛋白原水平,口服给药后能明显延长大鼠凝血时间(CT)。结论理血颗粒具有活血化瘀的作用,并有抗凝作用。     

Modulation of calcium entry and glutamate release in cultured cerebellar granule cells by palytoxin

A channel open on the membrane can be formed by palytoxin (PTX). Ten nanomolar PTX caused an irreversible increase in the cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)), which was abolished in the absence of external calcium. The increase was eliminated by saxitoxin (STX) and nifedipine (NIF). Calcium rise is secondary to the membrane depolarization. PTX effect on calcium was dependent on extracellular Na(+). Li(+) decreased the PTX-evoked rise in [Ca(2+)](c); replacement of Na(+) by N-methyl-D-glucamine (NMDG) abolished PTX-induced calcium increase. [Ca(2+)](c) increase by PTX was strongly reduced after inhibition of the reverse operation of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, in the presence of antagonists of excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors, and by inhibition of neurotransmitter release. PTX did not modify calcium extrusion by the plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase (PMCA), because blockade of the calcium pump increased rather than decreased the PTX-induced calcium influx. Extracellular levels of glutamate and aspartate were measured by HPLC and exocytotic neurotransmitter release by determination of synaptic vesicle exocytosis using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM). PTX caused a concentration-dependent increase in EAA release to the culture medium. Ten nanomolar PTX decreased cell viability by 30% within 5 min. PTX-induced calcium influx involves three pathways: Na(+)-dependent activation of voltage-dependent sodium channels (VDSC) and voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCC), reverse operation of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, and indirect activation of EAA receptors through glutamate release. The neuronal injury produced by the toxin could be partially mediated by the PTX-induced overactivation of EAA receptors, VDSC, VDCC and the glutamate efflux into the extracellular space.     

养心颗粒对药物诱发的快速型心律失常模型心肌ATP敏感性钾通道影响的研究

目的:通过观察养心颗粒对实验性快速型心律失常动物模型心电图以及ATP敏感性钾通道的影响,探讨其防治心律失常的确切作用机制,为今后临床应用提供客观依据。方法:将高脂饮食喂养8周后的28只家兔随机分为模型对照组、养心颗粒防治组、养心颗粒治疗组、胺碘酮对照组,每组各7只,另取7只家兔做为空白对照组,于末次灌胃1h后静脉注射肾上腺素。常规观察Ⅱ导联心电图心律失常出现的时间、持续时间;RT-PCR法测定心肌ATP敏感性钾通道的表达情况。结果:1)心电图显示:养心颗粒能延缓家兔快速型心律失常模型的出现时间,减少持续时间,且养心颗粒防治组与养心颗粒治疗组、模型对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),与胺碘酮组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2)RT-PCR检测显示:养心颗粒治疗组、养心颗粒防治组和胺碘酮组与模型对照组比较,KATP mRNA/β-actin mRNA比值显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),尤以养心颗粒防治组和胺碘酮组疗效为佳。结论:养心颗粒能够明显延缓高脂饮食并肾上腺素诱发家兔实验性心律失常出现的时间、缩短其恢复时间并可下调ATP敏感性钾通道KATP mRNA的表达,起到防治快速型心律失常的作用。     

超微粉碎技术对圣愈颗粒溶出速率的影响

目的:比较圣愈超微粉颗粒与普通粉颗粒的溶出速率。方法:将圣愈汤中部分药材进行超微粉碎和普通粉碎后,分别与其它药材所得浸膏混合制为颗粒,使用药物溶出仪测定两种颗粒的溶出速率,并按威布尔分布模型进行数据处理。结果:用超微粉和普通粉药材粉末制成的圣愈颗粒的溶出速率参数T50和Td分别为49.29min、110.57min和125.52min、268.66min。结论:超微粉颗粒溶出速率明显快于普通粉颗粒。     

Case report: actinomycosis of the appendix--an unusual cause of acute appendicitis in children

Abdominal actinomycosis in children is a rare disease, which is occasionally found on histologic examination after an operation for acute appendicitis. Because of its nonspecific clinical and radiological signs and symptoms and low prevalence, the diagnosis is hardly ever made before the patient undergoes an operation and tissue is available for pathologic evaluation. When the diagnosis is made, the patient should be treated with the appropriate long-term antibiotics. With antibiotic therapy, the prognosis is favorable.We describe a 13-year-old girl who presented with acute appendicitis and was found to have abdominal actinomycosis after undergoing open appendectomy, which was treated successfully with penicillin and piperacillin-tazobactam.     

稳心颗粒治疗更年期心律失常疗效观察

目的:探讨步长稳心颗粒治疗更年期心律失常的临床疗效。方法:给32例确诊为心律失常患者,口服稳心颗粒9g/次,每日3次,疗程1～4个月,检查和检测治疗前后心电图,Holter,血、尿常规,肝、肾功能。结果:观察表明患者临床症状改善总有效率90.30%,心电图改善总有效率91.10%,Holter改善总有效率91.00%。结论:稳心颗粒具有增加心脏的泵血功能,能有效改善微循环血流量,镇惊安神,促进睡眠,从而起到抗更年期心律失常的疗效。