C-去甲-D-高甾烷甾体生物碱ABC环的合成：环巴胺的全合成研究（英文）

本研究工作建立了一种合成环巴胺ABC环的有效方法。该方法的亮点在于扁桃酸缩醛介导的稠环酮（±）-4的拆分及IBX-介导的化合物12的多位点同步氧化。所建立的光学纯关键中间体（＋）-4和2的简便合成方法为进一步合成具有生物活性的各种C-去甲-D-高甾烷甾体生物碱（如环巴胺）提供了可行性。     

麝香酮对氰化钠加缺糖致PC12细胞缺血损伤的保护作用

目的:研究麝香酮对PC12细胞缺血损伤的影响。方法:在离体培养的PC12细胞,用NaCN加缺糖造成拟缺血损伤模型,通过细胞形态学观察、MTT微量比色、培养介质LDH活力测定,研究了麝香酮对该模型的保护作用。结果:10-7~510-5mol/L范围内,麝香酮呈浓度依赖性地降低NaCN加缺糖造成拟缺血损伤模型培养介质内LDH的释放,其IC50为:43.33μmol/L。在10-7~510-5mol/L范围内,麝香酮呈浓度依赖性地增加NaCN加缺糖造成拟缺血损伤模型培养介质的MTT比色值,其IC50为30.62μmol/L。结论:麝香酮对PC12细胞缺血损伤具有保护作用。     

真武汤治疗糖尿病肾病的临床效果

目的 探析真武汤治疗糖尿病肾病的临床效果.方法 选取该院于2018年3月—2020年3月收治的100例糖尿病肾病患者,按照数字表法随机分为两组,对照组采用常规西药治疗,在此基础上观察组加用真武汤治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效和治疗前后的相关指标变化.结果 观察组的总有效率88.0％高于对照组64.0％,差异有统计学意义(...     

蒙药赤芍化学成分的研究

本文综合运用硅胶柱层析、ODS柱层析、SephadexLH-20柱层析以及反相HPLC等多种色谱学分离手段对赤芍60％G醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物的化学成分进行了研究,从中分离得到10个化合物。通过理化性质和现代波谱学手段（uv、1H—NMR、13C—NMR）鉴定了2个化合物的结构,分别为苯甲酸,芍药成花激素酮。     

60例2型糖尿病患者尿微量蛋白测定结果研究

目的分析2型糖尿病患者尿微量蛋白水平,探讨其在糖尿病肾病发展中的作用。方法选择2型糖尿病患者60例,测尿微量蛋白。结果2型糖尿病患者中有43.2%尿微量蛋白升高。结论尿微量蛋白升高是疾病早期改变对2型糖尿病合并肾病早期诊断早期治疗具有重大意义。     

Oxidative DNA damage and repair in children exposed to low levels of arsenic in utero and during early childhood: Application of salivary and urinary biomarkers

The present study aimed to assess arsenic exposure and its effect on oxidative DNA damage and repair in young children exposed in utero and continued to live in arsenic-contaminated areas. To address the need for biological specimens that can be acquired with minimal discomfort to children, we used non-invasive urinary and salivary-based assays for assessing arsenic exposure and early biological effects that have potentially serious health implications. Levels of arsenic in nails showed the greatest magnitude of difference between exposed and control groups, followed by arsenic concentrations in saliva and urine. Arsenic levels in saliva showed significant positive correlations with other biomarkers of arsenic exposure, including arsenic accumulation in nails (r = 0.56, P < 0.001) and arsenic concentration in urine (r = 0.50, P < 0.05). Exposed children had a significant reduction in arsenic methylation capacity indicated by decreased primary methylation index and secondary methylation index in both urine and saliva samples. Levels of salivary 8-OHdG in exposed children were significantly higher (~ 4-fold, P < 0.01), whereas levels of urinary 8-OHdG excretion and salivary hOGG1 expression were significantly lower in exposed children (~ 3-fold, P < 0.05), suggesting a defect in hOGG1 that resulted in ineffective cleavage of 8-OHdG. Multiple regression analysis results showed that levels of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in saliva and urine had a significant positive association with salivary 8-OHdG and a significant negative association with salivary hOGG1 expression.     

尿百草枯与动脉血乳酸浓度对急性百草枯中毒的预后评估

目的：观察急性百草枯中毒（APP）患者入院时尿百草枯（PQ）浓度与动脉血乳酸（Lac）浓度变化,探讨APP 患者预后特异度和敏感度较高的监测指标。方法收集我院急诊内科2012年1月－2015年1月 APP 患者142例的临床资料,根据中毒后30 d 是否死亡分为死亡组与存活组,记录入院时尿 PQ 浓度和血 Lac 浓度,通过 ROC 曲线评估其对 APP 预后的诊断价值。结果死亡组患者入院时尿 PQ 浓度和血 Lac 浓度明显高于存活组（P ＜0．05）;两者对 APP 患者死亡预测的 ROC 曲线下面积（AUC）显示,尿 PQ 浓度的 AUC 为0．843,截断值为50．12 mg／L,敏感度为78．6％,特异度为88．5％,Youden 指数0．671;血 Lac 浓度的 AUC 为0．782,截断值为3．76 mmol／L,敏感度为85．4％,特异度为76．7％,Youden 指数0．621。结论入院时尿 PQ 浓度（≥50．12 mg／L）和（或）血 Lac 浓度（≥3．76 mmol／L）可作为预测 APP 患者预后的参考指标。     

上海市6～12岁儿童CYP3A酶活性分布

目的了解上海地区6～12岁儿童CYP3A酶活性分布情况。方法采用高效液相色谱法［固定相：HP Hypersil ODS分析柱(250 mm×4 mm，5 μm)；流动相：CH3CN(A相)和7.56 mmol·L^-1 (NH4)2SO4(B相)，梯度洗脱，柱温：30 ℃；流速：1.0 mL·min^-1；紫外检测波长：240 nm；取处理完毕的样品20 μL进样］测定入选志愿者尿液中氢化可的松和6β-羟基氢化可的松的浓度，以6β-羟基氢化可的松与氢化可的松的浓度比值来表示CYP3A酶的活性。结果450例受检者CYP3A酶的活性均值为(3.75±2.82)，均值95%可信区间为3.41～4.12。结论6～12岁儿童CYP3A酶活性无性别差异，正常值范围为0.49～28.71。     

孟鲁司特治疗紫癜性肾炎的临床研究

目的：观察孟鲁司特治疗紫癜性肾炎的临床疗效以指导临床用药。方法：选取紫癜性肾炎患儿62例,各临床类型患儿按不平衡指数最小分配原则分为观察组32例及对照组30例。对照组给予综合治疗,观察组在综合治疗的基础上给予孟鲁司特每次4~5 mg,每天1次口服,共观察治疗4周。结果：观察组与对照组无新发皮疹的时间分别为（3.63±1.06）d、（3.03±0.96）d,皮疹消退的时间分别为（11.36±3.02）d、（9.45±3.11）d,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。观察组治疗4周后血清胱抑素C（1.17±0.49）mg/L,与治疗前的（1.49±0.67）mg/L比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组治疗4周后血清β2-微球蛋白（5.07±0.19）mg/L,与治疗前的（9.85±0.36）mg/L及对照组治疗4周后的（8.57±0.82）mg/L比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组治疗4周后尿β2-微球蛋白（0.38±0.19）mg/L,与治疗前的（0.57±0.23）mg/L及对照组治疗4周后的（0.52±0.26）mg/L比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组治疗4周后尿微量白蛋白（28.9±19.1）mg/L,与治疗前的（53.6±32.5）mg/L比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：孟鲁司特能缩短过敏性紫癜无新发皮疹及皮疹消失的时间,且能降低血清胱抑素C、尿微量白蛋白、血清及尿β2-微球蛋白含量,故推测孟鲁司特能改善紫癜性肾炎急性期肾损害。     

Post-voiding residual volume in 154 primiparae 3 days after vaginal delivery under epidural anesthesia

OBJECTIVES: To use 3-dimensional ultrasonography (3D-US) to determine the frequency of post-voiding residual volume (PVRV) > or =100 mL in primiparae 3 days after receiving epidural anesthesia for vaginal delivery. Potential relationships between day-3 PVRV > or =100 mL and obstetrical-pediatric parameters, especially those possibly implicated in post-obstetrical bladder dysfunction, were examined. STUDY DESIGN: We recruited 154 primiparae who vaginally delivered term singletons following uncomplicated pregnancies in the maternity unit of a French teaching hospital. All women had been systematically catheterized 2-h postpartum to measure precisely the volume of urine retained. On the morning of discharge (day 3), when the patient felt the urge to urinate, her 3D-US pre-voiding bladder volume was determined with BladderScan (BVI-3000), then her spontaneously voided urine was collected to accurately quantify its volume and 3D-US was repeated immediately to evaluate the PVRV. PVRV > or =100 mL on day 3 was considered pathological. RESULT: Among these 154 women, 88 (57%) felt the need to urinate and 97 (63%) had a retained volume > or =500 mL at 2-h postpartum. On day-3 postpartum, the median [range] volumes for the entire cohort were: 426.7 [158-999.7] mL 3D-US-measured pre-voiding, 350 [15-1000] mL collected by spontaneous urination, 82.2 [5.3-433.3] mL 3D-US-determined post-voiding; PVRV exceeded 100 mL for 55 (36%). According to our univariate analysis, no factor considered was able to predict PVRV > or =100 mL on day 3. CONCLUSION: Our observations confirmed the existence of PVRV > or =100 mL on day 3 in more than one-third of these primiparae who delivered vaginally under epidural anesthesia. No obstetrical-pediatric factor could be implicated in this bladder dysfunction. Therefore, we recommend frequent and systematic non-invasive 3D-US monitoring of all postpartum patients at least until day 3 to avoid excessive urine retention.