Unilateral otitis media with effusion caused by retained surgical gauze as an unintended iatrogenic complication of orthognathic surgery: case report

Inadvertent retention of surgical gauze during an operation can have disastrous consequences for both the patient and the surgeon. Several cases have been reported, particularly after abdominal surgery. However, it has never to our knowledge been reported as a leading cause of dysfunction of the Eustachian tube after orthognathic surgery. We recently encountered a patient in whom it presented with unilateral otitis media with an effusion after orthognathic surgery. All surgeons involved with orthognathic surgery should be aware that remnants of surgical gauze after orthognathic surgery can compromise the Eustachian tube and cause otitis media with an effusion.     

Comparative effectiveness study between negative pressure wound therapy and conventional wound dressing on perforator flap at the Chinese tertiary referral teaching hospital

Background

Perforator flap techniques with conventional wound dressing have being extensively used in the management of soft-tissue defects. However; the flap's survival rate is not always guaranteed and the wound healing time always long. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effectiveness use of a freshly transplanted perforator flap in conjunction with Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) for better clinical outcomes.

Effects of Natural Brown Cotton Bleached Gauze on Wound Healing

Natural brown cotton has favorable antibacterial and antioxidant properties. In this study, we explored the effect of gauze made from natural brown cotton after scouring and bleaching on wound healing in rats. In this work, a control experiment was adopted. The control group used absorbent cotton gauze, and the experimental group utilized natural brown cotton bleached gauze. The materials were applied to rat models to explore the effects of the two dressings on wound healing. By analyzing the wound healing state of rats, calculating the healing rate, and combining the pathological HE staining, Masson staining, and CD31 immunohistochemical staining, the results showed that both gauzes have positive effects on the wound healing of the rats. Moreover, compared with the control group, the wound healing rate of rats in the experimental group increased by 14.81%, the number of inflammatory cells decreased by 12.93%, the number of new blood vessels increased by 6.88%, the growth rate of the granulation tissue area was 10.76%, the step-up rate of the area occupied by collagen was 33.71%, and the increase rate of optical density value was 10.00%. This study found that natural brown cotton bleached gauze has a better effect on wound healing than ordinary absorbent cotton gauze, and can be used as medical dressings.     

前置胎盘剖宫产产后出血行欣母沛与宫腔填纱联合治疗的效果分析

目的探讨前置胎盘剖宫产产后出血行欣母沛与宫腔填纱联合治疗的效果,以便为前置胎盘剖宫产产后出血的临床治疗提供理论与实践依据。方法选取2016年1月～2018年1月本院妇产科收治的前置胎盘剖宫产产后出血患者合计93例进行回顾性分析,在经本院医学伦理委员会批准的基础上按随机数字表法(RNTM)将其分成三组,联合组采用欣母沛与宫腔填纱联合治疗,对照组单纯采用欣母沛治疗,实验组单纯采用宫腔填纱治疗,比较三组患者术中、术后出血量,血压、体温等指标的变化情况。结果联合组术中出血量与对照组和实验组相比均有统计学差异(P0.05),对照组与实验组相比无明显差异(P0.05);联合组术后2 h、24 h出血量与实验组、对照组相比有统计学差异(P0.05),实验组与对照组相比有差异(P0.05)。三组患者治疗后血压、体温比较,联合组优于实验组及对照组,有统计学差异(P0.05),三组治疗前无明显差异(P0.05)。对照组与实验组并发症发生率比较无显著差异(P0.05),联合组的并发症发生率均低于实验组、对照组,差异显著(P0.05)。结论在前置胎盘剖宫产产后出血患者的临床治疗中,欣母沛与宫腔填纱联合与单纯的予以欣母沛或宫腔填纱相比临床疗效更佳,有良好的临床应用价值。     

宫腔填塞联合米索前列醇预防高危因素剖宫产产后出血的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨宫腔填塞联合米索前列醇预防高危因素剖宫产产后出血的临床疗效。方法:有剖宫产产后出血高危因素产妇125例,随机分为A组(n=63)和B组(n=62)。A、B组所有患者均于胎儿娩出后给予子宫壁肌肉内注射缩宫素20 U、静脉滴注缩宫素10 U,手术结束后给予肛塞米索前列醇400μg。但A组另于胎盘娩出、宫腔清理后给予纱布填塞宫腔。观察术中、术后2 h、术后24 h出血量及手术时间、产褥感染、不良反应情况。结果:A组术中、术后2 h、术后24 h出血量分别为:150.3±42.3 ml,282.2±55.2 ml,355.8±92.5 ml;产后出血率为1.59%;B组术中、术后2 h、术后24 h出血量分别为:206.7±33.9 ml,456.2±75.3 ml,568.4±83.2 m1;产后出血率为12.90%;A组出血量及产后出血发生率明显低于B组(P0.05),而手术时间、产褥感染、不良反应情况组间无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:宫腔填塞纱布联合米索前列醇预防高危因素剖宫产产后出血疗效显著,可明显减少产后出血发生率。     

脊椎植骨术中人工骨对软组织的反应

背景：脊椎后路植骨融合是常见的脊椎术式,人工骨可以很好地辅助植骨融合,但是由于软组织可能对人工骨存在一定的反应,人工骨目前很少应用于脊椎后路植骨中。 目的：拟通过兔的脊椎后路植骨实验,探讨如何降低脊椎手术中软组织对人工骨反应。 方法：36只成年公兔随机分为可吸收止血纱布组和对照组,于L2-3去皮质的椎板表面上,植入β-磷酸三钙人工骨,以可吸收止血纱布隔离背侧软组织为可吸收止血纱布组,无隔离物为对照组。检测植骨后不同时间点,兔血液中的C-反应蛋白表达,记录植骨后1周和12周皮肤愈合和皮下组织愈合情况以及局部炎症反应,CT检查记录植骨后不同时间点的人工骨爬行替代情况。 结果与结论：1周时,可吸收止血纱布组所有兔的背侧筋膜愈合完整;对照组9只中7只筋膜愈合完整,2只背侧筋膜愈合欠佳。12周时,可吸收止血纱布组9只中8只背侧筋膜愈合良好,1只愈合欠佳;对照组9只中6只愈合良好,2只愈合欠佳,1只轻度感染。1周时两组肌肉组织都存在一定充血,部分炎性细胞浸润,可吸收止血纱布组炎性细胞浸润较少,局部充血相对较少。12周时两组肌肉组织都存在一定的肉芽组织增生,可吸收止血纱布组炎性细胞浸润略少,对照组部分动物可见较明显的坏死组织。植骨后即刻,植骨后1周,4周时血液中的C-反应蛋白表达在两组间差异无显著性意义。植骨后12周时,CT检查显示靠近骨面的人工骨吸收明显,靠近软组织的人工骨无明显吸收,人工骨吸收情况在两组间无明显区别。结果提示,人工骨放置应尽量与植骨面多接触,这可促进人工骨尽早吸收,并降低软组织反应。减少人工骨和软组织接触,可以降低软组织对人工骨的反应。可吸收止血纱布的早期生物隔离和组织修复作用能一定程度减少组织对人工骨的反应。     

湿润烧伤膏并二氧化碳激光治疗血栓性外痔80例

目的：运用湿润烧伤膏(MEBO)纱布条与常规凡士林纱条填塞换药治疗，二氧化碳激光血栓性外痔手术后作对照，观察其促进创面愈合的作用。方法：分别将(MEBO)纱布条和凡士林纱布条填塞创面，外层用无菌纱布包扎，每日换药2次。结果：血栓性外痔激光手术后用湿润烧伤膏纱布条填塞可加速创面局部粘膜组织修复，无感染。创面愈合天数进行比较，明显少于凡士林对照组。结论：湿润烧伤膏具有抗炎减轻粘膜水肿，促进创面愈合疗效显著。     

Throat pain and pharyngeal packing: a controlled randomized double-blind comparison between gauze and tampons

In order to determine whether patients having pharyngeal packing experience more or less post-operative throat pain when tampons were used, 80 patients were randomized into two groups to receive either gauze or tampon pharyngeal packing. A third control group of 40 patients were intubated but did not have any throat packs. Post-operative throat pain was subjectively rated at both 6 hours and at 24 hours by an independent observer. Thirty-eight per cent of patients had moderate or severe throat pain in the gauze group, whilst in the tampon and control groups these amounted to only 15% and 1% respectively. A significantly higher proportion of patients also had a moderate or severe sore throat at 24 hours in the former group. Intubation alone resulted in a sore throat post-operatively in 50% of patients, but 85% of those had a mild sore throat only. No differences in pain ratings in any group could be shown between men or women or between age groupings. Endotracheal intubation often causes post-operative throat pain which is exacerbated by the use of pharyngeal packing. The results presented suggest that tampons are a safe, effective alternative to gauze and result in less severe post-operative throat pain.     

Intra-abdominal packing with laparotomy pads and QuikClot™ during damage control laparotomy: A safety analysis

BackgroundIntra-abdominal packing with laparotomy pads (LP) is a common and rapid method for hemorrhage control in critically injured patients. Combat Gauze™ and Trauma Pads™ ([QC] Z-Medica QuikClot^®) are kaolin impregnated hemostatic agents, that in addition to LP, may improve hemorrhage control. While QC packing has been effective in a swine liver injury model, QC remains unstudied for human intra-abdominal use. We hypothesized QC packing during damage control laparotomy (DCL) better controls hemorrhage than standard packing and is safe for intracorporeal use.MethodsA retrospective review (2011–2014) at a Level-I Trauma Center reviewed all patients who underwent DCL with intentionally retained packing. Clinical characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative parameters, and outcomes were compared with respect to packing (LP vs. LP + QC). All complications occurring within the patients’ hospital stays were reviewed. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.Results68 patients underwent DCL with packing; (LP n = 40; LP + QC n = 28). No difference in age, BMI, injury mechanism, ISS, or GCS was detected (Table 1, all p > 0.05). LP + QC patients had a lower systolic blood pressure upon ED presentation and greater blood loss during index laparotomy than LP patients. LP + QC patients received more packed red blood cell and fresh frozen plasma resuscitation during index laparotomy (both p < 0.05). Despite greater physiologic derangement in the LP + QC group, there was no difference in total blood products required after index laparotomy until abdominal closure (LP vs LP + QC; p > 0.05). After a median of 2 days until abdominal closure in both groups, no difference in complications rates attributable to intra-abdominal packing (LP vs LP + QC) was detected.ConclusionWhile the addition of QC to LP packing did not confer additional benefit to standard packing, there was no additional morbidity identified with its use. The surgeons at our institution now select augmented packing with QC for sicker patients, as we believe this may have additional advantage over standard LP packing. A randomized controlled trial is warranted to further evaluate the intra-abdominal use of advanced hemostatic agents, like QC, for both hemostasis and associated morbidity.