Predictive performance of obesity indexes for the risk of high blood pressure in an adult population

Background and objectives

Comparisons of predictive performance of various anthropometric measures in high blood pressure have not been investigated. This study aimed at evaluating and comparing the predictive power of Body Mass Index (BMI), Body Adiposity index (BAI) and A Body Shape Index (ABSI) for predicting hypertension in adults.

Stereotyped topography of different elevated contingent negative variation components in children with migraine without aura points towards a subcortical dysfunction

Increased negativity during contingent negative variation (CNV) is thought to reflect abnormal neural activation in adult migraineurs' attention related processing. Findings in childhood and adolescence have yielded less clear results. This study characterizes the age-dependent development of CNV topography in migraine during childhood in order to elucidate the origin and cerebral generators of described CNV elevations. A large sample of children with primary headache (migraine with/without aura, tension type headache) and healthy controls aged 6-18 years was examined in a CNV paradigm using 64-channel high resolution DC-EEG. Patients were tested for diagnose-related topographic group differences of initial CNV (iCNV), late CNV (lCNV) and postimperative negative variation (PINV). All three CNV components of 6-11-year-old migraineurs without aura showed elevated negativity over the supplementary motor area (SMA) and around the vertex. Migraine children lacked age-dependent development of late CNV around Cz as previously reported. However, they showed a normal development of late CNV over pre-/primary motor cortex (MI). There was no marked elevation of iCNV amplitude over frontal areas (orienting reaction) nor specific amplitude elevations over "motor" or "sensory" areas during sustained attention (late CNV). Additional "pre-mature" activation e.g., in the locus coeruleus (leading to diffuse cortical activation summing up to a maximum over the vertex) or the basal ganglia (interacting with SMA) explained the rather stereotyped CNV elevation around the vertex better than a specific implication of the cortical systems responsible for orienting, motor preparation or sensory attention.     

网塞加平片行无张力疝修补术276例治疗体会

目的探讨网塞加平片无张力疝修补术在腹股沟疝中的临床应用。方法回顾性分析我院2009年1月至2013年5月276例腹股沟疝无张力修补临床资料,全部采用网塞加平片无张力修补术。结果 276例全部治愈,4⁷ d出院。结论网塞加平片行无张力修补术治疗腹股沟疝疗效良好,操作简易、创伤小、恢复快、无显著并发症。     

Olecranon fractures: factors influencing re-operation

Purpose

We evaluated factors influencing re-operation in tension band and plating of isolated olecranon fractures.

Methods

Four hundred eighty-nine patients with isolated olecranon fractures who underwent tension band (TB) or open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) from 2003 to 2013 were identified at an urban level 1 trauma centre. Medical records were reviewed for patient information and complications, including infection, nonunion, malunion, loss of function or hardware complication requiring an unplanned surgical intervention. Electronic radiographs of these patients were reviewed to identify Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) fracture classification and patients who underwent TB or ORIF.

Results

One hundred seventy-seven patients met inclusion criteria of isolated olecranon fractures. TB was used for fixation in 43 patients and ORIF in 134. No statistical significance was found when comparing complication rates in open versus closed olecranon fractures. In a multivariate analysis, the key factor in outcome was method of fixation. Overall, there were higher rates of infection and hardware removal in the TB compared with the ORIF group.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that the dominant factor driving re-operation in isolated olecranon fractures is type of fixation. When controlling for all variables, there is an increased chance of re-operation in patients with TB fixation.     

不同麻醉方式在腹股沟疝无张力修补术中的临床效果对比分析

目的：比较局部麻醉与硬膜外麻醉在腹股沟疝无张力修补术中的临床效果。方法将85例腹股沟疝（单侧疝）患者随机分为局麻组与对照组。局麻组43例患者采用局部麻醉,对照组42例患者采用硬膜外麻醉,两组患者均采用腹股沟疝无张力修补术治疗。对比两组患者围术期平均动脉压的变化、术后并发症及手术相关指标。结果局麻组患者切皮后1、5 min的平均动脉压高于对照组（P〈0.01）;局麻组患者平均动脉压在手术中4个时间点上差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;而对照组患者平均动脉压在4个时间点上不全相同（P〈0.01）;局麻组患者的恶心呕吐及尿潴留发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）;局麻组患者的下地时间、住院时间及住院总费用优于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论在腹股沟疝无张力修补术中,采用局部麻醉具有术中患者血压更为稳定、麻醉并发症发生率更低、患者恢复快、住院费用更节省等优点。     

养血清脑颗粒联合氟哌噻吨美利曲辛治疗紧张性头痛临床疗效观察

目的：研究养血清脑颗粒联合氟哌噻吨美利曲辛治疗紧张性头痛的临床疗效。方法：将2011年12月-2014年2月本院门诊收治的68例紧张性头痛患者给予养血清脑颗粒联合氟哌噻吨美利曲辛治疗,观察治疗前后的头痛程度、负面情绪及生活质量。结果：治疗后患者头痛程度及负面情绪评分明显低于治疗前,生活质量明显高于治疗前;患者的疼痛数字量表（NRS）评分为（1.4±0.2）分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）评分为（13.6±1.5）分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评分为（13.8±2.6）分,均明显低于治疗前;躯体功能（72.8±9.6）分、心理功能（59.5±5.6）分、社会功能（57.7±2.87）分、总体生活质量（81.3±8.8）分,均明显高于未治疗前（P〈0.05）。结论：养血清脑颗粒联合氟哌噻吨美利曲辛有助于缓解头痛和负面情绪,提高患者的疼痛耐受性,对治疗紧张性头痛具有重要意义。     

Post-operative delay in return of function following guided growth tension plating and use of corrective physical therapy

Purpose

Guided growth has long been used to treat growth deformities, but the Eight-Plate^® system has recently become more widely used by pediatric orthopaedists. Because the current literature lacks evaluation of functional status in the immediate post-operative period, we investigated functional status following use of the Eight-Plate^® system.

Methods

We evaluated post-operative delay in return of function following treatment with the Eight-Plate^® system at two weeks after surgery. Fifty-one consecutive patients with a growth deformity were treated with the Eight-Plate^® system. Patients were comprised of 32 male and 19 female patients with an average age of 11 years (range 2–17.9 years).

Results

Among study participants, 19 patients (37.3 %) had post-operative delay of function. The rate of delayed function for patients 10 years of age or younger and 11 years of age or older was respectively 11.8 and 50 % (P = 0.002). Six of the 19 patients were treated with four or more plates, of which five patients (83.3 %) developed delayed return of function. The rate of delayed function in patients with at least one femoral plate compared to no femoral plate was respectively 45 and 9.1 % (P = 0.006). Bilateral operations were associated with a 66.7 % rate of delayed function compared to 25 % with unilateral operations (P = 0.004). When patients with delay of function were treated with physical therapy, 12 of 13 patients (92.3 %) had complete resolution of their symptoms.

Conclusion

Statistical significance demonstrated that patients at the greatest risk were 11 years of age or older, with four or more plates, with femoral plates, or with bilateral operations. Patients with delayed function were readily corrected by physical therapy.     

前入路UHS无张力疝修补术临床研究

目的：研究Lichtenstein术式及前入路USH两种方法在无张力疝修补术患者中的临床效果及安全性。方法分析我院2012年4月~2013年4月收治的40例行无张力疝修补术患者,按照随机数字表法分为治疗组20例,给予Lichtenstein术式,对照组20例给予前入路USH。比较两组患者手术时间、术后排气时间、下床活动时间、恢复正常生活工作时间、住院时间以及术后并发症,随访1~2年,观察手术后复发率。结果（1）对照组手术时间显著低于治疗组,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,两组在术后排气时间、下床活动时间、恢复正常生活工作时间、住院时间方面比较（P＞0.05）。（2）对照组与治疗组并发症发生率分别30.0%（6/20）,25.0%（5/20）,两组比较（x2=0.125,P＞0.05）。（3）对照组与治疗组术后复发病率分别为20.0%（4/20）,0（0/20）,两组比较（x2=4.444,P＜0.05）。结论 Lichtenstein及USH两种方法在无张力疝修补术中各有优劣势,Lichtenstein可以减少手术时间,USH可以减少术后复发率,两种方法在并发症及手术各项指标方面比较无差异,可根据患者具体条件进行选择。