过度疲劳状态下运动性猝死模型大鼠甲状腺及心脏功能变化

BACKGROUND: Exercise fatigue can lead to lactic acid accumulation, metabolism decrease and energy intake disturbance following by overtraining. Further, constant development of negative superposition after overtraining will contribute to karoshi and exercise-induced sudden death. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the changes of rat thyroid function under excessive fatigue state and to further explore the relationship between the exercise-induced sudden cardiac death and thyroid function. METHODS: Seven rats were randomly selected from 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats as blank control group. The remaining rats were trained continuously with exhaustive loaded-swimming exercises to achieve the excessive fatigue state, and seven as fatigue group, seven as sudden death group. Rat samples were collected immediately after exercise to observe the morphology, structure and intercellular substance changes of thyroid follicular epithelial cells and cardiac muscle fibers by hematoxylin-eosin staining;   levels of serum triiodothyronine (T3), tetraiodothyronine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and lactic dehydrogenase 2 (LDH-2) were detected by ELISA. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) In the sudden death group, intermyocardiac vessels expanded extremely, some thin myocardial fibers ruptured, and severe congestion and hemorrhage occurred; thyroid follicles were in a hypochromatism with loose intercellular substance, and extensive visible vacuolization in the follicular colloid. (2) The levels of serum LDH-2 and T3 in the sudden death group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (P < 0.05). (3) The levels of serum T4 and TSH were the highest in the fatigue group, followed by sudden death group, and lowest in the blank control group (P < 0.05). (4) These results suggest that excessive fatigue caused by long-term high-intensity training will lead to thyroid morphological abnormality and myocardial impairment. Increasing serum LDH-2 following excessive fatigue aggravates myocardial damages. Fatigue accumulation causing thyroid dysfunction, abnormal secretion of TSH, T3 and T4, may be one of the causes of exercise-induced sudden death. Exercise-induced sudden death belongs to a multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and turbulence of thyroid causing cardiac structural and functional alteration may induce sudden cardiac death. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植;肝移植;移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植;组织工程     

左旋甲状腺素对亚临床甲状腺功能减退孕妇妊娠期糖尿病发生率的影响

目的：研究左旋甲状腺素（LT4）治疗对亚临床甲状腺功能减退（SCH）孕妇中妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）发生率的影响。方法：选取经甲状腺功能筛查诊断为SCH的妊娠妇女1 084例（SCH组）,正常妊娠妇女8 848例（对照组）。SCH组按患者是否愿意接受药物治疗分为SCH治疗组、SCH未治疗组,治疗组采用LT4治疗,未治疗组不用药。比较各组促甲状腺素（TSH）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）、甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPOAb）情况,并根据口服糖耐量试验（OGTT）结果,比较各组GDM发生率。结果：SCH组TSH水平高于对照组,FT4低于对照组（均P=0.000）,治疗组与未治疗组的TSH水平高于对照组,FT4水平低于对照组（均P=0.000）。SCH治疗组的TSH水平与SCH未治疗组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。SCH组TPOAb阳性率高于对照组（P=0.000）,SCH治疗组与未治疗组的TPOAb阳性率均高于对照组（P=0.000）,而SCH治疗组与未治疗组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。SCH组的GDM发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）。SCH治疗组的GDM发生率低于未治疗组（P=0.035）。SCH治疗组的GDM发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,而SCH未治疗组的GDM发生率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论：SCH会增加GDM的发病风险,尽早使用LT4正规治疗,可能对降低SCH孕妇的GDM发生率,减少SCH合并GDM对母儿的危害有积极作用。     

汕头地区孕妇甲状腺功能参考值的建立及甲状腺功能异常的筛查

目的建立汕头地区妊娠妇女甲状腺激素功能指标的参考值范围,并依据该参考值了解本地区妊娠妇女甲状腺功能异常的发生情况。 方法对2013年1月至2015年12月期间在汕头大学医学院第二附属医院妇产科门诊就诊的837名妊娠妇女,进行血清甲状腺激素和甲状腺自身抗体检测。其中,2013年1月至2014年6月符合入组标准的367名妊娠妇女的甲状腺功能资料,用于建立本研究妊娠各期血清促甲状腺激素(Thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH)、游离甲状腺素(Free thyroxine, FT₄)的参考值。根据本研究初步建立的参考值,对2014年7月至2015年12月在汕头大学医学院第二附属医院妇产科门诊就诊的470名妊娠妇女进行甲状腺功能异常的筛查。 结果(1)初步建立的汕头地区妊娠妇女孕早、中和晚期血清TSH的正常参考范围分别为：0.07～5.34 mIU/L、0.09～4.96 mIU/L、0.05～6.59 mIU/L,血清FT₄的正常参考范围分别为：8.71～15.53 pmol/L、5.58～11.84 pmol/L、5.57～21.91 pmol/L;(2)本院就诊孕妇甲状腺功能异常的发生率：临床甲亢为1.91%(9/470)、亚临床甲亢为0.64%(3/470)、临床甲减为0、亚临床甲减为1.06%(5/470)。 结论建立汕头地区妊娠妇女甲状腺功能的参考值有利于本地区妊娠妇女甲状腺功能疾病的及时诊断和早期干预,从而减少疾病对孕妇及胎儿造成的影响。     

Effect of Levothyroxine Treatment on Clinical Symptoms in Hypothyroid Patients with Chronic Urticaria and Thyroid Autoimmunity

BackgroundThyroid autoimmunity has been increasingly reported to be associated with chronic urticaria (CU), and the possible clinical benefit of thyroid hormone or anti-thyroid drugs in some CU patients with autoimmune thyroid disease has been studied. However, the effect of thyroid hormone or anti-thyroid drugs on clinical symptoms of CU remains unclear.ObjectiveWe investigated the clinical response of urticaria to the treatment of thyroid dysfunction.MethodsMedical records of patients with CU evaluated for thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid function were collected and reviewed.ResultsOf 184 patients with CU, 43 patients (23.4%) had thyroid autoantibodies and 26 patients (14.1%) had thyroid dysfunction. While none of the five patients with Graves'' disease showed any improvement of urticaria after treatment with anti-thyroid drugs, two of the 10 patients with Hashimoto''s thyroiditis showed improved urticaria after being treated with levothyroxine.ConclusionAlthough levothyroxine treatment was effective in a minority of patients with CU, there may be a causal relationship between CU and thyroid autoimmunity.     

宁波正常孕妇妊娠期甲状腺功能参考值范围探讨与应用

目的探讨宁波地区女性妊娠后各期甲状腺功能特异性血清检测指标的正常参考值范围,比较本文建立的参考值范围与ATA推荐2017指南参考值范围对孕期甲状腺功能异常检出的差异。方法选取2017年1~10月本院产科门诊例行产检的单胎健康妊娠妇女841例作为研究组,同期孕前检查的172例非妊娠期妇女作为对照组,根据美国国家临床生化研究院(NACB)指南的推荐,电化学发光法测定受试者血清中TSH、FT4、FT3、TT3、TT4、抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(Tg Ab)和抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)水平。结果妊娠早期(T1)血清中甲状腺各指标中位数及95%参考范围FT3为3.03(2.30~3.91)pg/m L,FT4为0.75(0.51~1.12)ng/d L,TT3为1.25(0.82~1.89)ng/m L,TT4为8.62(5.41~12.36)μg/d L,TSH为1.68(0.17~4.09)m IU/L,妊娠中期(T2)血清中甲状腺各指标中位数及95%参考范围FT3为2.94(2.30~3.52)pg/m L,FT4为0.69(0.49~1.02)ng/d L,TT3为1.30(0.89~1.87)ng/m L,TT4为8.79(5.22~12.54)μg/d L,TSH为1.99(0.14~4.80)m IU/L,妊娠晚期(T3)血清中甲状腺各指标中位数及95%参考范围FT3为2.68(2.10~3.34)pg/m L,FT4:为0.44(0.24~0.87)ng/d L,TT3为1.14(0.75~1.55)ng/m L,TT4为7.94(4.56~11.54)μg/d L,TSH为2.58(0.46~4.46)m IU/L。血清结合球蛋白抗体(Tg Ab)及血清抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)整个孕期变化比较,差异无统计学意义,ATA推荐标准与本研究新建立的标准,对1330例产检的孕妇进行筛查,甲状腺功能异常检出例数与(检出率)分别为:亚临床甲状腺功能减退68(5.1%)74(5.6%),甲状腺功能减退13(0.9%)23(1.7%),亚临床甲状腺功能亢进症11(0.8%)14(1.0%),甲状腺功能亢进症5(0.4%)5(0.4%),低甲状腺素血症79(5.9%)72(5.4%)。结论 (1)正常妊娠女性甲状腺功能指标随孕周增加变化,TSH值表现为早孕期降低,中孕期回升,到孕晚期升到最高的变化趋势,FT4、FT3则表现为孕早期升高,中孕期降低至孕晚期最低;(2)本研究得出的参考值范围对于甲状腺功能异常的检出率与ATA指南的参考值范围有出入;(3)宁波地区妊娠妇女的血清甲状腺激素水平具备地域上的特异性,制定本地区的妊娠期特异参考值范围很有必要。     

二氧化碳气腹对术中血浆甲状腺素影响的观察

目的：探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）中CO2气腹对甲状腺功能的影响。方法：全麻下胆囊切除术60例随机分为LC组（30例）和非腹腔镜组（30例）,于术前1日及术中不同时期抽取静脉血标本,用放射免疫法检测血浆甲状腺（TT3,TT4,FT3,FT4,rTs,TSH)的变化,结果：60例患者术前甲腺素水平均为正常。LC气腹后TT3,TT4,TSH升高（P＜0．01,与术前相比）,非腹腔镜者术中TT3有所一降。结论：LC术中甲状腺功能增强可能与CO2气腹有关。     

新生儿先天性甲状腺功能减退症的筛查及临床分析

目的：开展新生儿先天性甲状腺功能减退症（CH）的筛查及临床治疗,以期降低残疾儿童的发生率,提高我国人口素质,方法：应用国际先进的时间分辨荧光免疫法（Tr-FIA)检测新生儿滤纸干血片上TSH的[浓度筛查CH;且对筛查阳性的患儿进行临床分析。结果：筛查新生儿315 472例,确诊CH者66例,包括47例典型甲减,19例亚临床甲减,筛查阳性率为1／4 780,47例典型病例最终诊断为永久性甲减的41例,暂时性甲减2例,2例未满2岁未再作重新评估,1例因其他原因夭折,1例放弃,19例亚临床型病例最终诊断永久性甲减7例,暂时性甲减4例,商TSH血症5例,有3例未满2岁未再作重新评估,随访患儿目前体格及智力发育皆正常,结论：Tr-FIA法是筛查CH十分理想的非放射性免疫分析技术,筛查阳性的CH患儿,包括甲减和亚临床甲减病例,都应给以及时合理剂量甲状腺素治疗,是否终身治疗则需要根据2岁及5岁的重新评估作出决定。     

VPS33B mutation with ichthyosis, cholestasis, and renal dysfunction but without arthrogryposis: incomplete ARC syndrome phenotype

Arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis (ARC) syndrome is a rare multisystem disorder first described in 1979 and recently ascribed to mutation in VPS33B, whose product acts in intracellular trafficking. Arthrogryposis, spillage of various substances in the urine, and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia define an ARC core phenotype, in some patients associated with ichthyosis, central nervous system malformation, deafness, and platelet abnormalities. We describe a patient with cholestasis, aminoaciduria, ichthyosis, partial callosal agenesis, and sensorineural deafness who, although homozygous for the novel VPS33B mutation 971delA/K324fs, predicted to abolish VPS33B function, did not exhibit arthrogryposis. The phenotypes associated with VPS33B mutation may include incomplete ARC.     

甲状腺素对原发性甲状腺功能减退症认知功能损害的治疗效果

目的研究甲状腺素对成人原发性甲状腺功能减退症(甲减)患者认知损害的治疗效果。方法运用修订韦氏记忆量表和正背倒背任务检测26例初发成人原发性甲减患者治疗前、后及28例健康对照组的记忆功能。结果修订韦氏记忆量表检测显示,原发性甲减患者记忆商显著低于健康对照组,治疗后记忆商较治疗前明显提高(P<0.05),但仍低于健康对照组(P<0.05)。数字正背倒背任务检测,原发性甲减患者4位倒背数字任务正确率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),治疗后4位倒背数字任务正确率显著提高,与健康对照组未见明显差异(P>0.05)。结论原发性甲减患者存在记忆功能损害,甲状腺素替代治疗能够改善甲减患者的记忆功能。