Inherent Abnormalities of Fat Cells from Massively Obese Individuals

In vitro investigations into adipose cell dynamics have revealed intrinsic characteristics of massively obese individuals' cells that could contribute to a relatively intractable expanded fat mass. Morbidly corpulent peoples' preadipocytes replicate to a greater degree than those from lean individuals. Coupled with exaggerated differentiation this enhanced growth would result in a greater number of fat cells which would increase adipose tissue mass. The relative resistance to de-differentiation that adipocytes from the massively obese demonstrate would contribute to stability of an increased number of adipocytes further exacerbating the problem. The increased message of an energy sensing protein, the obese gene product, suggests that the morbidly obese are insensitive to its action. Together these attributes provide a strong argument for a significant genetic role in the pathogenesis of obesity.     

Protooncogenes and growth factors associated with normal and abnormal liver growth

Hepatocyte replication during liver regeneration depends on extrinsic (circulating) and intrinsic (intrahepatic) factors. Two important growth factors produced in the regenerating liver are discussed, TGF, an autocrine, stimulatory growth factor, and TGF, a paracrine inhibitory factor. The balance between the activities of these factors is likely to play an important role in regulating hepatocyte proliferation. The experession of some protooncogenes occurs sequentially during the first few hours after partial hepatectomy and is a marker for the entry of hepatocytes into the cell cycle (proliferative competence). As hepatocytes become competent to proliferate, they respond to TGF and other growth factors and enter a proliferative phase. It is possible that TGF1 serves as a stop signal for liver regeneration but the mechanisms by which TGF inhibits hepatocyte DNA synthesis are still unknown.Presented at the Proceedings of the International Meeting on Normal and Neoplastic Growth in Hepatology, Bari, Italy, June 1989.     

重型乙型肝炎的病毒复制状况与病情的关系

目的　了解重型乙型肝炎时乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)的复制状况及其与病情的关系。方法　应用酶联免疫吸附实验和聚合酶链反应测定 172例乙型肝炎病人的HBV复制指标。结果　慢性重型肝炎病人的HBeAg和 /或HBVDNA阳性率明显低于非重型慢性肝炎 (P <0 0 1) ;HBV复制状态与血清转氨酶、总胆红素水平及预后无明显相关性。结论　HBV复制活跃不一定是重型肝炎发生的因素。     

静脉注射丙种球蛋白佐治小儿病毒性脑炎疗效分析

目的:观察静脉注射丙种球蛋白(IVIG)佐治小儿急性病毒性脑炎的临床效果。方法:治疗组40例在常规治疗基础上,加用静脉注射丙种球蛋白,并与对照组46例疗效比较。结果:治疗组退热时间、止惊时间、神志开始恢复时间、神经系统病理反射消失时间及脑电图恢复正常时间较对照组明显缩短(P<0.01),两组颅神经损害开始恢复时间无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:静脉注射丙种球蛋白佐治病毒性脑炎,能减轻脑组织损伤,临床疗效好。     

利巴韦林颗粒剂对小儿病毒性上呼吸道感染的疗效评价

[目的] 评价利巴韦林颗粒剂(同欣颗粒)对小儿病毒性上呼吸道感染的疗效和安全性。[方法] 将446例病毒性上呼吸道感染儿童随机分为同欣颗粒治疗组(1组)和利巴韦林注射剂(病毒唑注射液)治疗组(Ⅱ组)。Ⅰ组共有病例235例，每日3次口服同欣颗粒，用药剂量为10mg／(kg．d)；Ⅱ组为211例，每日2次肌肉注射病毒哩，剂量为10mg／(kg．d)。用χ2检验评定两组间在疗效和安全性方面的差异。[结果]Ⅰ组有194例为显效，显效率82．6％，不良反应发生率为4．7％；Ⅱ组显效人数为180例，显效率85．3％，不良反应发生率为5．2％。两组在疗效和不良反应方面无显著性差异，P＞0．05。[结论]同欣颗粒在用于治疗小儿病毒性上呼吸道感染时，与病毒唑注射液的疗效和安全性基本相同。     

阻断致瘤病毒复制的抗肿瘤药物筛选策略

许多病毒与人类恶性肿瘤的发生有关，阻断病毒与靶细胞的结合和融合、干扰病毒的复制和表达，抑制与病毒复制有关的酶等多个环节，将为抗肿瘤药物的筛选提供相关策略。     

乙型肝炎病毒X蛋白截断变异对HBeAg含量和HBV DNA定量的影响

目的研究乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)X蛋白截断变异对HBeAg含量和HBV DNA定量的影响。方法通过DNA扩增、基因序列分析检测75例慢性乙肝和14例慢性重型乙肝和34例肝硬化病人血清的HBV X基因和前C基因序列,通过微粒子发光法定量检测血清中HBeAg的含量,以及通过荧光定量PCR技术定量检测血清中的HBVDNA。结果(1)9例检出X蛋白截断变异。(2)同无变异组比较,X蛋白截断变异组、CP双变异(nt 1762A→T,1764G→A)组和前C基因终止变异(nt 1896G→A)组的HBeAg含量均显著下降,其中前C终止变异组HBeAg血清转换最为明显。(3)同无变异组比较,X蛋白截断变异组的HBV DNA含量无明显差异。结论X蛋白截断变异影响HBeAg表达,但影响程度不及前C基因终止变异;X蛋白截断变异对HBV DNA定量无明显影响。     

小儿病毒性肺炎267例病原学分析

目的探讨本地区引起小儿病毒性肺炎的病原学概况与临床表现特点。方法应用ELISA法,检测患儿急性期血清中五种病毒(EBV、RSV、CBV、MP、流感)特异性抗体IgM,了解病原学种类。结果从1102例疑似病毒性感染者,检出五种抗体阳性458例,其中临床诊为肺炎者267例,单一病毒感染者占72.7%,混合感染者占27.3%。MP感染者居首位,其余依次分别为EBV、RSV、流感、CBV排列。结论引起小儿肺炎的病原学复杂,除细菌性感染外,病毒性感染的种类繁多,其流行季节高峰与临床表现各异。对感染者及早进行病原学检测,明确病原学种类,以利及时采取相应治疗措施而提高疗效。     

ELISA法与胶体金法检测健康人群抗-HCV的实验研究

〔目的〕为早期发现健康人群丙型肝炎感染状况 ,对漯河市无偿献血人员进行丙型肝炎病毒抗体 (抗 -HCV)检测 ,为安全输血制订丙型肝炎预防措施提供参考依据。〔方法〕采用酶联免疫法 (ELISA)与胶体金法两种方法进行比较。〔结果〕2年 ( 2 0 0 1-2 0 0 2年 )检测献血人员 1682 8人 ,ELISA法阳性 13 3份 ,阳性率 0 .79% ;胶体金法阳性 13 0份 ,阳性率 0 .77%。符合率 97.74% ,二者阳性结果无显著性差异 ( χ2 =0 .0 14 ,P >0 .0 5 )两种方法阴性对照结果一致 ,符合率10 0 %。〔结论〕胶体金法检测抗 -HCV ,具有操作简便 ,观察直观、快速、省时。其特异性、敏感性均达到ELISA水平。可作为筛查无偿献血人员丙型肝炎病毒抗体的重要手段。对丙型肝炎的早期发现 ,预防及控制有重要价值和意义。     

血清乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原检测在预防性健康体检中的应用

[目的]探讨血清前Sl抗原检测在预防性健康体检中的应用价值。[方法]用双抗体夹心ELISA法检测233例健康体检者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)及正常人血清中HBV前S1抗原(Pre-S1),并将其结果与荧光定量HBVDNA、HBVM及ALT的检测结果进行比较。[结果]在各组HBV感染者中均检出Pre-S1,检出率为20%~75%。HBeAg阳性组中检出率和相对滴度显著高于HBeAg阴性组(P<0.001);Pre-Sl和HBVDNA检测结果符合率达81.12%,Pre-Sl的相对滴度与HBVDNA含量之间呈正相关(r=0.9293,P<0.001);HBeAg阴性组ALT异常血清的Pre-Sl阳性率高于ALT正常血清(P<0.05),同是ALT异常,则HBeAg阳性血清的Per-SI阳性率高于HBeAg阴性血清(P<0.05)。[结论]血清前Sl抗原与HBV活动性复制、肝细胞损伤关系密切,可作为健康体检乙型肝炎传染性筛选的重要补充。