某医学院大学新生弓形虫感染调查

目的:了解高校新生弓形虫感染情况,为预防该病提供科学依据。方法:采用ELISA法对某医学院2009级入学466名新生进行弓形虫IgG、IgM抗体检测。结果:弓形虫IgG抗体阳性率男生为6.08%,女生为5.93%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.29,P>0.05);IgM抗体阳性率男生为5.65%,女生为4.66%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.82,P>0.05)。来自农村和城镇的新生IgG抗体阳性率分别为5.14%、7.04%,有显著差异(χ2=5.81,P<0.05);IgM抗体阳性率分别为3.95%、6.57%,有显著差异(χ2=6.39,P<0.05)。结论:来自城镇与农村的学生弓形虫感染率不同,城镇高于农村。     

TSo联合IFN-γ鼻内免疫小鼠诱导的弓形虫IgA抗体特异性免疫应答

目的研究速殖子超声裂解物(TSo)和IFN-γ鼻内免疫小鼠经口感染弓形虫速殖子后,血清、小肠液和粪便IgA抗体分泌的动态变化。方法将6～7周龄BALB/c小鼠100只随机分为4组,每组25只,分别用10μl缓冲液PBS、20μgTSo、500UIFN-γ和20μgTSo 500UIFN-γ鼻内免疫小鼠。用RH株弓形虫速殖子4×104个/只灌胃攻击,分别于攻击后第7、10、13、16、19天处死小鼠,收集血清、小肠液及粪便,ELISA法测定IgA含量。结果各组血清IgA抗体水平在攻击后第10天达到峰值,TSo IFN-γ组血清IgA抗体含量高于其他各组。小肠液和粪便IgA抗体含量在攻击后第13天达到峰值,在实验期各时点TSo IFN-γ组小肠液和粪便IgA抗体含量高于其他组。小肠液与粪便IgA抗体水平呈正相关。结论TSo或IFN-γ或TSo联合IFN-γ鼻内免疫小鼠可诱导黏膜免疫,产生高水平的弓形虫特异性IgA抗体。TSo联合IFN-γ鼻内免疫优于单独免疫,免疫小鼠肠道产生大量SIgA,发挥抗虫作用。鼻黏膜免疫是一种安全有效的免疫接种途径。     

山东莱阳地区弓形体感染调查

本文首次调查并报道了山东省人群弓形体感染情况。以间接荧光抗体(IFA)枝术对采自莱阳地区农民和肉联厂职工的503份血清弓形体抗体进行了检测。结果显示,农民弓形体感染率为18.7±2.7％,肉联厂职工感染率为33.9±2.8％,两者有非常显著的差异(P<0.01)。在肉联厂人群中,弓形体感染率随暴露于生猪肉的程度增加而增高。弓形体感染率与年龄、性别间无统计学上的联系。     

弓形虫主要表面抗原1截短型片段的纯化与鉴定

目的:表达和纯化弓形虫SAG1,分析其免疫原性。方法:将诱导表达SAG1后菌体裂解,离心,分别收集其上清和沉淀;亲和层析分离纯化裂解上清液中的SAG1,SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定SAG1纯度和免疫原性。结果:诱导后重组体pGEX-SAG1/Bl21超声裂解上清液、8M脲溶解沉淀的上清中都含有融合蛋白GST-SAG1,从超声裂解上清液中纯化获得融合蛋白GST-SAG1。结论:亲和层析获得具有免疫原性的SAG1。     

弓形虫RH株表面抗原P30基因重组质粒的构建及鉴定

目的：构建弓形虫RH株表面抗原P30基因的重组表达质粒,为下一步免疫与诊断研究制备高纯度P30重组蛋白奠定基础。方法：自弓形虫RH株感染小鼠腹水中收集速殖子,用酚／氯仿法提取基因组DNA,用PCR法扩增编码P30的基因片段(经电泳切带纯化),定向插入到PQE-30表达质粒中,转化入TG1宿主菌,在含有青霉素的SOB平板上筛选阳性重组子,采用酶切、PCR扩增和DNA序列分析等方法对插入片段进行鉴定。结果：阳性重组质粒PQE30-P30经Sal HindⅢ双酶切下的插片及PCR扩增产物均与原插入的P30基因片段大小一致为976bp,通过序列测定证实插入片段为编码P30的基因片段。结论：成功构建弓形虫表面抗原P30基因的重组质粒PQE30-P30。     

Birth prevalence and characteristics of congenital toxoplasmosis in Sergipe,North‐east Brazil

Objectives To estimate, by neonatal screening, the birth prevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis among live‐born infants in Sergipe state, Brazil, and to investigate the clinical features of affected infants. Methods Dried blood spot specimens obtained from 15 204 neonates were assayed for the presence of anti‐T. gondii IgM antibodies. Duplicate retesting was done in infants with positive and borderline results. Confirmatory testing in peripheral blood samples consisted of testing for anti‐T. gondii IgG and IgM in infants and mothers. Those with possible congenital toxoplasmosis were evaluated and followed up to a median age of 20 months. Congenital infection was confirmed in the presence of persisting anti‐T. gondii IgG antibodies beyond 12 months of age. All infants with confirmed infection were treated with pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine and folinic acid for 1 year. Results Fifty‐three infants had detectable IgM in dried blood spot specimens. Confirmatory testing was reactive in 39/50, of which, 38 completed follow‐up. Six of 15 204 newborns were diagnosed with congenital toxoplasmosis, resulting in an estimated birth prevalence of four per 10 000 [CI 95% 1.4–8.0]. Four infants (67%) showed signs of congenital toxoplasmosis in their first year of life; three (75%) had retinochoroidal scars, and one had cerebral calcifications. Two infants remained asymptomatic until 20 months of age. Conclusions The birth prevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis is high in the Brazilian state of Sergipe, with most of the infants showing ocular lesions. Preventive measures are strongly warranted.     

Diagnostic Value of Positive Findings of Toxoplasma gondii-Specific Immunoglobulin M Serum Antibody in Uveitis Patients to Confirm Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Purpose: To assess the value of positive immunoglobulin (Ig) M serum antibody (Ab) findings in uveitis patients.

Methods: We reviewed medical records of patients who had a positive serological test for Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM Ab. Their clinical data, including history, demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, clinical findings, treatment outcomes, and recurrences, were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: Of 2919 uveitis patients who underwent a serological test for suspected ocular toxoplasmosis (OT), 18 presented with positive Ig M results. All 18 patients (100.0% specificity) were clinically diagnosed with OT. None had any retinochoroidal scar at the initial visit, indicating the OT was a recent and primary infection. However, 15 patients (83.3%) had no history suspected to account for the Toxoplasma transmission.

Conclusions: The T. gondii IgM serum Ab is a specific biomarker for diagnosis of primary OT. Epidemiological studies are warranted to investigate the non-classic transmission routes of T. gondii in OT.     

弓形虫新基因表位疫苗质粒的构建及鉴定

目的构建两个弓形虫新基因2B9G1、7C3-C3的表位疫苗质粒,为阐明表位疫苗的保护性奠定基础。方法采用生物信息学方法对新基因2B9G1、7C3-C3进行表位预测,PCR扩增基因中编码3个表位的片段W2b、W2a和W4a,连接入pcDNA3,转入DH5α,挑阳性菌落进行PCR、酶切和测序鉴定;同法将W2a、W4a分别克隆入pcDNA3-W2b载体中W2b片段下游,再将W4a克隆入pcDNA3-W2b2a载体中W2a片段下游。结果经PCR、酶切鉴定及序列测定,W2b、W2a和W4a 3个片段分别插入pcDNA3预期位置;W2a和W4a片段分别插入pcDNA3-W2b预期位置;W4a片段插入pcDNA3-W2b2a预期位置。结论成功构建单表位、双表位、多表位疫苗质粒pcDNA3-W2b、pcDNA3-W2a、pcDNA3-W4a、pcDNA3-W2b2a、pcDNA3-W2b4a、pcDNA3-W2a2b4a。     

弓形虫影响前列腺素E2合成的细胞内信号调节途径

目的　探讨弓形虫感染巨噬细胞过程中花生四烯酸 (AA)及前列腺素E₂ (PGE₂ )的产生及其相关的细胞内信号调节途径。　方法　构建刚地弓形虫 小鼠巨噬细胞侵染模型 ,应用气相色谱、酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA)、逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR)和蛋白质印迹法 (Westernblotting)检测钙离子调节剂乙二醇双 ( 2-氨基乙醚 )四乙酸 (EG-TA)、钙离子螯合剂 (BAPTA/AM )、钙调蛋白抑制剂三氟拉嗪 (TFP)及蛋白激酶C (PKC)抑制剂 1-( 5-磺酰基 ) 异喹啉-2-甲基-哌嗪盐酸盐 (H7)对弓形虫诱导的AA、PGE₂ 含量及促细胞分裂剂诱导性环加氧酶-2 (COX-2 )mRNA和蛋白质表达水平的影响。　结果　EGTA、BAPTA/AM及TFP均可抑制弓形虫诱导的巨噬细胞AA和PGE₂ 合成 ;PKC抑制剂H7可明显抑制弓形虫和脂多糖 (LPS)诱导的巨噬细胞PGE₂ 合成 ,并伴随着COX-2mRNA和蛋白质表达呈剂量依赖性减少。　结论　弓形虫侵染巨噬细胞过程可能通过钙信号转导途径调节COX-2底物AA的含量和PKC依赖的COX-2代谢途径调节PGE₂ 的合成。