三拗汤对病毒性肺炎的辅助治疗疗效分析

目的探讨三拗汤对病毒性肺炎的辅助治疗效果,以降低不良反应发生率。方法选取2010年3月-2013年3月收治的病毒性肺炎患者168例,按照患者就诊时间顺序均分为对照组及观察组,各84例,对照组患者在使用止咳药物、化痰药物情况下给予利巴韦林静脉滴注,观察组在对照组基础上服用三拗汤,对比两组患者的各项指标。结果对照组患者发热、咳嗽时间显著长于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),肺部啰音消失时间、肺部影像恢复时间对照组高于观察组,但差异无统计学意义;观察组治疗总有效率为88.10%,不良反应发生率为1.19%,对照组分别为73.81%、8.33%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论三拗汤辅助治疗病毒性肺炎患者,能够缩短患者临床症状恢复时间、降低患者不良反应发生率、提高患者临床治疗效果,值得临床推广使用。     

The application of the skin virome for human identification

The use of skin virome offers a unique approach for human identification purposes in instances where a viable and statistically relevant human DNA profile is unavailable. The skin virome may act as an alternative DNA profile and/or an additional form of probative genetic material. To date, no study has attempted to investigate the human virome over a time series across various physical locations of the body to identify its diagnostic potential as a tool for human identification. For this study, we set out to evaluate the stability, diversity, and individualization of the human skin virome. An additional goal was to identify putative viral signatures that can be used in conjunction with traditional forensic STR loci. In order to accomplish this, human viral metagenomes were collected and sequenced from 42 individuals at three anatomical locations (left hand, right hand, and scalp) across multiple collection periods over a 6-month window of time. Assembly dependent and independent bioinformatic approaches, along with a database centered assessment of viral identification, resulted in three sets of stable putative viral markers. In total, with the three sets combined, we identified 59 viral biomarker regions, consisting of viral species and uncharacterized viral genome assemblies, that were stable over the sampling period. Additionally, we found the abundance profiles of these 59 viral biomarkers, based on presence or absence, to be significantly different across subjects (P < 0.001). Here we demonstrate that not only is the human virome applicable to be used for human identification, but we have identified many viral signatures that can putatively be used for forensic applications, thus providing a foundation to the novel field of forensic virology.     

苦瓜蛋白对柯萨奇B3病毒性心肌炎小鼠半胱天冬酶3活性及凋亡的抑制作用

为研究苦瓜蛋白对凋亡的关键酶半胱天冬酶 3及凋亡的调节作用 ,用已经建立起来的方法从苦瓜果肉中提取苦瓜蛋白。将BALB/C小鼠分为 4组 :病毒对照组、正常对照组、药物对照组和药物治疗组 ,分别在第 0天、第 3天、第 7天和第 14天各处死 5只小鼠 ,第 2 1天全部处死动物 ,心肌组织半胱天冬酶 3活性测定按照CAL BIOCHEM公司的试剂说明书进行 ,并稍加改正 ,凋亡鉴定按照Oncogene公司的TdT DNA裂解片断末端原位标记试剂说明书进行。结果发现 ,①病毒对照组第 7天开始出现半胱天冬酶 3活性 (0 .6 3± 0 .2 1pmol/min ,n =5 ) ,第 14天的活性 (10 .9± 1.5pmol/min ,n =5 )显著高于第 7天 ,第 2 1天的活性 (12 .6± 1.3pmol/min ,n =5 )又高于第 14天。②药物治疗组 ,只有一个第 2 1天的标本有半胱天冬酶 3活性 (0 .4 1pmol/min) ,其它两组均未检测到此酶的活性。③DNA裂解片断末端原位标记法发现 ,病毒对照组在第 7天心肌中有少数细胞凋亡 ,第 14天、第 2 1天凋亡细胞明显增多 ,在非病变区域可发现单个凋亡的心肌细胞。治疗组未发现凋亡细胞 ,其它两组也未发现凋亡细胞。结果提示 ,CVB3病毒性心肌炎中发现有明显的凋亡现象 ,凋亡和半胱天冬酶 3发现于第 7天 ,且随着时间增加而逐渐加重(增强 ) ;苦瓜蛋白可显     

The evolutionary arms race between NK cells and viruses: Who gets the short end of the stick?

NK cells are innate lymphocytes that play a key role in the control of various viral infections. Recent studies indicate that NK cells may acquire some features of adaptive immune cells, including the formation of long‐lived memory cells. A large and growing body of data indicates that NK cells regulate the adaptive immune response as well. The function and the activation status of NK cells are tightly regulated by signals induced by a broad range of inhibitory and activating cell surface receptors and cytokines released by other immune cells. Here, we review the function of mouse NK‐cell receptors involved in virus control and in the regulation of the adaptive immune response. In addition, we discuss viral strategies used to evade NK‐cell‐mediated control during infection. Finally, the role of several activating Ly49 receptors specific for mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV), as well as some controversial issues in the field, will be discussed.     

白细胞介素-27与病毒感染性疾病的研究进展

白细胞介素(IL)-27作为IL-12家族的新成员,是抗原递呈细胞(APC)的早期产物,主要由激活的单核细胞、树突状细胞和巨噬细胞分泌,同时是具有抗炎和促炎双重属性的细胞因子.目前发现IL-27参与多种病毒感染性疾病的发生、发展过程,其有望成为病毒特异性免疫疾病的新的治疗靶点.