Impact of preoperative radiation on survival of patients with T3N0 >7-cm non–small cell lung cancers treated with anatomic resection using the Surveillance,Epidemiology, and End Results database

Background

Very large non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) remain a therapeutic challenge. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of surgery in the presence and absence of neoadjuvant radiation (NRT) on survival of patients with T3N0 >7-cm NSCLCs.

Materials and methods

The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to identify patients undergoing lobectomy or pneumonectomy for T3N0 NSCLC tumors >7 cm from 1999–2008. Patients were categorized into groups based on type of surgery performed and whether NRT was used. Five-year overall (OS) and lung cancer–specific survival (LCSS) were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and comparisons made using log-rank tests and Cox regression models.

Results

There were 1301 patients evaluated, including 1232 undergoing primary surgical therapy (PST) and 69 receiving NRT. NRT was not associated with improvements in 5-y OS (48% versus 41%, P = 0.062) or LCSS (59% versus 52%, P = 0.116) compared with PST. Lobectomies were associated with better 5-y OS (43% versus 33%; P = 0.006) and LCSS (54% versus 43%, P = 0.005) compared with pneumonectomies. On multivariate analysis, NRT did not produce any significant advantage in OS (P = 0.242) and LCSS (P = 0.208). Pneumonectomies were associated with significantly worse OS (hazard ratio, 1.32; P = 0.007) and LCSS (hazard ratio, 1.38; P = 0.005) when compared with lobectomies.

Conclusions

NRT, which most likely was a combination of chemotherapy and radiation, was not associated with improvements in OS or LCSS in patients with T3N0 >7-cm NSCLC compared with PST. When feasible, lobectomy appears more beneficial than pneumonectomy in terms of long-term survival for very large tumors.     

Eritoran对蛛网膜下腔出血兔基底动脉IL-1β、TNF-α和IFN-β mRNA表达的影响

目的 探讨eritora对蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)兔基底动脉炎性细胞因子白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)和干扰素-β(interferon-β,IFN-β)mRNA表达的影响.方法 36只健康成年雄性新西兰兔随机分为SAH组(n=12)、生理盐水组(n=12)和eritoran组(n=12).采用枕大池自体动脉血二次注血法建立SAH模型,生理盐水组用生理盐水等量置换脑脊液,SAH组置换脑脊液后立即注入等量自体非肝素化动脉血,eritoran组在每次经枕大池注血后立即静脉注射eritoran( 1.5 mg/kg).进行摄食情况和神经功能缺损评分.实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测基底动脉IL-1β、TNF-α和IFN-β mRNA表达.结果 Eritoran组进食评分[(1.20 ±0.41)分对(2.20±0.61)分;t=53.073,P=0.002]、神经功能缺损评分[(1.46±0.32)分对(2.60±0.08)分;t=306.431,P=0.001]、IL-1β [(1.22±0.48)对(2.38±0.06);P=0.000]、TNF-α[(1.39±0.07)对(3.32±0.21),P=0.000]和IFN-β[(1.51±0.08)对(2.18±0.05),P=0.000] mRNA表达均显著低于SAH组.结论 Eritoran可下调SAH兔基底动脉炎性细胞因子IL-1β、TNF-α和IFN-β mRNA表达,增加摄食量,减轻神经功能缺损.     

Aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine

Purpose

Aneurysmal bone cyst is a benign, relatively uncommon lesion, representing 1.4 % of primary bone tumors. The vertebral column is involved in 3–30 % of cases. This report describes clinical characteristics and treatment results of 18 patients with aneurysmal bone cyst of the spine.

Methods

Between 1991 and 2008, 18 patients with aneurysmal bone cyst of the spine were surgically treated in our department. The clinical records, radiographs, histologic sections, and operative reports were analyzed.

Results

There were 11 male and 7 female patients; mean age was 22.1 years (range 7–46 years). Localizations were cervical (3), cervicothoracic (2), thoracic (3), lumbar (4), and sacrum (6). Tumor was localized on the left side in 11 cases, on the right side in 2 and at midline in 5 patients. The two most common clinical features were axial pain (14 patients) and radicular pain (8 patients). Neurological signs were paraparesis in 3, monoparesis in 6. Mean duration of symptoms was 9 months (range 3 months–3 years). All patients underwent surgery: total removal was performed in 13 patients and subtotal resection in 5. Posterior (11), anterolateral (1), or combined anterior-posterior (6) approaches were used. Mean follow-up duration was 112.3 months (range 4–21 years). We detected four recurrences in subtotal excision group (4/5), and one recurrence in total excision group (1/13).

Conclusion

Treatment options for aneurysmal bone cysts are simple curettage with or without bone grafting, complete excision, embolization, radiation therapy, or a combination of these modalities. Radical surgical excision should be the goal of surgery to decrease the recurrence rate. Recurrence rate is significantly lower in case of total excision.     

改良AdVance吊带术治疗中重度男性压力性尿失禁的疗效初探

目的：初步探讨改良后的AdVance吊带（经闭孔球部尿道悬吊）术对男性TURP术后尿失禁的治疗效果。方法：2012年11月间将2例TURP术后压力性尿失禁（SUI）患者纳入本研究,尿失禁程度通过手术前后国际尿失禁许询委员会尿失禁问卷简表（ICI—Q-SF）评分和尿垫使用量（日常生活活动漏尿量）来评定。1例为中度SUI,1例为重度SUI,均采用改良后的AdVance吊带术治疗。患者生活质量通过健康生活质素调查问卷（SF-12）在术前和术后6个月回访时获得。结果：中度SUI患者术前SF-12评分为13分,ICI-Q-SF评分为14分,生活质量（QOL）评分为6分,术前最大尿流率（Qmax）26．6ml／S．膀胱剩余尿量（PVR）0ml;术后6个月SF-12评分为6分,ICI—Q-SF评分为0分,Q（）I。评分为2分,Qmax16．5ml／s,剩余尿量0ml。患者整个随访期间临床表现稳定,尿失禁未随着时间推移复发加重。术后未发现伤口感染,尿道无侵蚀,患者对手术效果满意。熏度SUI患者术前SF-12评分为18分,ICI—Q-SF评分为14分,Q（）I,评分为6分,因无法憋尿无法行尿流率测定;术后6个月SF一12评分为7分,ICI—Q-SF评分为4分,Q（）I。评分为2分,术后Qmax30．2ml／s,剩余尿量15ml。术后偶有少许尿液流出（每周1次．〈20ml／次）。术后未发现伤口感染．尿道无侵蚀．患者对手术效果满意。结论：改良后的Ad—Vance吊带术是治疗男性TURP术后尿失禁的有效方法。     

二甲基亚砜抑制吗啡诱导热痛觉过敏的实验研究

【摘要】 目的 观察二甲基亚砜(DMSO)对吗啡诱导的热痛觉过敏及其对脊髓背角肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)表达的影响。方法 32只SD大鼠随机分为4组,A组(生理盐水+吗啡组)、B组(10%DMSO 5 mL/kg+吗啡组),C组(10%DMSO 5 mL/kg+生理盐水组)和D组(生理盐水组)。各组大鼠分别每d3PM腹腔注射生理盐水或DMSO,30 min后皮下注射吗啡或生理盐水。观察注药前1 d,注药后3 d、6 d、10 d大鼠热刺激撤足潜伏期的变化及脊髓背角TNF?鄄α表达情况。结果 与注药前相比,A组注药后3 d开始热刺激撤足潜伏期缩短,10 d进一步缩短(P<0.01)。与A组比较,B组注药后6 d、10 d热刺激撤足潜伏期延长有统计学意义(P<0.01)。A组脊髓背角TNF?鄄α表达较其它组增高(P<0.01)。B组TNF?鄄α的表达较A组低,较D组高有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 DMSO可能通过抑制脊髓背角TNF?鄄α的产生而减轻吗啡诱导的热痛觉过敏。     

肠系膜下动脉根部结扎在直肠癌前切除术中的应用

目的 探讨肠系膜下动脉(IMA)根部结扎对直肠癌根治术的临床应用价值.方法 将2003年1月至2007年12月收治的173例直肠癌前切除术患者随机分成两组,其中根部结扎组85例,采用IMA根部结扎术及根部淋巴结廓清,非根部结扎组88例,采用IMA低位结扎及结扎部位淋巴结廓清.根部结扎组,比较两组患者的平均手术时间、淋巴结数及转移度、复发率、5年生存率、并发症发生率.结果 非根部结扎组的淋巴结数、淋巴结转移度、术后生存率明显低于根部结扎组,复发率则明显高于根部结扎组(P＜0.05);两组手术时间、并发症比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 IMA根部结扎及根部淋巴结廓清对直肠癌的治疗效果优于IMA非根部结扎及结扎部位淋巴结廓清,值得推广应用.