健康儿童血浆游离氨基酸与体格生长的研究

本文采用丹酰氯聚酰胺薄层分析法研究了65名3～7岁健康儿童的血浆游离氨基酸,研究其与体格生长的关系.结果表明:赖氨酸,甘氨酸,羟脯氨酸,与年龄别身高、体重和身高别体重百分位成正相关.并有显著意义.异亮氨酸.赖氨酸.甘氨酸在营养优组中显著高于差组.提示血浆游离氨基酸对健康学龄前儿童的体格生长发挥重要的生理作用.     

Near visual acuity: a simple measure of practical significance in insulin-treated diabetic patients.

The value of measuring near visual acuity as a predictor of loss of independence in administering insulin and monitoring blood or urine glucose has been assessed in 110 insulin-treated diabetic patients. Near visual acuity was simple to measure in the clinic setting, and correlated well with 6 m acuity. Fourteen patients depended on an assistant either to draw up the correct dose of insulin (n = 12), inject the insulin (n = 7) or to monitor blood or urine glucose (n = 12). Of these 14 patients only one, who was demented, had near visual acuity better than N.12. Two other patients had near visual acuity N.12 or worse and yet were independent of help. One had severe visual impairment and used a pen-injector and a meter with speech synthesizer, and the other had near visual acuity of N.12. Impairment of near visual acuity to N.12 or worse is associated with loss of independence in insulin-treated diabetes. Measurement of near visual acuity could be useful in predicting independence of insulin-treated patients.     

中性粒细胞的化学发光测定

用化学发光法检测粒细胞吞噬功能具有灵敏、准确、快速等优点。用我校同位素实验室LS3801型液体闪烁分析仪,全部使用国产试剂,建立了分离的中性粒细胞化学发光测定法,并对影响因素作了初步观察和探讨。实验表明,此法既可用于中性粒细胞吞噬杀菌功能机理研究,亦可用于临床监测。对糖尿病人粒细胞功能化学发光测定结果,显示了此法应用的潜力。     

玉溪市农村室内鼠类及其体外寄生蚤类调查

笔者于１９９２年２月至１９９３年１月，在玉溪市两个自然村室内进行了鼠类及体外寄生蚤类调查研究。鼠类年均捕获率７．２５％；褐家鼠为优势种，占７３．４９％，捕获率高峰期在９月；黄胸鼠和小家鼠为常见种，捕获率高峰期分别在３和４月。３种家鼠年龄孕鼠率为１４．５７％，平均胎仔数为７．３只，１０月为全年生殖高峰。     

缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网自由基的测定

应用电子自旋共振波谱仪（ＥＳＲ）直接检测了缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网自由基的变化，以探讨肌质网系统与氧自由基的关系。实验中将２０只兔随机分为再灌注对照组、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）组、ＡＴＰ－氯化镁组和人参皂甙Ｒｅ组。实验结果，ｇ值２．００４６处为半醌自由基波谱，其相对浓度各组依次为７８．９４±２．１２６，１４．４６±２．８６，２０．６５±７．６５，１４．６６±３．６７（ｘ±ＳＤ），对照组与用药组均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），表明缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网产生大量的自由基，用ＥＳＲ可以直接检测到半醌自由基，外源性高能磷酸盐制剂ＡＴＰ－氯化镁及人参皂甙Ｒｅ与超氧化物歧化酶一样，发挥清除兔心肌肌浆网自由基的作用。     

The 21-aminosteroid antioxidant, U74389F, prevents estradiol-induced depletion of hypothalamic β-endorphin in adult female rats

A single intramuscular injection of 2 mg estradiol valerate (EV) results in neuronal degeneration and β-endorphin depletion in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of adult female rats. We have hypothesized that peroxidase-positive astrocytes in this brain region oxidize estrogens and catecholestrogens to semiquinone radicals which mediate oxidative neuronal injury. In the present study, dietary administration of the potent antioxidant 21-aminosteroid, U-74389F, completely blocked EV-induced β-endorphin depletion in the hypothalami of adult female rats. Neither EV nor 21-aminosteroid treatment had any effect on hypothalamic concentrations of neuropeptide Y and Met-enkephalin, confirming that the estradiol lesion is fairly selective for the β-endorphin cell population. The present findings support the hypothesis that the toxic effect of estradiol on hypothalamic β-endorphin neurons is mediated by free radicals.     

Evidence for a reflex provoking contraction of the renal pelvis (with some comments on its clinical implications)

The effect of swallowing a small quantity of water or of solid food (biscuit) on the renogram curve was observed in 177 patients. Swallowing provoked contraction of the renal pelvis in 63% of the kidneys with a pelvicalyceal system which was neither obstructed nor dilated, with expulsion of a substantial fraction of the contents within 30 s. This did not occur in obstructed or denervated kidneys, nor in patients with a high transection of the spinal cord. Evidence is adduced that this contraction is mediated reflexly. This effect may be used diagnostically to distinguish physiological dilatation from obstruction. The implications when performing and interpreting renography are discussed. Correspondence to: M.V. Merrick     

Expanding Our Strategies to Study the Process of Change

The conceptual and methodological framework proposed by Doss (this issue) makes valuable suggestions for strategic choices in future research. This commentary addresses conceptual and terminological distinctions adopted by Doss, as well as his criticism of add-on/ dismantling studies. We also suggest research topics and methodological developments that could be integrated in Doss's framework to further expand understanding of therapeutic change.     

医院管理"四部曲"

结合医院管理实际,实施管理四部曲。即:完善机制、教育先行、督察到位、奖惩分明。阐明持续改进是完善机制的内在需求;及时清理是完善机制的有力保障;易于操作是完善机制的必备条件。同时,突出教育的基础性地位;强调监督的关键性环节;放大奖惩的激励性效应。     

依达拉奉防治缺血性脑损伤研究的新进展

近年来,依达拉奉脑保护作用的研究取得了很大进展,尤以对缺血性脑卒中和新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病的防治研究最为深入,而联合治疗策略也得到了广泛的重视.本文就近5年这些热点研究的新进展进行综述.