Measurement techniques to determine tibial rotation after total knee arthroplasty are less accurate than we think

Background

The present study assessed the inter- and intra-observer reliability of tibial and femoral rotation measures after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and evaluated the correlation between these measurement techniques and their clinical relevance.

Serum Total Cholesterol Levels Would Predict Nosocomial Infections After Gastrointestinal Surgery

It has been suggested that total cholesterol levels and the use of statin medications are associated with the incidence of complications after gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was to determine if preoperative total cholesterol levels are associated with a higher risk of postoperative infections and mortality. A total of 2211 patients undergoing general surgical procedures between December 2006 and November 2008 at Iizuka Hospital and between January 2010 and March 2012 at Jichi Medical University Hospital were reviewed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to evaluate serum total cholesterol and other variables as predictors of postoperative nosocomial infections. Serum total cholesterol concentrations lower than 160 mg/dl were associated with an increased incidence of superficial and deep incisional surgical site infections. Serum total cholesterol levels showed a reverse J-shaped relationship with the development of organ space surgical site infection and pneumonia. There was no discernible effect of serum cholesterol levels on the postoperative mortality observed in this cohort of patients. Decreased serum albumin was one of the strongest risk factors for the development of nosocomial infection after surgery. Postoperative pneumonia was not observed in patients taking statin medications whose cholesterol levels were <200 mg/dl. Serum total cholesterol may be a valid predictor of surgical outcome. Preoperative statin use may affect the development of postoperative pneumonia in patients with total cholesterol levels below 200 mg/dl.     

Posterior shoulder instability following anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty: A case report and review of management

We report a case of posterior shoulder instability following anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). In addition, we present guidelines to aid in the management of posterior instability after TSA. A 50-year-old male underwent anatomic TSA for glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Postoperatively, the patient developed posterior instability secondary to glenoid retroversion. He did not improve despite conservative treatment. He underwent an arthroscopic posterior bone block procedure, 4-month after his index arthroplasty. At 14-month follow-up, the patient had regained near full motion and strength, and radiographs demonstrated osseous integration with no evidence of component loosening. Posterior instability following TSA is a relatively rare complication and challenging to manage. The posterior, arthroscopic iliac crest bone block grafting procedure represents a treatment option for posterior instability in the setting of a stable glenoid prosthesis following TSA.     

不同镇痛方式对全膝关节置换术后镇痛效果及炎性反应的影响

目的探讨神经刺激仪引导下连续股神经阻滞(continuous femoral nerve block,CFNB)镇痛或静脉镇痛对全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)后患者镇痛效果及炎性反应的影响。方法择期行单侧全膝关节置换术患者60例,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级,年龄51~71岁,体重50~77kg,随机均分两组:PCIA组和患者自控股神经镇痛组(PCNA组)。PCIA组:术后持续输注芬太尼镇痛;PCNA组:在神经刺激仪引导下行股神经置管,术后连续股神经阻滞镇痛。分别于术前、术毕、术后6、12、24和48h时采集股静脉血,检测IL-6及IL-10浓度。观察并记录术后2、12、24、36、48h静止时和术后24、48、72h运动时VAS评分。记录尿潴留、低氧血症(SpO290%)、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡不良反应发生情况及追加哌替啶例数。结果与术前比较,术后各时点PCIA组IL-6、IL-10浓度明显升高(P0.05),PCNA组术后6、12hIL-6和术后6、12、24hIL-10浓度明显升高(P0.05)。与PCNA组比较,术后各时点PCIA组IL-6浓度明显升高(P0.05),而术后6h时PCIA组IL-10浓度明显降低(P0.05)。与PCNA组比较,PCIA组术后2、12、24、36、48h静止时VAS评分和术后24、48、72h运动时VAS明显升高(P0.05)。与PCNA组比较,PCIA组术后恶心、嗜睡、追加哌替啶例数明显增加(P0.05)。两组无一例患者发生低氧血症。结论神经刺激仪引导下连续股神经阻滞镇痛效果良好,不良反应少,可以减轻TKA术后患者机体炎性反应。     

A Novel Method for Stratification of Major Complication Risk Using Body Mass Index Thresholds for Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty: A National Cohort of 224,413 Patients

IntroductionElevated body mass index (BMI) is associated with complications following Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA). Since obese individuals are almost 10 times more likely to require THA compared to non-obese individuals, we need to understand the risk-benefit continuum while considering THA in obese patients. We aimed to determine data-driven thresholds for BMI at which the risk of major complications following THA increases significantly.MethodsPatients were identified in a national database who underwent primary THA from 2010 to 2020. BMI thresholds were identified using the stratum-specific likelihood ratio (SSLR) methodology, which is an adaptive technique that allows for identification of BMI cut-offs, at which the risk of major complications is increased significantly . BMI cutoffs identified using SSLR were used to create a logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 224,413 patients were identified with a mean age of 66 ± 10, BMI 32 ± 6.7, and 7,186 (3%) sustained a major complication. BMI thresholds were defined as 19-31, 32-37, 38-49 and 50+. Overall, the absolute risk of major complications increased from 2.9% in the lowest BMI strata to 7.5% in the highest BMI strata. Compared to patients with a BMI between 19-31, the odds of sustaining a major complication sequentially increased by 1.2, 1.6, and 2.5-times for patients in each higher BMI strata (all, P < .05).ConclusionsWe have identified BMI cutoffs using SSLR that categorizes patients into four categories of risk for major complications in a nationally representative patient sample. These thresholds can be used in the surgical decision-making process between patients and surgeons.