孕产妇尿碘水平测定结果分析

目的:了解十堰地区孕产期妇女是否存在碘缺乏并对碘缺乏病(IDD)进行筛查,为孕产期妇女补碘提供依据。方法:用ADA快速尿碘测定法对孕产妇尿碘水平进行测定、用化学发光法测定甲状腺功能。结果:(1)孕产妇缺碘发生率50.85%,显著高于非妊娠妇女(6.67%),部分孕产妇(13.09%)尿碘水平高于非妊娠妇女;(2)缺碘组孕妇TSH水平高于非缺碘组(P<0.05)。结论:十堰地区孕产妇存在碘缺乏,有必要对孕产妇作尿碘筛查,以便及时合理补碘,避免碘缺乏带来的不良影响。     

热致相分离法制备聚醚醚酮多孔膜

对聚醚醚酮/二苯砜、聚醚醚酮/二苯酮所组成聚合物/稀释剂体系,采用热致相分离法制备了聚醚醚酮多孔膜,探讨了制备具有耐高温、耐溶剂的聚醚醚酮多孔膜的可能性,对聚合物/稀释剂体系的相容性进行理论计算和分析,并研究了聚合物的含量对成膜多孔结构的影响。     

尿脱落细胞检查在联苯胺作业工人健康监护中的作用

目的研究通过在职业性膀胱癌高发人群中进行尿脱落细胞检查,以早期发现、早期治疗膀胱肿瘤,说明其在健康监护中的作用.方法对染化行业在职和退休职工,有联苯胺接触史1年以上的男性,进行尿脱落细胞病理学检查.结果对联苯胺作业人群进行20年的尿脱落细胞健康监护工作,并已取得肯定效果.结论通过尿脱落细胞检查可以检出尚无临床症状的早期患者,可使患者早期发现早期治疗膀胱肿瘤,所以尿脱落细胞学检查对于联苯胺作业人群的职业健康监护有着重要的意义.     

A comparison of two molecular methods for diagnosing leptospirosis from three different sample types in patients presenting with fever in Laos

ObjectivesTo compare two molecular assays (rrs quantitative PCR (qPCR) versus a combined 16SrRNA and LipL32 qPCR) on different sample types for diagnosing leptospirosis in febrile patients presenting to Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, Laos.MethodsSerum, buffy coat and urine samples were collected on admission, and follow-up serum ∼10 days later. Leptospira spp. culture and microscopic agglutination tests (MAT) were performed as reference standards. Bayesian latent class modelling was performed to estimate sensitivity and specificity of each diagnostic test.ResultsIn all, 787 patients were included in the analysis: 4/787 (0.5%) were Leptospira culture positive, 30/787 (3.8%) were MAT positive, 76/787 (9.7%) were rrs qPCR positive and 20/787 (2.5%) were 16SrRNA/LipL32 qPCR positive for pathogenic Leptospira spp. in at least one sample. Estimated sensitivity and specificity (with 95% CI) of 16SrRNA/LipL32 qPCR on serum (53.9% (33.3%–81.8%); 99.6% (99.2%–100%)), buffy coat (58.8% (34.4%–90.9%); 99.9% (99.6%–100%)) and urine samples (45.0% (27.0%–66.7%); 99.6% (99.3%–100%)) were comparable with those of rrs qPCR, except specificity of 16SrRNA/LipL32 qPCR on urine samples was significantly higher (99.6% (99.3%–100%) vs. 92.5% (92.3%–92.8%), p <0.001). Sensitivities of MAT (16% (95% CI 6.3%–29.4%)) and culture (25% (95% CI 13.3%–44.4%)) were low. Mean positive Cq values showed that buffy coat samples were more frequently inhibitory to qPCR than either serum or urine (p <0.001).ConclusionsSerum and urine are better samples for qPCR than buffy coat, and 16SrRNA/LipL32 qPCR performs better than rrs qPCR on urine. Quantitative PCR on admission is a reliable rapid diagnostic tool, performing better than MAT or culture, with significant implications for clinical and epidemiological investigations of this global neglected disease.     

尿液分析法和显微镜手工分析法在尿常规检查中的价值

目的对尿液分析法和显微镜手工分析法在尿常规检查中的价值进行评价分析,为今后的临床检验工作提供可靠的参考依据。方法选取2013年1月~2014年12月我院收治的接受尿常规检查人群260例,分别展开尿液分析法和显微镜手工分析法进行检查,并对两种检查方法的检查结果进行对比分析。结果本组260份尿液标本经尿液分析法阳性187份,阴性73份,假阳性率0.77%,假阴性4.61%;显微镜手工分析法阳性156份,阴性104份,假阳性率8.08%,假阴性率18.08%,P0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论尿液分析法和显微镜手工法在尿常规检测中均具有重要价值。     

Effects of Crede's method on urine voiding within the first 8 h after surgery among post‐haemorrhoidectomy patients: a comparison study

Urinary retention is a common complication among patients after haemorrhoidectomy. Although Crede's method is recommended for urinary retention in nursing practice textbooks, its effects require further examination. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of urine voiding within the first 8 h following haemorrhoidectomy and to examine the effects of Crede's method on this postoperative outcome. A two‐group comparison study was conducted. All participants were over 20 years of age, and each had undergone haemorrhoidectomy. Outcome measurements included patients' self‐reported urine voiding within 8 h of surgery, personal demographics and disease‐related data. Before the surgical procedure, participants were divided into Crede's group and non‐Crede's group, and written educational materials were given. Patients in the Crede's group were taught Crede's method for application in the event that they were unable to void urine after haemorrhoidectomy. The non‐Crede's group patients were taught traditional methods without Crede's method. We examined urine voiding within the first 8 h after haemorrhoidectomy. The mean rate of urine voiding within 8 h of surgery was 60·9% overall, with 91·3% (21/23) in the Crede's group and 30·4% (7/23) in the non‐Crede's group reporting successful voiding. After controlling for the two groups' personal characteristics and disease‐related variables, age, educational level and perioperative fluid administration were treated as covariates and included in the multinomial logistic regression model. The odds ratio of urine voiding within the first 8 h after surgery was 52·70‐fold higher in the Crede's group than in the non‐Crede's group (p < 0·01). This study shows that Crede's method is an effective strategy to aid in urine voiding within the first eight postsurgical hours among patients following haemorrhoidectomy. Clear and concise information about urinary retention and related management strategies should be given to patients before haemorrhoidectomy.     

Self‐reported quantity of daily water intake and urine output in healthy young

Water is an essential nutrient and adequate intake and output of water is required for health maintenance. Water homeostasis is vital for life and optimal function and considerable interest surrounds the issue of recommendations for water consumption in healthy individuals. Few studies are available about self‐reported water intake and urine output. The aim of this study was to assess the quantity of water intake and urine output in 24‐h period in healthy young individuals. This prospective study was carried out on 31 students aged 18–24 years undergoing nursing education in a University during January 2011 in Sakarya, Turkey. Healthy young individuals were recruited for determination of the quantity of water taken in and urine excretion along 24 h; they recorded fluid input and urine output. The students collected the data during weekend break. In our study, the total daily fluid intake (mL) for females was 2082·6 ± 687·1 and the total daily fluid intake (mL) for males was 2720·8 ± 717·4. The total daily quantity of urine (mL) for females was 1623·4 ± 602·4 and the total daily quantity of urine (mL) for males was 1818·3 ± 420·6. This research may be the source for similar studies that could include seasonal changes, climates, cultures and different age groups.     

Titanium and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) patient-specific sub-periosteal implants: two novel approaches for rehabilitation of the severely atrophic anterior maxillary ridge

The aim of this study was to assess two new protocols for single-stage rehabilitation of the severely atrophic maxillary ridge using customized porous titanium or polyether ether ketone (PEEK) sub-periosteal implants. Ten patients with a severely atrophic anterior maxillary alveolar ridge were divided randomly into two groups (five patients in each) to receive customized sub-periosteal implants fabricated via CAD/CAM technology: group 1, porous titanium implants; group 2, PEEK implants. Prosthetic loading with fixed acrylic bridges was performed 1 month postoperative. The implants were followed-up for 12 months and evaluated for the presence of any sign of radiographic bone resorption, mobility, infection, prosthetic fracture, or implant exposure. The immediate postoperative period was uneventful except for one case complicated by wound dehiscence in group 1. At 12 months, all implants were functionally stable and the patients were comfortable with the prostheses. No signs of radiographic bone resorption, mobility, infection, or prosthetic fracture were observed. Within the limitations of this study, the application of customized porous titanium and PEEK sub-periosteal implants produced through CAD/CAM technology appears to be an acceptable method for single-stage prosthetic rehabilitation of the severely atrophic edentulous anterior maxilla.This study was awarded the best case study at the academy of osseintegration annual meeting 2017, Orlando, Florida.